The interpretation of methamphetamine and

amphetamine positive test results in biological samples

Omar Zourob

104/11/23

04/11/23 2

The interpretation of methamphetamine and amphetamine positive test results in biological samples is a challenge to clinical and forensic toxicology for several reasons:◦The effects of pH◦Dilution of urine samples◦Illicit sources ◦Legal prescription of amphetamines

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 3

Many substances metabolize to methamphetamine or amphetamine in the body:Amphetaminil Fencamine

Benzphetamine fenethylline

Clobenzorex fenproporex

Deprenyl furfenorex

Dimethylamphetamine mefenorex

Ethylamphetamine mesocarb

Famprofazone prenylamine

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 4

One of the 14 different drugs known to be metabolized to methamphetamine and/or amphetamine is famprofazone.

famprofazone a component in the multi-ingredient formulation Gewodin®.

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 5

Generic Name :◦Gewodin® Tabletten

Drug description :◦One tablet contains:

Famprofazon 25 mg, Paracetamol 250 mg, Propyphenazon 75 mg, Caffeine 30 mg.

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 6

Multiple doses of famprofazone were administered to healthy volunteers.

Following administration, urine samples were collected for nine days, and pH, specific gravity, and creatinine values were determined.

Using a cutoff of 500 ng/mL, all subjects had individual urine samples that tested positive.

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 7

Peak concentrations of

◦Methamphetamine :5327 to 14,155 ng/mL

◦Amphetamine : 833 to 3555 ng/mL

Both enantiomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine were present

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 8

Famprofazone

Methamphetamine

Amphetamine

H

H

H

Omar Zourob

04/11/23 9Omar Zourob