Georgia Nonprofit Employment

Lester M. Salamon

Stephanie Lessans Geller

with the technical assistance of

S. Wojciech Sokolowski

A Joint Product of the Johns Hopkins Center for Civil SocietyStudies and the Georgia Center for Nonprofits

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Nonprofit Employment Bulletin Number 16

This report was prepared for the Georgia Center for Nonprofits by Lester M. Salamon and Stephanie Lessans Geller at theCenter for Civil Society Studies, Institute for Policy Studies, Johns Hopkins University.

Copyright © 2004, Lester M. SalamonAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of America

AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to Amy Knapp at the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics; Wojciech Sokolowski, Senior ResearchCoordinator; Mimi Bilzor, Communications Associate; and Claudine Holaska, Project Assistant, at The JohnsHopkins University.

Suggested CitationGeorgia Nonprofit Employment, by Lester M. Salamon and Stephanie Lessans Geller (Baltimore: Johns HopkinsCenter for Civil Society Studies, April 2004).

GEORGIANONPROFIT

EMPLOYMENT

A JOINT PRODUCT OF

THE JOHNS HOPKINS

CENTER FOR CIVIL

SOCIETY STUDIES

AND

THE GEORGIA CENTER

FOR NONPROFITS

LESTER M. SALAMON

AND

STEPHANIE LESSANS GELLER

WITH THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE OF

S. WOJCIECH SOKOLOWSKI

APRIL 2004

KEY FINDINGS

1. The nonprofit sector is a major economic force in Georgia,accounting for nearly one out of every 20 paid workers—more than six times as many people as the state’s paper andallied products industry (see page 4).

2. The 178,657 nonprofit employees in Georgia earned over$5.6 billion in wages in 2002, or 4.2 percent of the state’stotal (see page 4).

3. While nonprofit employment in Georgia is primarily concen-trated in the Atlanta metropolitan area, it is not restricted toany one region. To the contrary, nonprofit employmentaccounts for an even larger share of total employment insome areas outside of Atlanta—such as in the southeasternand southwestern regions of the state (see pages 4 and 5).

4. The bulk of nonprofit employment in the state (54 percent) isin the health services field, and another 21 percent is in edu-cational services (see page 5).

5. Although nonprofit average weekly wages overall are belowthose of for-profit workers, in industries in which nonprofitsand for-profits are both significantly involved, nonprofitaverage weekly wages generally outpace for-profit wages(see page 6).

INTRODUCTION

Nonprofit organizations contribute to the quality of life forall Georgia citizens through the health care, education, jobtraining, youth development, nursing home care, arts, cul-ture, and other services they provide, and through theopportunities they offer for democratic participation in thelife of Georgia communities. What is not widely appreci-ated, however, is that nonprofit organizations are also amajor force in the state’s economy, and in the economies ofall the state’s regions.

This report presents new information on the size, composi-tion, and distribution of paid employment in the privatenonprofit sector in Georgia as of the second quarter of2002. The report draws on data generated by the GeorgiaDepartment of Labor through the quarterly surveys ofGeorgia workplaces it carries out under the national ES-202 labor market information program administered by theU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics as part of the unemploy-ment insurance program. These data are compiled fromquarterly reports submitted by employers in compliancewith U.S. and Georgia law.

By law, all nonprofit places of employment with at leastfour employees are required to complete these quarterlysurveys and either be covered by the federal unemploy-ment insurance system or make other arrangements to pro-vide unemployment coverage to laid-off workers. The onemajor exclusion is religious congregations, which are notrequired to take part in the unemployment insurance sys-tem, although the significance of this exclusion is unknownas some religious organizations nevertheless elect to becovered by unemployment insurance.

For the purpose of this report, we have chosen to focus onthe “charitable” portion of the nonprofit sector. Thisincludes organizations registered with the U.S. InternalRevenue Service under Section 501(c)(3) of the InternalRevenue Code, which embraces private, not-for-profit hos-pitals, clinics, colleges, universities, elementary schools,social service agencies, day care centers, orchestras, muse-ums, theaters, environmental organizations, homeless shel-ters, soup kitchens, and many more.

For further information on the ES-202 data source, the def-inition of the nonprofit sector, and the method used here toextract data on nonprofit organizations from the GeorgiaES-202 records, see Appendix A.

