Geography: Placing it Space & Place

Uttam LalD e p a r t m e n t o f G e o g r a p h y

S i k k i m U n i v e r s i t y

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NCERT, Shillong/5/12/2016

Geography: Science of Flow

• Everchanging Tapestry of landscapes & Movements

• Place- Movement of People, Goods & Ideas

• Interdependencies between Places

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District/State No. of Households

Population Sex Ratio

Literacy Rate

Total Male Female

North District 8873 43709 767 78.01 83.30 70.97

West District 28023 136435 942 77.39 83.53 70.86

South District 30543 146850 915 81.42 86.52 75.82

East District 61567 283583 873 83.85 88.47 78.50

SIKKIM 129006 610577 890 81.42 86.55 75.61

Source: Census of India, 2011

Population characteristics of the districts

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District/State Bhutia Lepcha Limboo Tamang Total Scheduled Tribe Population

North District

7,971(27.76)

13,748(47.88)

4,543(15.82)

2,118(7.38)

28,715

West District 13,779(23.83)

9,775(16.91)

27,622(47.77)

6,072(10.50)

57,817

South district 13,805(33.35)

6,959(16.81)

9,625(23.25)

10,230(24.71)

41,392

East District 34,043(43.40)

12,427(15.84)

11,913(15.19)

19,276(24.58)

78,436

SIKKIM 69,598(33.73)

42,909(20.79)

53,703(26.02)

37,696(18.27)

2,06,360

Population Distribution of Individual Tribes, 2011

Source: Census of India, 2011

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Working status of population

• Main Workers constitute 37.73 percent of the total population

• In rural areas, work participation rate (WPR) among the females was 40.60 as against 57.69 among the males.

• In urban areas, WPR among the females was 21.67 against 55.51 among the males

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• Women supplied labour to BRO for constructing roads

• Worked in the agricultural fields• Worked as vendors to support and

supplement the family income

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Culti Ag Lab

Plantation,Livestock,Forestry,

Mining & Quarrying HHINon HHI

Electricity, Gas and Water Suppl

Construction

Wholesale and Retail Trade

Hotels and Restaurants

Transport, Storage and Communications

J – Financial Intermediation; K – Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

Public Admin., Defence, Education;Health etc.0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

Percentage Distribution of Main Workers in Sikkim

MaleFemale

Perc

ent

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Culti; 46.13

Ag Lab; 4.59Plantation,Livestock,Forestry,; 2.85Mining & Quarrying; 0.40HHI; 1.73Non HHI; 2.91

Electricity, Gas and Water

Suppl; 2.77

Construction; 6.80

Wholesale and Retail Trade;

3.62

Hotels and Restaurants;

0.51

Transport, Storage and Communic-ations; 3.47

J – Financial Intermedi-

ation; K – Real Estate, Rent -ing and Busi-

ness Activities; 1.45

Public Admin., Defence, Edu-cation;Health

etc.; 22.77

Percentage of Rural Male main workers

Culti, 67.79

Ag Lab, 5.07

Planta-tion,Livestock,Forestry,, 3.17

Mining & Quarry-ing, 0.50

HHI, 1.10

Non HHI, 0.96

Electri-city, Gas and Wa-

ter Suppl, 0.93

Con-struction,

2.79

Wholesale and Retail

Trade, 2.48

Hotels and Res-taurants,

0.49

J – Finan-cial In-

termedi-ation; K –

Real Es-tate, Rent -

ing and Business

Activities, 1.18

Public Admin., Defence, Educa-

tion;Health etc., 13.22

Percentage of Rural Female main workers

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CultiAg Lab

Plantation,Livestock,Forestry,

Mining & Quarrying HHINon HHI

Electricity, Gas and Water Suppl

Construction

Wholesale and Retail Trade

Hotels and Restaurants

Transport, Storage and Communications

J – Financial Intermediation; K – Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

Public Admin., Defence, Education;Health etc.

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.000.

18

0.18 1.48

0.46 1.10

7.67

2.16

7.85

22.9

0

5.17 8.

55

4.60

37.7

2

0.33

0.24 2.

28

0.63 1.21 3.

08

1.86 3.16

9.04

4.08

1.71 6.

41

65.9

7

Percentage of Urban Main Workers

MaleFemale

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Some concluding remarks

• The presence of women in the domain of paid work is significantly lower than that of male. Unexpectedly, it is more striking in urban areas than in rural areas.

• In rural areas, about three-fourth of the female main workers are concentrated in primary sector where the economic returns relatively much lower. The silver lining is that about 15 percent of FMR are in tertiary sector

• In urban areas, the female work participation rate is comparatively much lower. A very large majority of female workers in urban areas is concentrated in service sector.

• Both the horizontal and vertical mobility among the women in the domain of work appears to be limited.

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Climate :• Sub-Tropical Humid (upto 1500 meters)• Semi- Temperate (1500-2000 meters)• Temperate (2000-3000 meters)• Alpine Snow Forest (3000 to 4000 meters)• Alpine Meadow (4000 to 6000 meters)• Arctic (6000 & above)

Rainfall ( Average annual)Souuth -220cmsWest- 250 cmsEast-357cmsNorth-330cms