GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES: THE GRANITIC BRIDGES OVER THE GUADARRAMA RIVER (MADRID, SPAIN) AND THE CALCARENITIC TOWERS FROM

THE SALENTO (ITALY).

M. Alvarez de BuergoE.M. Perez-MonserratM.J. VarasR. FortM.C. Vazquez-Calvo

Instituto de Geología Económica IGESpanish National Research Council CSIC–Complutense University of Madrid UCM. Madrid, Spain

N. MasiniA. CaliaM.T. GiannottaG. QuartaM. Danese

Istituto per i Beni Archeologici e Monumentali IBAM (CNR)Italian National Research Council (CNR). Lecce, Italy

1.1. WHAT IS A GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTE ?WHAT IS A GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTE ?

2.2. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSALMETHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL

3.3. INSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXTINSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT

4.4. SPANISH AND ITALIAN GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTESSPANISH AND ITALIAN GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES

1. WHAT IS A GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTE ? (a)1. WHAT IS A GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTE ? (a)

• New way of disseminating built heritage based on the geologi cal materials

• Novel proposal to increase knowledge, transfer and pres ervation of the

architectural legacy from a social and scientific perspe ctive

MAIN ASPECTS INVOLVED

Geology Stone materials Built heritage

2. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL (a)2. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL (a)

Genesis and properties

Decay

Causes of decay

Interventions

First part: general common aspectsExtractive techniques

ITINERARY DEVELOPMENT

HISTORICAL CENTRES

ARCHITECTURAL COMPLEXMONUMENT - BUILDING THEMATIC ROUTES

Architectural type

Building materials

Constructive period

Constructive history

Geological materials

Quarries and provenance

Historical routes

Decay

Restoration interventions

2. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL (b)2. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL (b)

Second part: particular aspects

GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES ATLAS

Architect

GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES?

Cultural Routes Programme (1987)

COUNCIL OF EUROPE

Atlas of Cultural Routes (1998)

3. INSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT (a)3. INSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT (a)

EUROPE European institutional Cultural Route s

ICOMOS (CIIC)

Heritage Route (1994)

UNESCO

Sustainable tourism strategies

Unesco Chair ofCultural Tourism

Thematic itineraries

HERITAGE SECTION from R&DMADRID´S website (madrimasd)

INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY (CSIC-UCM)

GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES

Geological urban itineraries with educational purposesSPAIN

REGION OF MADRID Geological urban itineraries show geologicalmaterials used in the built cultural heritage

3. INSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT (b)3. INSTITUTIONAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT (b)

www.madrimasd.org/cienciaysociedad/patrimonio/rutas

Single building

Architecturalcomplex

Quarries itinerary

Materials itinerary

Architect

Palace of the prince Luis de Borbón, Boadilla del Monte

Loeches’ Monumental complex

Nuevo Baztan’s Monumental complex

Traditional building stone used in thebuilt heritage of Madrid

Historical Quarries in Madrid

Pantheon of Illustrious Men

City wall of Talamanca de Jarama

Route of the architect Fernando Arbós

WEEK OF THE SCIENCE 8WEEK OF THE SCIENCE 8 thth ed. ed. NovemberNovember 20082008

FormerlyFormerly MaudesMaudes HospitalHospital

THE GRANITIC BRIDGES OVER THE GUADARRAMA RIVER (MADRID, SPAIN) AND THE CALCARENITIC TOWERS FROM THE SALENTO (ITALY).

MadridSalento

The Italian route is located in Salentine Penisula in the Southern Italy: it is the route of the coastal towers built in the 16th century

with calcarenitic stones that outcrop along the Salento coast

All the studied towers were built with soft and highly porous calcarenites (GravinaCalcarenites), which widely outcrop in the peninsula of the Salento. They belong to the

“Depositi Marni Terrazzati” (Pliocene-Pleistocene).

C. S. M. di Leuca

Castro

Otranto

Gallipoli

Brindisi

Lecce

T. OvoP. CesareoMad.

d’Alto mareNardò

Oria

Rudiae Cavallino

Mesagne

Manduria

Li castelli

Ugento

Alezio Vaste

Muro Leccese

Soleto

Taranto

Ceglie Messapica

Egnazia

T. S. Sabina

Marina Serra

T. Miggiano

Campomarino

This study

Other studies

Sabbie, limie argille limose con livelli calcarenitici. Pleistocene sup.-medio

Calcareniti a grana medio-grossolana, tenaci o friabili, e calcari organogeni. Pleistocene e/o Pliocene

Calcareniti organogene tenere e porose a grana fine di colore variabile dal bianco al giallo paglierino. Miocene

Calcari organogeni compatti e calcareniti friabili. Oigocene-Paleogene

Calcari compatti di colore variabile dal bianco al grigio al nocciola, in grossebancate associati a calciruditi e calcareniti. Cretaceo

LEGENDA

The calcarenites are widely used as building materials in whole the region from ancient times until the modern day. Indeed, these stones were widely employed also in many sites and archaeological artifacts

MARINA SERRA

The calcarenites are widely used as building materials in whole the region from ancient times until the modern day. Indeed, these stones were widely employed also in many sites and archaeological artifacts

The calcarenites of the MARINA SERRA quarry have yellowish-greysh colour, homogeneous texture and medium-coarse grain size. They are poorly compacted, fairly cemented and macroscopically identifiable.

The samples from the PORTO MIGGIANO quarry are medium and fine-grained, very poorly cemented with microsparitic calcite which is present mainly on the border of the grains

Thin section Marina Serra quarry

Thin section Porto Miggiano quarry Pore size distribution

Northern Façade of Marina Serra Tower

Representative map of the decay

Spanish route: Ancient granitic bridges over the Guadarra ma river, Madrid

RETAMAR

HERRERA

ALCANZORLA

HERREÑO

GUADARRAMA

Spanish route: Ancient granitic bridges over the Guadarra ma river, Madrid

Retamar (18th c)

Herrera (18th c)

Alcanzorla (Roman)

Herreño (16th c)

Guadarrama (18th c)

1. They show the geological materials used in the built her itage, their

behaviour and how to preserve them.

2. They are a novel methodology, which is absent at an in stitutional level,

suitable for information transfer and sientific dissemin ation.

3. They allow the knowledge of less popular and known herita ge, but with

inestimable value.

4. They show the citizens and society how science and techn ology

contribute to the preservation of heritage legacy.

5. They imply a high touristic potential under the term of Ge otourism.

WHY GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES? (WHY GEOMONUMENTAL ROUTES? ( ConclusionsConclusions ))

THANK YOU!!!