3

Figure 1: Nonprofit share of total employment, Georgia vs. the nation

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based onGeorgia ES-202 data, and Census of Service Industries (1997).

DETAILED FINDINGS

I. A MAJOR ECONOMIC FORCE

The private nonprofit sector in Georgia, including privatehospitals, clinics, colleges, universities, schools, day carecenters, social service providers, museums, theaters, soupkitchens, and many more, is a major economic force in thestate.

Employment: Georgia’s private, nonprofit organizationsemployed 178,657 paid workers as of the second quarter of2002.

l This represents 4.6 percent of the total Georgia work-force, or one out of every 20 workers, and 5.5 percentof the private workforce, or one out of every 18 work-ers.

l Although, as shown in Figure 1, the nonprofit share oftotal employment in Georgia is below the U.S. average(4.6 percent vs. 7.2 percent), the Georgia nonprofit sec-tor still employs:

4.6%

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100

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140

160

180

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501 (c) (3)Organizations

StateGovernment

Textile MillProducts

Communications Food & KindredProducts

Paper & AlliedProducts

Nu

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Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based on Georgia ES-202 data.

Figure 2: Employment in Georgia nonprofit sector in comparison to selected Georgia industries, 2002

4

– More than six times as many people as the state’s paper and allied products industry (see Figure 2);

– Two and a half times as many people as the state’sfood and kindred products industry;

– More than twice as many workers as the state’stextile manufacturing industry and its communica-tions industry;

– Almost twenty-five percent more people thanGeorgia’s state government.

Payroll: The 178,657 nonprofit employees in Georgiaearned over $5.6 billion in wages in 2002.1

l Nonprofit organizations thus accounted for 4.2 percentof the state’s total payroll.

l Nonprofit payrolls equaled or exceeded those for:

– Paper and allied products manufacturing ($1.4 bil-lion);

– Food and kindred products manufacturing ($2.3billion);

– Textile manufacturing ($2.8 billion);

– Communications ($4.3 billion);

– State government ($4.7 billion).

II. STATEWIDE PRESENCE

While close to half of all nonprofit employment in Georgiais concentrated in the Atlanta metropolitan area, nonprof-its account for a significant share of total employmentthroughout the state.

l Similar to Georgia’s population, most (48 percent) ofthe state’s nonprofit employment is located in Region3, which includes the Atlanta Metropolitan StatisticalArea. Two counties within this region (Fulton and

1 All payroll data are annual estimates computed by multiplying second quarter data by 4. Actual annual payrolls may differ slightly due to seasonalvariations.2 In this report, regions refer to the 1999 legislated Service Delivery Regions. See www.dca.state.ga.us/regions/ for information about their bound-aries, demographics, and other key characteristics.

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based onGeorgia ES-202 data.

Figure 3: Distribution of nonprofit employment in Georgia, by region, 2002

DeKalb) account alone for 39 percent of the state’snonprofit employment (see Figure 3).2

l Still, the nonprofit share of total private employment inthis region is slightly below that for the state overall(5.2 percent vs. 5.5 percent, respectively).

l Measured as a share of total private employment, non-profit employment is most dense in Region 5, to theeast of Atlanta, where it accounts for over 12 percent ofprivate employment (see Figure 4). However, thisresult may be due in part to federal data disclosurerestrictions, which limit the data available on nonprof-it employment in ten counties in this region (seeAppendix B).

5

l Nonprofit organizations also account for considerableshares of total private employment in the southwesternand southeastern regions of the state, exceeding 10 per-cent in Region 7, 9 percent in Region 10, 8 percent inRegions 6 and 8, and 7 percent in Region 12. Again,the actual shares in these regions may differ from thosereported here due to the federal restrictions on data dis-closure.

l In some counties, nonprofit employment accounts foran even larger share of total private employment,reaching 16 percent in Ware county, 14 percent inSumter county, and 13 percent in both Clarke andThomas counties (see Appendix B).

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based onGeorgia ES-202 data.

