Geography 372 Introduction to Remote Sensing University of Maryland Compton Tucker & Meagan Weiner.
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Transcript of Geography 372 Introduction to Remote Sensing University of Maryland Compton Tucker & Meagan Weiner.
Geography 372Geography 372Introduction to Introduction to Remote SensingRemote Sensing
University of MarylandCompton Tucker & Meagan Weiner
Geostationary and polar orbitsGeostationary and polar orbits
Hurricane Web SitesHurricane Web Sites• http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tc_pages/tc_home.html
• http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html• http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/im
ages_index.php3• http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/• http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/• http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/
Lecture 3 September 16, 2003Lecture 3 September 16, 2003Sun, Atmosphere, PlantsSun, Atmosphere, Plants
Important information from today’s material:Important information from today’s material:
1.1. Basic information about the sun;Basic information about the sun;
2.2. Gaseous absorption by atmospheric constituents;Gaseous absorption by atmospheric constituents;
3.3. Leaf reflectance, leaf structure, and photosynthesis;Leaf reflectance, leaf structure, and photosynthesis;
4.4. Hurricane monitoring with remote sensing;Hurricane monitoring with remote sensing;
5.5. Defense against biological terrorism.Defense against biological terrorism.
Homework September 16, 2003Homework September 16, 2003
• (A). Construct neat spectral curves to represent astroturf, asphalt, concrete, Maryland red clay soil, and the Pizza Hut roof from 0.4 to 1.0 µm.
• (B). Construct neat spectral curve plots
to represent the following materials over the spectral interval of 0.4 to 3 µm: a typical soil, pine trees, broadleaf forest vegetation in summer, and broadleaf forest vegetation in early fall.
Total Energy Flux: M = T4
= 5.67x10-8 w/m2*K4
Wavenumber = 1/
(# per unit distance)
Energy per photon:
Ep = h * frequency
Ep = h*c/Ep*J sec *3*108m sec-1
Ergo: X-rays and -rays are energetic!
Astroturf and real Astroturf and real green vegetationgreen vegetation
Pizza Hut on Rt. 1Pizza Hut on Rt. 1
Pizza Pizza HutHut
Geog 372 Lecture 3 Geog 372 Lecture 3 September 16, 2003September 16, 2003
our starour starour atmosphereour atmosphere
our vegetationour vegetation
Atmospheres Atmospheres of Sun & of Sun &
EarthEarth
The most abundant elements The most abundant elements Sun's AtmosphereSun's Atmosphere Earth's AtmosphereEarth's Atmosphere
HydrogenHydrogen 90.7%90.7% Nitrogen 78.08 %Nitrogen 78.08 %HeliumHelium 9.1% 9.1% OxygenOxygen 20.95 % 20.95 %
CarbonCarbon 0.036 0.036 COCO22 0.0370% (370 ppm) 0.0370% (370 ppm)NitrogenNitrogen 0.009 0.009 NeonNeon 0.0018% 0.0018%OxygenOxygen 0.072 0.072 HeliumHelium 0.0005% 0.0005%NeonNeon 0.003 0.003 Methane 0.00015%(15 ppm)Methane 0.00015%(15 ppm)MagnesiumMagnesium 0.002 0.002 OzoneOzone 0.0001% (10 ppm) 0.0001% (10 ppm)
SulfurSulfur 0.001 0.001 KryptonKrypton 0.0001% 0.0001%IronIron 0.003 0.003 Hydrogen 0.00005Hydrogen 0.00005
SiliconSilicon 0.002 0.002 HH22O Vapor 0 - 3% (varies)O Vapor 0 - 3% (varies)
Atmospheres of Atmospheres of Mars & VenusMars & Venus
The most abundant elements The most abundant elements Mars' AtmosphereMars' Atmosphere Venus' AtmosphereVenus' Atmosphere
CO2 96.0%N2 3.5%SO2 0.0150% (150 ppm)H2O 0.0100% (100 ppm)Ar 0.0070% ( 70 ppm)CO 0.0040% ( 40 ppm)Ne 0.0005% ( 5 ppm)
Pressure 90 barsTemperature 730 K +457C!
CO2 95.0%N2 2.7%Ar 1.6%02 0.13% (1,300 ppm)CO 0.07% ( 700 ppm)H2O 0.03% ( 300 ppm)
Pressure 0.007 bars Temperature 218 K -55C
6000º
300 K
UV, Visible,Near IRSensors
Thermal IR, MicrowaveSensors
Active Sensors
reflectedemitted
Spectral reflectance curvesSpectral reflectance curves
Our StarOur Star
~1370 watts/m2
Solar flux falling on earthSolar flux falling on earth
T4*r2 * 4distancesun2
4distanceearth2
92%
Our atmosphere
Space Shuttle Limb PhotographsSpace Shuttle Limb Photographs
Before Mt. Pinatubo EruptionBefore Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
After Mt. Pinatubo EruptionAfter Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
Liquid Water
Water = Life
Where else could life begin?Where else could life begin?visible
Incoming/Outgoing
max = 2898/5880 = 0.49 m
max = 9.7 m
Solar Irradiance at Earth’s Surface
Exoatmospheric Solar Irradiance
atmospheric limb
Expand information
Express it visually
Research and Beaver Dam Roads
True Color Photography or Imaging
Soon in lab we’ll work on this Soon in lab we’ll work on this Ikonos image of BARCIkonos image of BARC
True color
False color
Research and Beaver Dam RoadsResearch and Beaver Dam Roads
False Color or IR Photography or imaging
Byrd Stadium and areaByrd Stadium and area