Germany’s ‘Germany’s ‘GREEN DOTGREEN DOT’ Waste ’ Waste Management SystemManagement System

Group MembersGroup Members ::

Megha Singhvi,Megha Singhvi,

Hanumant SharmaHanumant Sharma Prof. JASNEET SONI

Logo of Green DotLogo of Green Dot

What is Green Dot ????What is Green Dot ???? The The 'Green Dot'Green Dot', a waste ', a waste

management system, management system, was developedwas developed toto reduce packaging waste reduce packaging waste as well as as well as to to increase recycling/reuse rates in increase recycling/reuse rates in Germany.Germany.

History Of Green Dot……History Of Green Dot……

The The German "Grüne Punkt"German "Grüne Punkt" is considered the is considered the forerunner of the European schemeforerunner of the European scheme. It was . It was originally introduced by originally introduced by Duales System Duales System Deutschland GmbH (DSD) in 1991Deutschland GmbH (DSD) in 1991 following following the introduction of a Packaging Ordinance the introduction of a Packaging Ordinance under the Waste Act. Since the successful under the Waste Act. Since the successful introduction of the German industry-funded introduction of the German industry-funded dual system, similar dual system, similar Green Dot systemsGreen Dot systems have have been been introducedintroduced in most other in most other European European countries.countries.

Members Countries of Members Countries of Green Dot SchemeGreen Dot Scheme

Since its European introduction, the Since its European introduction, the scheme has been rolled out to 23 scheme has been rolled out to 23 European countries. In some — namely European countries. In some — namely France, Turkey, Spain, Portugal and France, Turkey, Spain, Portugal and BulgariaBulgaria — companies joining the Green — companies joining the Green Dot scheme must use the logo.Dot scheme must use the logo.

German Dual System of German Dual System of Waste CollectionWaste Collection

In 1991, the In 1991, the German government passed a German government passed a packaging law (Verpackungsverordnung)packaging law (Verpackungsverordnung) that that requiresrequires manufacturers to take manufacturers to take care ofcare of the the recycling or disposalrecycling or disposal of any packaging material of any packaging material they sell. As a they sell. As a result of this lawresult of this law, , German industry German industry set upset up a " a "dual systemdual system" of " of waste collectionwaste collection, which , which picks up household packaging in parallel to the picks up household packaging in parallel to the existing municipal waste-collection systems. This existing municipal waste-collection systems. This industry-funded system is operated in Germany industry-funded system is operated in Germany by the by the Duales System Deutschland GmbH Duales System Deutschland GmbH (German for "Dual System Germany Ltd") (German for "Dual System Germany Ltd") corporation, or short DSD.corporation, or short DSD.

ManagementManagement

Worldwide stewardship of Worldwide stewardship of the Green Dot the Green Dot logo is managed by PRO Europe logo is managed by PRO Europe (Packaging Recovery Organisation (Packaging Recovery Organisation Europe)Europe) on behalf of the various national on behalf of the various national Green dot organizations across EuropeGreen dot organizations across Europe..

Symbol Design and ConfusionSymbol Design and Confusion The design of the Green Dot symbolThe design of the Green Dot symbol has has obvious obvious

linkslinks with with the Chinese Taijitu (yin and yang) symbol the Chinese Taijitu (yin and yang) symbol and Gary Anderson's recycling symbol.and Gary Anderson's recycling symbol. Where full- Where full-color printing is available, its official form is printed color printing is available, its official form is printed in a light and a dark shade of green (Pantone 366C in a light and a dark shade of green (Pantone 366C and 343C). and 343C). For cost reasonsFor cost reasons or to avoid a visual clash or to avoid a visual clash with other symbols, many with other symbols, many manufacturers chose a manufacturers chose a black-and-whiteblack-and-white or other color combination on their or other color combination on their packages.packages.

The The Green Dot logoGreen Dot logo merely merely indicates indicates that that a companya company has has joined the Green Dot schemejoined the Green Dot scheme, and , and not necessarily not necessarily that the package is fully recyclablethat the package is fully recyclable. The logo is often . The logo is often confused with the recycling logo.confused with the recycling logo.