Figure 4: Nonprofit share of total private employment in Georgia, by region, 2002

III. HEALTH DOMINANCE

Health organizations account for over half of Georgia’snonprofit jobs, but social service and education organiza-tions also account for significant shares (see Figure 5).

l Fifty-four percent of all nonprofit employment inGeorgia is in the health services field (close to 95,800jobs). These jobs include work in hospitals, nursingand personal care facilities, and clinics.

l Twenty-one percent of all nonprofit employment inGeorgia is in educational services (over 37,500 jobs),including elementary and secondary schools, colleges,and universities.

l Fourteen percent of all nonprofit jobs in Georgia are insocial services (over 25,000 jobs). This includesemployment in individual and family services, jobtraining and related services, child day care services,and residential care.

l Six percent of all nonprofit employment is in member-ship organizations (nearly 11,000 jobs) (seeAppendix C).

l As shown in Figure 6, the distribution of nonprofitemployment in Georgia is similar to the national aver-age, although Georgia has a larger share of nonprofitemployment in education and a smaller share in socialservices and health.

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based onGeorgia ES-202 data.

SocialServices

14%

Membership Organizations

6%

Other5%

HealthServices

54%

EducationalServices

21%

Figure 5: Distribution of Georgia nonprofit employment, by field, 2002

54%

21%

14%

2%6%

3% 2%6%4%

18%15%

55%

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10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Health Services EducationalServices

Social Services Culture andRecreation

MembershipOrganizations

Other

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6

IV. NONPROFIT WAGE RATES

Overall average weekly wages of nonprofit employees arehigher than those of local government employees but lowerthan those of for-profit and state government workers. Inindustries in which nonprofits and for-profits are signifi-cantly involved, however, average weekly wages for non-profit employees often exceed those of for-profit workers.

l At $610, nonprofit average weekly wages are 5 percenthigher than those of local government workers but 2percent below those of state government employeesand 10 percent below those of for-profit employees(see Figure 7).

l When we focus only on the industries in which bothnonprofits and for-profits are significantly involved,however, average weekly wages of nonprofit employ-ees are often actually higher than those of for-profitemployees. For example, as shown in Figure 8:

– Nonprofit home health care workers earn over 35percent more than their for-profit counterparts.

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based on Georgia ES-202 data.

Figure 6: Distribution of nonprofit employment, Georgia vs. the nation

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based onGeorgia ES-202 data.

$610

$679

$582

$625

$520

$540

$560

$580

$600

$620

$640

$660

$680

$700

Nonprofit For-profit LocalGovernment

StateGovernment

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Figure 7: Nonprofit, for-profit, and government average weekly wages in Georgia, 2002

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– In the social services field, nonprofit child day careworkers earn 26 percent more than their for-profitcounterparts, and nonprofit residential care work-ers earn 33 percent more.

– Similarly, in the educational services field, non-profit workers earn close to 14 percent more thanthose employed by for-profit entities.

3 The average weekly wage reported in the ES-202 survey data makes no adjustment for full-time or part-time work. Industries with a greater num-ber of part-time workers could appear to have lower average weekly wages than those with fewer part-time workers even if the actual pay rates areequal.

Figure 8: Comparative nonprofit and for-profit average weekly wages in selected industries in Georgia, 2002

$684

$537

$751

$445

$333

$426$388

$593

$438

$370$320

$264$304

$593

$414

$601

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

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Elementaryand

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Colleges andUniversities

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Services

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Nursing andPersonal

Care

Home HealthCare

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Nonprofit

For-profit

Source: Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project based on Georgia ES-202 data, and Census of Service Industries (1997).

l This nonprofit wage advantage may be a result ofa heavier use of part-time workers on the part offor-profit employers, which would pull down thefor-profit average, but it is not possible to deter-mine this from the available data.3

8

CONCLUSION

Throughout the state of Georgia, nonprofit organizationsserve citizens and communities, addressing issues of con-cern and improving the quality of life. Georgia’s nonprof-its range from hospitals to boys and girls clubs, from uni-versities to environmental groups, and from museums andtheaters to organizations working with the elderly, veter-ans, and the disabled.

But nonprofit organizations are not only vital to Georgiacommunities; they are also a major force in the state’seconomy and in the economies of the state’s regions.Regrettably, however, the economic significance of thenonprofit sector as a source of jobs and wages is not wellunderstood. As a result, this sector is often overlooked ineconomic development as well as in education and trainingefforts that could prove extremely beneficial to the sectorin the long term. The data presented in this report areintended to correct this situation, promote greater under-standing of the economic contributions and impact of thenonprofit sector, and demonstrate the immense stake thatGeorgia citizens consequently have in this sector’s contin-ued health.

