Geographical Patterns for the Geographical Patterns for the China-EU TradeChina-EU Trade

COSCO R&D Wang PengCOSCO R&D Wang Peng

March, 2010March, 2010E-mail: wangpzj@126.comE-mail: wangpzj@126.com

IntroductionIntroduction

International trade between China and EU International trade between China and EU esp. Baltic sea regionesp. Baltic sea region

Sea Way and Land bridge from China to Sea Way and Land bridge from China to EuropeEurope

East terminals of the land bridge in ChinaEast terminals of the land bridge in ChinaWest terminals of the land bridge in EuropeWest terminals of the land bridge in Europe Obstacles along the land bridgeObstacles along the land bridge

Percentage GDP and international trade China / World

451.81854.8

9921.510965.5

12033.313582.3

15987.7

20940.7

18232.18.4 8.3

9.1

10 10.1 10.210.7

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

bln

RM

B

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

GDP val ue GDP growth

19801980

bn USDbn USDPercent Percent

of worldof world19911991

bn USDbn USDPercent Percent

of worldof world20002000

bn USDbn USDPercent Percent

of worldof world20052005

bn USDbn USDPercent Percent

of worldof world

ChinaChina 20162016 1.841.84 37663766 1.691.69 1079910799 3.453.45 2225722257 5.05.0

USAUSA 2719027190 24.7624.76 5710957109 25.6225.62 9882898828 31.5431.54 124870124870 28.228.2

EuroEuro 5514555145 24.3424.34 5903559035 18.8418.84 9397693976 23.123.1

JapanJapan 1059210592 9.689.68 3402234022 15.2615.26 4677146771 14.9314.93 4672346723 10.510.5

IndiaIndia 18641864 1.71.7 25152515 1.131.13 47944794 1.531.53 74927492 1.691.69

RussiaRussia 54215421 2.432.43 25112511 0.80.8 62436243 1.431.43

WorldWorld 109394109394 100100 222884222884 100100 313369313369 100100 444330444330 100100

China – share of the world trade value

  19719700

19819800

19919900

20020000

20020055

20020066

China China exportexportss

0.70.7%%

0.90.9%%

1.81.8%%

3.93.9%%

7.57.5%%

8%8%

China China importimportss

0.70.7%%

1.01.0%%

1.51.5%%

3.43.4%%

6.36.3%%

6.46.4%%

RankRank   2626 1414 1010 33 33

Major Chinese ports in 2008(over 100ml tons)

100ml tons

Imbalance: Much larger cargo flow from China to EU

-200-150-100-50050100150200250300

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

importexporti mbal ance

Comparison of the International Trade between China and some Baltic countries

Trade between Chi na and some EU count r i es

05000

100001500020000250003000035000

Swed

en

Lith

uani

a

Russ

ia

Swed

en

Lith

uani

a

Russ

ia

export i mport

2005200620072008

Comparison of the International Trade between China and some Baltic countries

—— the first half of 2009

10974

242411

11892

74109590

4252315

1882 29620

2620

02000400060008000

100001200014000

Swed

en

Lith

uani

a

Russ

ia

Swed

en

Lith

uani

a

Russ

ia

export i mport

1st hal f of 20081st hal f of 2009

Unit: million US $

二、拓展亚欧大陆桥西段二、拓展亚欧大陆桥西段

Hamburg

Sea way from China to EUSea way from China to EU

Vostochny

Pusan

Dalian

Lianyungang

MoscowManzhouli

TianjinQingdao

Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge

Trans Siberian Railway

Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge

Trans Siberian railway: Trans Siberian railway: - from Vostochny to the border of Finland, - from Vostochny to the border of Finland,

11 days, high rate, busy infrastructure11 days, high rate, busy infrastructure

China to mid-Asia countries:China to mid-Asia countries:- from Qingdao, Lianyungang, Rizhao to fi- from Qingdao, Lianyungang, Rizhao to fi

ve mid-Asia countries (Kazakhstan, uzbeve mid-Asia countries (Kazakhstan, uzbekistan, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, turkmenistakistan, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, turkmenistan).n).

Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge

Some progress in China:Some progress in China:

99thth, Oct. 2007, the first container train started from , Oct. 2007, the first container train started from Lianyungang, arrived at Moscow 15 days later. Lianyungang, arrived at Moscow 15 days later.

““Lianyungang——Moscow” international railway Lianyungang——Moscow” international railway container train, 8301 km, 16 days, from China, container train, 8301 km, 16 days, from China, through Kazakhstan, to Moscow (20 days less than through Kazakhstan, to Moscow (20 days less than the sea way, 10 days less than Siberian way).the sea way, 10 days less than Siberian way).

Cost 500-800 USD less per container.Cost 500-800 USD less per container.

Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge

Some progress in China:Some progress in China:

2525thth, Apr. 2008, the first container train started from , Apr. 2008, the first container train started from Lianyungang, arrived at Hamburg in 18 days . Lianyungang, arrived at Hamburg in 18 days .

““Lianyungang——Dostok(Kazakhstan)——MoscowLianyungang——Dostok(Kazakhstan)——Moscow——Ventspils——Hamburg” international railway ——Ventspils——Hamburg” international railway container train.container train.

1870 tons tomato juice in 48 cars with 96 1870 tons tomato juice in 48 cars with 96 containers (20’’) .containers (20’’) .

Future Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge (Perspective)

Vostochny

Pusan

Dalian

Lianyungang

MoscowManzhouli

TianjinQingdao

Hamburg

BSR Ports

Erlianhaote

Ventspils

Western Terminals of the Continental Land Bridge (perspective)

Riga

Kaliningrad

Klaipeda

Some obstacles for Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge

high cost (2-3 times of the cost compared to sea high cost (2-3 times of the cost compared to sea way)way)

longer time due to customs procedures etc.longer time due to customs procedures etc.

imbalance of the cargo (cost of unnecessary imbalance of the cargo (cost of unnecessary empty return containers)empty return containers)

safety of the cargosafety of the cargo

short of cargo tracing information serviceshort of cargo tracing information service

What do we need?

cooperation

Thank you !Thank you !