Issues:Issues: Understand some of the environmental and social Understand some of the environmental and social

pressures that companies have to deal with todaypressures that companies have to deal with today

Discuss the ways in which companies can minimize Discuss the ways in which companies can minimize the quantity of waste that they generate, and what the quantity of waste that they generate, and what governments can do to encourage thisgovernments can do to encourage this

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the systemsystem

Appreciate the advantages of competition and the Appreciate the advantages of competition and the effects of monopolizationeffects of monopolization

RecyclingRecycling

•Recycling refers to the collection and re-use of waste materials such as empty beverage containers.•The most common products recycled include aluminum such as beverage cans, steel food and aerosol cans.

Paper and board recycling schemes in GermanyPaper and board recycling schemes in Germany

Issues and achievementsIssues and achievements

German paper & board recycling systemGerman paper & board recycling system

ManufacturerManufacturer

Own collection scheme / labelling

Own collection scheme / labelling

Packaging

Consumer

Consumer

Raw materialsRaw materials

RetailerRecycling

New raw materials

Paper production cost comparisonPaper production cost comparison

Fresh wood paper Recycled paper

Input per ton Cost per unit Input per ton Cost per unit

Fresh wood 1,8 t1

Fresh wood 2,2 t2

79 €

96 €

1,15 t waste paper

Extra cost (wet

treatment, impurities,

etc)

50-82 €/t3

10,5 €/t3

Energy 4000 kWh/t2 600 €4 Energy 1500 kWh/t2 225 €4

Water 100 m3/t2 75 €6 Water 15 m3/t2 11 €6

Labor, depreciation,

maintenance5

108 € Labor, depreciation,

maintenance5

108 €

Total cost €/t 862 – 879 € Total cost €/t 404 – 436 €

Retail price

1000 sheet

4,90 €1 Retail price

1000 sheet

4,05 €1

Substantial differences according to sources; however the picture is clear: recycled paper is significantly cheaper than fresh wood paper.1 Source Uni-Freiburg 2 Source Greenpeace Aachen 3 Source Vdp online, Vortrag Bernd Boeking 4 Source E.ON - kWh cost arount 0,15 € 5 Source cfr Washington.edu case study 6 Source OWL wasserpreis 0,75 € per 1000 liter

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

License fee for Green Dot, Oct 1994License fee for Green Dot, Oct 1994Weight-based Fee: DM/kgWeight-based Fee: DM/kg

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

paper Al Plastic Comp Natural

materials

Clean Production Action Clean Production Action

Education and AwarenessEducation and Awareness Education and awarenessEducation and awareness in the area of waste and in the area of waste and

waste management waste management is increasingly important from a is increasingly important from a global perspective of resource management.global perspective of resource management. The The Talloires Declaration is a declaration for Talloires Declaration is a declaration for sustainability concerned about the unprecedented sustainability concerned about the unprecedented scale and speed of environmental pollution and scale and speed of environmental pollution and degradation, and the depletion of natural resources. degradation, and the depletion of natural resources. Local, regional, and global air pollution; Local, regional, and global air pollution; destruction and depletion of forests, soil, and water; destruction and depletion of forests, soil, and water; depletion of the ozone layer and emission of "green depletion of the ozone layer and emission of "green house" gases threaten the survival of humans and house" gases threaten the survival of humans and thousands of other living species.thousands of other living species.

Now A Days……Now A Days……

In 2010, CNBC aired the documentary In 2010, CNBC aired the documentary Trash Inc: Trash Inc: The Secret Life of GarbageThe Secret Life of Garbage about waste, what happens to it when it's about waste, what happens to it when it's ""thrown awaythrown away", and its impact on the ", and its impact on the worldworld

QuestionsQuestions

1.1. The scheme has been rolled out to how many The scheme has been rolled out to how many countries ?countries ?

2.2. The Green Dot logo is managed by ?The Green Dot logo is managed by ?3.3. The design of the Green Dot symbol has obvious The design of the Green Dot symbol has obvious

links with which two symbols ?links with which two symbols ?

4.4. Many manufacturers chose a black-and-white or Many manufacturers chose a black-and-white or other color combination on their packages. Why other color combination on their packages. Why they do so ?they do so ?

5.5. Green dot logo is often confused with which logo ?Green dot logo is often confused with which logo ?