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SOURCE OF DATA

The major source of employment and wage data for thisreport is the Covered Employment and Wages Program,commonly referred to as the ES-202 program, a coopera-tive initiative involving state employment security agen-cies and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The ES-202program produces a comprehensive tabulation of employ-ment and wage information for workers covered by stateunemployment insurance laws and federal workers coveredby the Unemployment Compensation for FederalEmployees Program. Data contained in this report repre-sent all employees covered by the UnemploymentInsurance Law of Georgia as well as federal workers cov-ered by the Unemployment Compensation of FederalEmployees Program. The data on state-insured workersare compiled from quarterly contribution reports submittedby employers subject to Georgia law. Employment datapertaining to the federal government are obtained fromsimilarly required reports submitted by the various govern-ment installations in Georgia.

SCOPE OF COVERAGE

The ES-202 program accounts for approximately 98 per-cent of all wage and salary civilian employment nationally(the program does not cover self-employed and familyworkers). The principal exclusions from the ES-202 dataset are employees of religious organizations, railroad work-ers, small-scale agriculture workers, domestic serviceworkers, crew members on small vessels, state and localgovernment elected officials, and insurance and real estateagents who receive payment solely by commission. Interms of nonprofit employment, the exclusion of religiousorganizations is the most significant; however, religiousorganizations may elect to be covered by the unemploy-ment insurance program and those that do are covered inthe data. At this time the level of noncoverage is unknown.

The number of employees is measured by the number offilled jobs for the pay period that includes the 12th day ofeach month as reported by the employer. Both part-timeand full-time employees are included in the data set. If a

person holds two jobs, that person would be counted twicein the data set. Wages include bonuses, stock options, thecash value of meals and lodging, and tips and other gratu-ities.

The employment data for nonprofit organizations wereidentified by matching the Federal Employer IdentificationNumbers (FEINs) of firms in the Georgia ES-202 systemwith the FEINs of firms that have registered with the IRSfor tax-exempt status. Georgia tax-exempt firms wereidentified using the Exempt Organization Master File(EOMF), which is a listing of all organizations exemptfrom taxation under section 501(c) of the Internal RevenueCode. The file is cumulative; information on new organi-zations is added to the file on an ongoing basis and aneffort is made to delete defunct organizations. The fileincludes the name, address, and zip code of the organiza-tion, the Federal Employer Identification Number, and theexact Internal Revenue Code subsection under which theorganization has claimed tax exemption. By matching theFEINs in the EOMF with those on the ES-202 data set, itis possible to identify all nonprofit entities in the state reg-istered with the IRS, including not only the 501(c)(3)s, theso-called “charitable” portion of the tax-exempt universe,but other types of tax-exempt organizations as well, such associal clubs, trade associations, and civic organizations.

For the purpose of this report, we have chosen to focus onthe “charitable” portion of the nonprofit sector. Thisincludes organizations registered with the U.S. InternalRevenue Service under Section 501(c)(3) of the InternalRevenue Code, which embraces private, not-for-profit hos-pitals, clinics, colleges, universities, elementary schools,social service agencies, day care centers, orchestras, muse-ums, theaters, homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and manymore. In addition to Section 501(c)(3), the InternalRevenue Code contains 25 other subsections under whichorganizations can claim exemption from federal incometaxation as nonprofit organizations. Section 501(c)(3) is byfar the most important of these, the one that covers the bulkof nonprofit organizations, and the one with the organiza-tions most commonly associated with the nonprofit sector.

APPENDIX A: THE ES-202 UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE LABOR MARKET

INFORMATION PROGRAM

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APPENDIX B: NONPROFIT EMPLOYMENT IN GEORGIA, BY REGION AND COUNTY,IN COMPARISON TO TOTAL PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT, 2002

