geopolitic by group 9

8/9/2019 geopolitic by group 9

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Indonesian GeopoliticsGroup 9

Suad-Nadia-Aniessa-Syakirah-Adilah


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Introduction People and places cant be separated. In order to strive for the place, it often creates

conflicts between individual, family, society or

even the nation.

Geopolitical theories arising from efforts to

create a border area known as the nations

boundary.

Geopolitical insight varies in each nationdepends on history, lifestyle, ideology, culture,

geography.


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Indonesian Geopolitics

Known as Arpchipelago Insight

(Wawasan Nusantara because:

RI itself is an archipelago.

Located between two continence (Asia &

Australia) and two ocean (India & Pacific)

nusa di antara laut/air (NUSANTARA).

Located at Khatulistiwa and cross byGeostationary Satellite Orbit.


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Geopolitics TheoryGeopolitics Theory

Knowledge about the significant criteria of the

nation (e.g; area, shape, location, climate,

natural resources)

Plays role in establishment of National Insight


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Geopolitics ExpertsGeopolitics Experts


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INDONESIA in UUD 1945INDONESIA in UUD 1945 The boundaries of the nation is certified

internationally.

Each nation is equal, obligate to maintain the

world peace. The strength of the nation to protect the

existence and the harmony of it people.

4 elements to consider in order to serve as

basic doctrine:Area Conception, Frontier conception, Political

Conception, Country peacefulness conception


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National Insight


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Archipelago Insight

Archipelago was originally interpreted as an

acronym from the homeland of the water/sea, is

now interpreted as a reference to the entire

Indonesian archipelago (KBBI, 2002: 789).

Defined as the point of view and attitude of the

Indonesian people about themselves which isdiversity, and geographical environment that

intangible island nation based on Pancasila and

the Constitution in 1945.


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Features of Archipelago Insight

Archipelagos face as national perspectives that

underlie the conception of national security.

focus on military strength than the other forces that exist

in the life of a nation.

Archipelagos in the National Development

Embodiment of the Archipelago Islands as One Unit

PoliticalEmbodiment of the Archipelago Islands as One Unit

Economic

Embodiment of the Archipelago Islands as One Unit

Social and CulturalAs an embodiment of the Archi ela o Islands One Unit


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Archipelagos as a country's defense and

security insightunification of nation by if there is a threat on a part of

province or anywhere in this country is a threat to theall Indonesia

all citizen have equal right and obligation to defense

and secure this country from all threat

Archipelagos as a territorial insightas a existence of a country to know its territory and

border.

to prevent conflict between neighboring country


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Djuanda Declaration

Contents of the declaration are:method in the pulling the territorial ocean border is not

based on low waterline anymore but straight base linesystem with point to point theory

specification of width ocean territory from 3 mil to 12 milocean

Reaction because of this declarationASEAN country including Australia and timor leste

fishing industry country

maritime country

big maritime country - in achieving global strategy goal

reaction from the people


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Geopolitics and Territorial Law

Technological advances maritime (shipping and

ports), the Dutch and English, and the

orientation of world commodity trade (Simbolon,

1995). After the Crusades to the end of the age of

enlightenment (Renaissance), a practical sea

belongs to Spain and Portugal,

The part final enlightenment (rainaissance),

Dutch and English maritime technology exceed

Spain and Portugal.

The law is determined by the polemic of Dutch


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Sea Natural Law

Free, independent and moving relatively

stable ad not easily break

Flat and open, cannot be used hidden

Can not be absolutely ruled (can not be

marked)

Media for various kinds of conveyances,

especially the large volume

Sea Law Philosophy: Res Nullius & Res

Communis


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Geostationary Satellite Orbit (GSO)

GSO to place acommunications satellite for

the satellite located at fixed

positions in the sky to the

earth. GSO only within the scope of the

equator, the GSO field in equatorial

countries

Limited size is the thickness + 30 km

width 150 km

Satellites in orbit around the Earthfrom west to east with an orbital

period of 24hours (23hours, 56

minutes, 4seconds)

Indonesia 6 110 km length of

the equator, Indonesia GSO 9

997 km and GSO


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GEOPOLITICS AND REGIONALS AUTONOMY

Provinces will then administered by:

Public decentralization service:

Power sharing (formal and materialisticautonomy: function to make the publicservice easier)

the output: to fulfil public goods and

regulation Deconcentration Types:

-Functional (regional office/kandep)

-Integration (district leader)


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Regional Distribution

Republic ofIndonesia

ProvincesRegency

(Kabupaten)Town

Provinces leader authority at borderlines of the

sea encloses 12 miles from the waterfront of the

shore (pasal 18, ayat 4, UU No.32/2004).

Globas Parados (Naisbit, 1987:55): the splitting

of the country due to the enfoldment of provinces

which affect the cultures of the society.


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Authority Distribution (UU No.32/2004 ;

Provinces Administration)

Governments AuthorityObligatory Provinces

Government Authority

Regency(Kabupaten) and

Town GovernmentAuthority

District Officers Authority

in managing the natureand marine sources


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Sources of Acceptance

Decentralization Implementation

Regionals native income

Regional tax

Regional retribution

Outcome of natural regional administration

Others legal regionals native income

Regional Balanced Fund

Fund from the tax and natural sources

General allocation fund

Specific allocation fund

Regional loan: the act of borrowing funds from other

regency or provinces through central administration by

the approval of DPR.

Other le al acce tances includin emer enc fund


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Frontier Regions

Definition: as the hinterland regions, which are

stated at the border of the country

which divides each neighbouringcountries and are being signified by

the international agreement.

Interdependency:Economic propulsion

Sociocultural propulsion

Politics propulsion


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Regional lay-out Planning

Rencana tataruang wilayah

(RTRW)

UU 2004; RTRWshould be

reobserve asonly 50% of

regions and

towns becomePerda

CHANGES: should cover thestandardization of regional matters

as well as the management ofarchipelagos distribution

Not just orientedon continentals

but also covers

the citizensproblems


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Registration of Maritimes Regions (Marine

Cadastre)

Data Mabes TNI, 2005 : 17 504 islands

(5 703 named islands , 11 801 unnamed islands)

This contributes to unclear national documentations on the

archipelago

position ofMarine Cadastre :

The inventory of islands and its configurations,

coordinates, and natural sources are

well accounted.

Benefits of Marine Cadastre:

The rights of islands can be claim from the illegal

inhibition of others.

The loss of unknown islands can be reduced.

The authority of autonomy regions is well given to avoid


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Efforts done to face Geopolitics and Geostrategies

of neighbouring countries

More aware of silent occupation and increase the quality of maritimes.

Australian Maritime identification Zone (AMIZ) : identify all of the

unknown islands

Malaysia and Singapore: aware of five power defence agreement.

The visits of presidents and their representatives at borderlines: increasethe national spirits among society.

ASEA

and

Australia

Increase the competency of fishermen at shore and offshore with

great navigations skills.

Good development at shore regions.

Fishermen could help in monitoring the sea from pollutions, pirates,

and navigations devices.

Fishery

Still refusing the addition of ALKI by International Maritime

Organization because of the contra productivity(high sea) that mighthappen.

ALKI should be intensively introduced to Indonesias maritimes.

aval fleet


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Thank You

geopolitic by group 9

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