Geospatial Information Serving Humanitarian User Needs · services and health care Planning of...
Transcript of Geospatial Information Serving Humanitarian User Needs · services and health care Planning of...
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CONTACT
Dr Stefan Lang (Coordinator) [email protected] Riedler [email protected] Wendt [email protected]
Department of Geoinformatics, Z_GIS– University of Salzburg, Austria
Geospatial Information Serving Humanitarian User Needs
Portfolio of existing and planned services
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The purpose of this presentation isto inform about existing and planned services and to invite you to contribute test cases and ideas for
further applications
Services are at this stage of the project on different levels ranging from
ideas operationalto
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Service are provided in 3 main application fields in the humanitarian context:
Application fields
(1) Population
(2) Water
(3) Landuse
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Population
How many people live in an camp or urban area and where?
Does the population density reach a critical threshold?
In which direction does a camp grow? Where are areas of dismantling?
What is the current camp structure? Are there areas of specific purpose, origin, age or destruction?
What is the distance to infrastructure? Where is it best to put new one?
Are camps in accordance to international standards?
Support of
Planning and coordination of logistics
Planning of medical services and health care
Planning of infrastructure, water and sanitation structures
Camp coordination and camp management
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Refugee/IDP camps
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Dwelling extraction
semi-automated extraction of single dwellings
distinction of different types depending on type of roof coverage, shape, color and size
statistical information e.g. number and share of different dwellings
population estimation
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Camp outline
boundary delineated automatically
info required in rapidly expanding refugee/IDP camps
important for long-time monitoring
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Dwelling density
calculated based on extracted single dwellings
provides an easy-to-grasp overview on the spatial distribution
as density or aggregated on regular units
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Camp structure
identification if specific areas within a camp depending on predominant occurring dwelling type (e.g. ratio of tents/huts as potential indicator for newly settled areas)
aggregated to regular units, administrative units or existing camp sections
statistical information like the share of different dwelling types
Share of dwelling type
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Camp planning
distance maps to assess the number of dwellings within a certain distance of a specific infrastructure (e.g. borehole, hospitals, latrines, etc.)
assessment of minimum distances between dwellings
assessment of standards (Sphere / UNHCR)
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Camp evolution
changes of single dwellings between 2 images from different times
detection of new and dismantled single structures
aggregation to regular units indicating areas of dwelling increase or dwelling decrease
regular monitoring using newly available data
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Destroyed settlements
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Destroyed tukuls
automated detection and counting of destroyed stucturese.g. tukuls
DLR, 2010
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Urban areas
©Getty Images
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Population estimation
population estimation based on building heights / 3D living space
combination with assumptions on household size (expert-based)
differentiation between purpose of buildings (business –residential zones) based on spatial location of buildings in the urban area
on regular grid cells oraggregated to administrative boundaries
statistical information like the total amount of people (/quartier)
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Detection of displaced people
to locate areas where displaced population is gathered / living
by the combined interpretation and analysis of EO data (visual interpretation), ancillary as well as in-situ (field) information
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Water
Where are suitable geological units and structures for boreholes?
How much water is used by agriculture, irrigation, human consumption?
Where, when and how much groundwater is renewed annually within a watershed?
How do seasonal water bodies behave over time?
How can we better understand the local water cycle using remote sensing?
Support of
Groundwater exploration Groundwater management
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(Hydro-) geological mapping
Hydrogeological Reconnaissance Map
Digital ElevationModel
Satellite Imagery
Road network
availablegeological maps
+ Expert
evaluation
Satellite-derivedgeological map
availableborehole data
reduces and facilitates field work
strongly depends on geology, climate and availability of maps and borehole data
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Automated mapping of open water bodies
automatically detect water bodies in free-of-charge remote sensing data
temporal analysis of surface area, ideally combined with depth, DEM, elevation of water surface to derive water volume
to find areas of potential groundwater renewal and flood-threatened areas
estimate run-off and evaporation deficit
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Ground subsidence monitoringfor groundwater abstraction estimation
groundwater abstraction can lead to ground subsidence
radar satellite data can be used to measure subsidence
estimation of abstraction rates from subsidence
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Estimation of Evapotranspiration
Two options:
use of a water uptake rate by plant/land cover type, then estimate for entire area
estimate from surface energy balance model, using incoming radiation and temperatures measured by thermal remote sensing
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How is the impact of influx of population on the environment?
How much natural resource are available for potential camps?
How is the change of vegetation in the context of vector-borne diseases?
How is the impact of land cover change on water availability?
Support of
Camp management Planning of health care
and epidemiology Planning of conservation
measures
Land Use
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Landuse change around camps
change of land use and land cover around camps between different time steps
combined interpretation and analysis of EO data, ancillary and in-situ data
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Vegetation change
change of vegetation between different time steps
vegetation gain, loss, decrease, increase and change todifferent vegetation types
aggregation to regular units
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How vulnerable are specific areas regarding natural disasters, conflicts or food shortage?
Support of
Planning and coordination of precaution measures
Vulnerability
© Reuters
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Vulnerability
identification of suitable indicators to assess vulnerability in an humanitarian and disaster context
combination of EO data, EO4HumEn+ products and socio-economic data
regular monitoring of key vulnerability factors
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For further information please contact
Dr Stefan Lang (Coordinator) [email protected] Riedler [email protected] Wendt [email protected]