Region County Nonprofit employment

501 (c)(3)Total privateemployment

Nonprofit employmentas a percent of totalprivate employment

Region 1 Bartow 222 27,035 0.82% Catoosa D NR NR Chattooga D NR NR Dade D NR NR Fannin D NR NR Floyd 3,313 33,579 9.87% Gilmer D NR NR Gordon 677 17,824 3.80% Haralson D NR NR Murray D NR NR Paulding D NR NR Pickens D NR NR Polk D NR NR Walker D NR NR Whitfield 1,968 56,075 3.51% Total 6,180 134,513 4.59% * Region 2 Banks D NR NR Dawson D NR NR Forsyth 558 32,847 1.70% Franklin D NR NR Habersham D NR NR Hall 5,053 55,852 9.05% Hart D NR NR Lumpkin D NR NR Rabun 281 4,837 5.80% Stephens D NR NR Towns D NR NR Union D NR NR White D NR NR Total 5,892 93,536 6.30% * Region 3 Cherokee 979 31,285 3.13% Clayton 3,106 98,305 3.16% Cobb 4,209 269,822 1.56% DeKalb 30,698 255,693 12.01% Douglas 664 27,738 2.40% Fayette 284 30,804 0.92% Fulton 38,186 644,470 5.93% Gwinnett 6,256 268,784 2.33% Henry 1,541 30,109 5.12% Rockdale D NR NR Total 85,924 1,657,009 5.19% * Region 4 Butts D NR NR Carroll 1,757 25,414 6.91% Coweta 1,086 23,577 4.61% Heard D NR NR Lamar D NR NR Meriwether D NR NR Pike D NR NR

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Region County Nonprofit employment

501 (c)(3)Total privateemployment

Nonprofit employmentas a percent of totalprivate employment

Spalding 359 18,734 1.91% Troup 963 26,657 3.61% Upson D NR NR Total 4,165 94,382 4.41% * Region 5 Barrow D NR NR Clarke 5,732 43,803 13.09% Elbert D NR NR Greene D NR NR Jackson D NR NR Jasper D NR NR Madison D NR NR Morgan D NR NR Newton D NR NR Oconee 374 5,683 6.59% Oglethorpe D NR NR Walton D NR NR Total 6,107 49,486 12.34% * Region 6 Baldwin 904 11,780 7.67% Bibb 7,835 75,214 10.42% Crawford D NR NR Houston 941 27,609 3.41% Jones D NR NR Monroe D NR NR Peach 168 6,199 2.71% Pulaski D NR NR Putnam D NR NR Twiggs D NR NR Wilkinson D NR NR Total 9,848 120,802 8.15% * Region 7 Burke D NR NR Columbia 716 17,831 4.01% Glascock D NR NR Hancock D NR NR Jefferson D NR NR Jenkins D NR NR Lincoln D NR NR McDuffie D NR NR Richmond 9,368 80,201 11.68% Screven D NR NR Taliaferro D NR NR Warren D NR NR Washington D NR NR Wilkes D NR NR Total 10,084 98,032 10.29% * Region 8 Chattahoochee D NR NR Clay D NR NR Crisp 734 6,861 10.70% Dooly D NR NR Harris D NR NR Macon D NR NR Marion D NR NR

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Region County Nonprofit employment

501 (c)(3)Total privateemployment

Nonprofit employmentas a percent of totalprivate employment

Muscogee 5,670 78,286 7.24% Quitman D NR NR Randolph D NR NR Schley D NR NR Stewart D NR NR Sumter 1,436 10,622 13.52% Talbot D NR NR Taylor D NR NR Webster D NR NR Total 7,841 95,770 8.19% * Region 9 Appling D NR NR Bleckley D NR NR Candler D NR NR Dodge D NR NR Emanuel 230 5,335 4.32% Evans D NR NR Jeff Davis D NR NR Johnson D NR NR Laurens 426 15,852 2.69% Montgomery D NR NR Tattnall D NR NR Telfair D NR NR Toombs 878 8,838 9.93% Treutlen D NR NR Wayne D NR NR Wheeler D NR NR Wilcox D NR NR Total 1,534 30,025 5.11% * Region 10 Baker D NR NR Calhoun D NR NR Colquitt 308 11,216 2.75% Decatur D NR NR Dougherty 4,211 42,158 9.99% Early D NR NR Grady D NR NR Lee D NR NR Miller D NR NR Mitchell 440 6,918 6.36% Seminole D NR NR Terrell D NR NR Thomas 2,391 18,244 13.11% Worth D NR NR Total 7,350 78,537 9.36% * Region 11 Atkinson D NR NR Bacon D NR NR Ben Hill D NR NR Berrien D NR NR Brantley D NR NR Brooks D NR NR Charlton D NR NR Clinch D NR NR Coffee D NR NR

