Gerunds Vs Infinitives

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Gerunds Vs Infinitive s

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Gerunds Vs Infinitives. What (the h***) is the gerund? . A gerund is the ING form of the verb. Examples: Playing Swimming Going Running Being. When do we use the GERUND?. After certain verbs Instead of a noun After prepositions. 1. After certain verbs. Enjoy I enjoy reading - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Gerunds Vs Infinitives

Page 1: Gerunds  Vs  Infinitives

Gerunds Vs Infinitives

Page 2: Gerunds  Vs  Infinitives

What (the h***) is the gerund?

• A gerund is the ING form of the verb.• Examples:

• Playing• Swimming• Going• Running• Being

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When do we use the GERUND?

• After certain verbs• Instead of a noun• After prepositions

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1. After certain verbs• Enjoy

• I enjoy reading• I was enjoying reading• She has enjoyed reading• You will enjoy reading• We have been enjoying reading

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Certain verbs are followed by the gerund

• After ‘enjoy’ ‘fancy’ ‘discuss’ ‘dislike’ ‘finish’• The second verb is ALWAYS in the

gerund• I enjoy reading• I fancy watching movies• We discussed going on holiday together• I dislike waiting for buses• We’ve finished preparing for the meeting

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Certain verbs are followed by the

gerund • MindI don’t mind coming early• Suggest

• He suggested staying home (NOT suggested to)• Recommend

• He recommended meeting earlier

• Kept• He kept working although he felt ill.

• Avoid• She avoided talking to her boss

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Another way we use a gerund

• After certain verbs• Instead of a noun• After prepositions

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Examples

• Smoking isn’t allowed here• Swimming is very good exercise

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A third way to use gerunds

• After certain verbs• Instead of a noun• After prepositions

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Examples• I drank a cup of coffee before leaving.• It’s a good idea to brush your teeth

after eating

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Gerunds after prepositions in phrasal verbs

• I gave up smoking.• I agree with playing soccer.• She complains about bullying. • They decided against attending the

meeting.• Sara dreams of becoming a rock star.

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We use ‘to+infinitive’:

• After certain verbs• After many adjectives• To show purpose

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Ecamples• He decided to leave early.

Can be in any tense

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Examples• He decided to leave early.

The second verb is always with ‘to+infinitive’

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More verbs that take ‘to+infinitive’

• Agree• She agreed to give a presentation.

• Ask• She asked to leave early.

• Plan• He plans to buy a new car.

• Hope• I hope to pass the exam.

• Learn• They are learning to sing.

• Want• I want to come to the party.

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More examples of verbs that take the

infinitive• Would like

• I would like to see you tonight.

• Promise• I promised not to be late.

(Make negative by adding ‘not’ before the infinitive)

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More examples on verbs that take the infinitive

• Pleased• I’m pleased to meet you!

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We use the ‘to+infinitive’

• After certain verbs• After many adjectives• To show purpose

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Examples:• Happy

• I’m happy to see you!• Right

• She was right to leave early.

• Wrong• They were wrong to leave the building.

• Careful• The teacher was careful to speak clearly.

• Lucky• He was lucky to get a scholarship.

• Likely• It’s likely to snow tonight.

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We use the ‘to+infinitive’

• After certain verbs• After many adjectives• To show purpose

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(we use the infinitive to say why we do something)

• I came to the US to study.• I went home to have lunch.

• (NOT: for have lunch)

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Gerund OR infinitive with NO CHANGE IN MEANING

Some verbs take either G/or INF with no change in meaning:

• Start• It started to rain./ = It started raining.

• Continue:• I continued to work./ = I continued working

• Begin: • She began to sing/ she began singing

• Prefer:• I prefer eating at home./ I prefer to eat at home.

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Gerund of infinitive WITH change in

meaning• Some verbs either take the GR or INF

but WITH change in meaning:• Stop + gerund (when you stop the

action or activity)

• Stop + ‘to+infinitive’ (when you stop something to do something else)

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Examples – (Stop + Gerund)

• Stop (gerund):• She stopped working.• She stopped smoking.• She stopped studying.(=she stopped doing the verb)

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Stop + ‘to+infinitive’

• I stopped to have lunch• I stopped to say hello.(=I stopped doing the first action because of the second)

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Remember + GR/INF• Remember + gerund

(To talk about past actions)

• Remember + ‘to+infinitive)• (when someone remembers/has to

remember something they have to do)

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Remember + gerund• He remembers going to the beach.

(in his head)

• I remember locking the door.

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Remember + ‘to+inf’• Please remember to buy milk!

(the person needs to remember buying milk when at the store)

• He remembered to meet her. (First, he arranged a meeting with her. Then he remembered to go to the meeting.)

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Try + inf• Used when we don’t succeed in doing

the action:• I tried to open the window, but it was

stuck!• (=I failed at the action)

• He tried to eat salad every day, but I often go for the Pizza. (=failed at the attempt, eating salad is the goal, but he didn’t succeed)

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Try + gerund• Used when we do the action but it

doesn’t help us to achieve the goal:• I tried opening the window, but the

room was still hot.

(this mean I opened the window easily, as an experiment to see if it would make the room cooler)