Geologic Time Lecture
-
Upload
terri-kelsey -
Category
Technology
-
view
3.840 -
download
1
Transcript of Geologic Time Lecture
![Page 1: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Geologic TimeGeologic Time
Chapters:Chapters:
22,23,2422,23,24
![Page 2: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Earth’s BeginningsEarth’s Beginnings
• 4.6 billion years ago– Collection of iron and gasses formed– Rotation of cloud caused planet to form
• Settling of iron to core
– Early atmosphere formed• Water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Modern atmosphere Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (1%)
![Page 3: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Theories of Earth ScienceTheories of Earth Science
• Uniformitarianism- Hutton- Small changes over a very long time.– Examples:
• Catastrophism- Large changes over small periods of time.– Examples:
![Page 4: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MeteoritesMeteorites
• Crater Map
• Visual of crater
![Page 5: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Geologic Time ScaleGeologic Time Scale
• Record of Earth’s History
• Eons- largest subdivision
• Eras- major subdivision
• Periods- Smallest divisions- made by types of life & geologic events.
![Page 6: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Geologic Time Scale Con’tGeologic Time Scale Con’t
• Epochs- smallest subdivision- – Only found in
Cenozoic– Why???
• What is our Eon, Era, Period and Epoch now??
![Page 7: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pre- Cambrian TimePre- Cambrian Time
• Oldest and Longest Time Period
• Almost 90% of Earth’s History
• From beginning of Earth (4.6 billion years ago) to 540 Million years ago
• Oldest rocks are the deepest rocks
• Ores are deposited (iron, silver, gold)
![Page 8: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pre-Cambrian Con’tPre-Cambrian Con’t
• Atmosphere develops oxygen– How?
• Chemical reactions--- at least started process• Cyanobacteria
– Earliest life– Small (microscopic) blue-green algae– Not even a plant yet– Stromolites are their fossils
– Mass Extinction- Most of life dies (planets change) “an unusually large amount of species die in a short time
![Page 9: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Phanerzoic Eon, Paleozoic EraPhanerzoic Eon, Paleozoic Era
• Paleo- (Latin) ancient; -zoic (Latin) animals/ life
• Hard shelled animals appear• Pangea formed• Plants begin to grow on land• “Age of Fish” large fish populate oceans• Amphibians (frogs) go to land• Insects appear
![Page 10: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Paleozoic Con’tPaleozoic Con’t
• Pennsylvanian Period- very large swamps which later become coal
• Appalachian Mountains Form
![Page 11: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mesozoic EraMesozoic Era
• Meso- “middle” -zoic “animals/life”
• Breakup of Pangea• Age of Reptiles-
dinosaurs and reptiles rule planet
• Rocky Mountains form
![Page 12: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mass ExtinctionMass Extinction
• Dinosaurs are killed by meteorite
• Animals and plants change
• 90% of all species that have ever lived are now extinct
![Page 13: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cenozoic EraCenozoic Era
• Ceno- “new”; -zoic “life”
• Last 45 million years
• Age of Mammals- Humans evolve
• Ice Ages
• Flowering Plants
• Colorado Plateau and Sierra Nevada Mountains formed
![Page 14: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Organic EvolutionOrganic Evolution
• Changes in the environment lead to changes in organisms
• Natural Selection- Certain traits make living in an environment easier
• Changes in Environment– Pangea moving→ climate → plants →animals
![Page 15: Geologic Time Lecture](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051211/55508de2b4c905a85c8b4f09/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ExtinctionsExtinctions
• Species dies no more living organisms
• Cause each major divide in time scale
• Dinosaurs- meteor, change in plants