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Region County Nonprofit employment

501 (c)(3)Total privateemployment

Nonprofit employmentas a percent of totalprivate employment

Cook D NR NR Echols D NR NR Irwin D NR NR Lanier D NR NR Lowndes 743 34,581 2.15% Pierce D NR NR Tift 182 15,998 1.14% Turner D NR NR Ware 1,905 11,797 16.15% Total 2,831 62,376 4.54% * Region 12 Bryan D NR NR Bulloch 257 15,624 1.64% Camden D NR NR Chatham 12,000 107,727 11.14% Effingham D NR NR Glynn 786 29,604 2.65% Liberty 172 8,365 2.05% Long D NR NR McIntosh D NR NR Total 13,214 161,320 8.19% * Grand Total for State 178,657 3,234,639 5.5%

[D] Data unavailable because of federal restrictions of disclosure of data that can identify individual establishments. The total nonprofit employmentin the counties with such disclosure restrictions is 23,580, or 3.6% of total private employment.

[NR] Not reported due to unavailability of data on nonprofit employment in this county.

* These figures may be slightly higher than the actual shares because they do not include data on nonprofit employment for counties for which suchdata are unavailable due to federal disclosure restrictions.

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APPENDIX C: DISTRIBUTION OF NONPROFIT EMPLOYMENT IN GEORGIA,BY INDUSTRY, 2002

SIC codes4 Industry Type of organizations

Number of nonprofit employees

Percent of total nonprofit

employment

80 Health Services Hospitals, nursing and personal care facilities, home health care organizations

95,766 53.6%

81 Legal Services Legal aid clinics, conflict resolution programs

265 0.1%

82 Educational Services

Private colleges and universities, elementary and secondary schools

37,507 21.0%

83 Social Services Child day care services, residential care, job training and related services, individual and family services

25,020 14.0%

79, 84 Culture and Recreation

Museums, theaters, art galleries, orchestras, membership sport and recreation clubs, amateur sports clubs, day camps

3,913 2.2%

86 Membership Organizations

Business associations, professional associations, neighborhood associations, social clubs, hiking clubs, environmental organizations

10,977 6.1%

All other Other Research, development, and testing firms; printing and publishing firms; religious, educational, and charitable trusts, and others

5,209 2.9%

Total 178,657 100.0%

4 SIC codes are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 1987).

The Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Employment Data Project

The Nonprofit Employment Data (NED) Project is utilizing a previously untapped source of up-to-date data to

shed new light on nonprofit employment and wages in the U.S. and to chart the relationship among nonprofit, for-

profit, and government employment both nationally and locally. To do so, the project is drawing on data compiled

as part of the U.S. Unemployment Insurance program. A collaboration between the Center for Civil Society Studies

and state employment security agencies, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and state nonprofit associations, the

NED Project is yielding a vital new resource for understanding the nonprofit sector.

The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies

The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies seeks to improve understanding and the effective functioning of

not-for-profit, philanthropic, or “civil society” organizations in the United States and throughout the world in order

to enhance the contribution these organizations can make to democracy and the quality of human life. The Center

is part of the Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies and carries out its work through a combination of research,

training, and information-sharing both domestically and internationally.

The Georgia Center for Nonprofits

An all-in-one resource for and about Georgia’s nonprofit sector, the Georgia Center for Nonprofits works to serve,

strengthen, and support nonprofit organizations statewide. The Center provides nonprofits with the resources and

tools they need to be most effective; promotes partnerships between nonprofits and foundations, businesses, and

government to meet critical needs; and helps state and local policymakers and the public understand and support the

work of nonprofits.

Center for Civil Society Studies Institute for Policy Studies

The Johns Hopkins University3400 N. Charles St.

Wyman Park Bldg., 5th FloorBaltimore, MD 21218-2688, USA

Phone: 410-516-4327Fax: 410-516-7818

E-mail: sgeller@jhu.eduWeb site: www.jhu.edu/ccss

Georgia Center for Nonprofits50 Hurt Plaza SE

Suite 845Atlanta, GA 30303

Phone: 678-916-3000Phone: 800-959-5015

Fax: 404-521-0487Email: info@gcn.org

Web site: www.gcn.org