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![Page 1: Geography 59 Synthesizing ideas Guides available on class site Map Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains) June 7, 2007.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032517/56649c915503460f9494b6a4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Geography 59Synthesizing ideas
Guides available on class siteMap Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains)
June 7, 2007
![Page 2: Geography 59 Synthesizing ideas Guides available on class site Map Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains) June 7, 2007.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032517/56649c915503460f9494b6a4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Types of maps covered
● Reference Maps– Scientific publications (regions)– Navigation– Roadmaps
● Thematic Maps– Choropleth Map– Dasymetric Map– Dot Map– Proportional Symbol Maps
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Reference Maps
● Day-to-day usage● Not data intensitive● May be produced in drawing programs● Best with reliable basemap (not a derived
basemap)● Sometimes it is hard to get a basemap● Case-by-case exceptions are ok.
![Page 4: Geography 59 Synthesizing ideas Guides available on class site Map Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains) June 7, 2007.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032517/56649c915503460f9494b6a4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Thematic Maps: Choropleth
![Page 5: Geography 59 Synthesizing ideas Guides available on class site Map Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains) June 7, 2007.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032517/56649c915503460f9494b6a4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Thematic Maps: Dasymetric
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Thematic Maps: Dot Map
Dr. John Snow's Cholera Map (1854)Dot rep. disease occurrenceX rep water pump Above: Cropland harvested (1949)
Below: Cell phone tower placement
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Thematic Maps: Proportional Symbol Maps
![Page 8: Geography 59 Synthesizing ideas Guides available on class site Map Critique Exercise (in-class) Work on Lab 5 (if time remains) June 7, 2007.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032517/56649c915503460f9494b6a4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Thematic Maps: Flow Map
Illustratrates movement, flow, load – this shows telecommunication patterns
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Map Elements - Review
● Neatline/Frameline – same or separate?● Title, Sub-title – Think about type placement.● Legend/Key to symbols – when is it important?● Scale – do you always need this?● Orientation (North Arrow)● Source of data (if needed)● Accompanying text – do you need it? Time?● Author, Date prepared
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Map Element Hierarchy
IVOther important map elements
5
IIIMap feature: water4
II-IIIExplanatory information
3-4
IIMain feature: land2
ITitle, legend, labels, symbols
I
IThematic SymbolsI
Visual LevelObjectIntellectual Level
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Map Symbols
● Pictographic (may be representative)– Medical Facilties – Restroom is shown by Man/Woman sign
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Map Symbols
● Geometric Symbols– Circles, stars, other basic shapes– Not representational– May be varied in space (3D maps), location, size,
spacing, shade, texture to express different ideas● Symbols may be varied in size
– City size/categories– Proportional symbol maps – built-in variation
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Map Aesthetics
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Map Aesthetics
Maps should have “harmony” within themselves. An ugly map might be accurate, but is less likely to inspire confidence.
-- John K. Wright, a noted map critic
• “Harmony”
• Composition
• Clarity
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Visual Elements• Balance among
elements - where is the center of the page
• Contrast among elements– Lines– Textures– Value– Color– Details
Reader’s Eye-Movement (that’s not their eye! Right-to-left languages are NOT included)
focus
field
fringe
Arrange elements accordingly
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See course web site
● Tips on type placement (as per last week)● Tips on acheiving ● Tips on constrast (Illustrator how-to)● Figure-ground relationship - huh?
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Figure-Ground relationship
● FIGURE: The part of the map to which we pay attention. The subject matter, the features to which viewers must notice
● GROUND: What is not figure is ground.
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Example: City blocks are the figure
See examples provided earlier in the quarter (also available on the class site)
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Colors
Basic ideas:● Representative colors● Data type (e.g. binary)● Sequential data (gradients)● Relate trend to color if possible (numbers)
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Other thoughts on color
● Colorblind users– Use tools (ColorBrewer, on class site) to help
determine what colors are ok for colorblink users● Elderly users● Culturally sensitive colors (offensive, biased?)
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Typefaces
–Placement of lettering• Try to achieve “harmony”: use minimal
variation in type, clean appearance
• Focus on legibility
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Type rules: point features
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Type rules: line features
● Avoid upside-down type
● Avoid stretching out too much
● Place text from bottom-to-top, but first try to place horizontally to ease reading
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Type rules: use this when in doubt