Geography of the Arabian Peninsula The Four Geographic Regions of the Arabian Peninsula The Desert...
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Transcript of Geography of the Arabian Peninsula The Four Geographic Regions of the Arabian Peninsula The Desert...
Geography of the Arabian Peninsula
The Four Geographic Regions of the Arabian
Peninsula
• The Desert• Oases• Coastal Plain• Mountains
The Desert
The Desert• The desert
climate is extreme.
• Rainfall is less than 10 inches per
year.
The Desert• Summer
temperatures can exceed 120 degrees in the
shade.
• Winter temperatures
can drop below freezing.
• Extremes prevent the
development of a solid cover of
vegetation.
• Winds create dunes reaching 500 feet high.
The Desert
The Desert• Arabian deserts
contain wells of salty water, low
shrubs, and clumps of tough
grass.
• This provides good grazing for camels,
sheep, goats, and jackrabbits.
• Most of the land of the
Arabian peninsula is
desert.
• This provides a natural barrier from foreign
conquest.
The Desert
An Oasis
An Oasis• An oasis is a
fertile place in the desert
where a spring or a
well provides a
water supply.
An Oasis• Main source of life-giving water
and green pastures for camel
herds and other grazing animals.
• Nomads travel from oasis to oasis seeking pastures
for camels to graze.
An Oasis• Vegetation in
oases consisted of date palms, orchard and
ground crops such as myrrh and frankincense.
• Spices were used for religious,
medicinal, sanitary and cosmetic
purposes.
Oases• Also became trading centers.
• Nomads bought camel meat and milk.
• Also traded were spices,
perfumes, precious
metals, ivory and silk.
•Another thing that was traded
was ideas.
Coastal Plain
Coastal Plain• A coastal plain is level
land extending
along a coast.
• It separates a plateau from
the sea.
Coastal Plain• The coastal plain of the
Arabian Peninsula is more humid
than the interior due
to its proximity to
the sea.
A City on the Coastal Plain• The Arabian Peninsula has a few
deep harbors to encourage seafaring but not one river to provide interior
transport and communication.
People of the Coastal Plain• People living
on the coastal plain became
effective traders.
• Most of the trading cities are located along the
coastal plain.
• The coastal plain of Arabia has one major
advantage over the other
geographical areas: RICH
AGRICULTURE.
• This region contains most of
the cultivated land of
the peninsula.
Advantages of the Coastal Plain
• Crops included: coffee, grains,
and fruits.
• This cultivation, along with
trading, allowed people to develop complex
civilizations.
Advantages of the Coastal Plain
Mountains
Mountains
• Mountains stretch
along the coast of the
Arabian Peninsula about 50
miles from the sea.
Mountains
• This causes the climate to be different from
the interior basin.
•During the rainy season, flash
floods are common.
A Mountain Settlement in Yemen• Annual rainfall
is 20-30 inches.
• Farmers created banks of earth called
terraces to irrigate crops.
• They fertilized with manure
and ashes from cooking fires.
A Mountain Settlement in Yemen
• This system
of farming produced a number of crops such as dates
and oranges.
A Mountain Settlement in Yemen
• Mountains tend to seal
people off from the desert and
beyond.
• People of the mountains can maintain their
culture and traditions.
A Mountain Settlement in Yemen
• Today, homes built of mud
brick are decorated with bands of color.
• This is a tradition from ancient times.
A Mountain Settlement in Yemen
The end?
Geography of the Arabian Peninsula
• Assignment :• Draw a picture and label each of the four
types of geography of the Arabian Peninsula: Desert, Oases,Coastal Plain, and Mountains
• Write one sentence about each and color