Metabolism Test Report

John Francis

15th Feb. 2014

GENOROOTLaboratory Findings

Your urine sample was tested in our laboratory for select metabolic markers which serve as indicators of several health conditions as an outcome of the current diet and lifestyle you have. The result was analyzed by our Biochemists and Geneticists.

Based on the healthy controls of the parameters, the increased levels of 3-Methyl histidine and 1-Methyl histidine have been observed. This implies protein catabolism and hence you need to increase the daily protein intake by at least 30 gm/day.

In addition, we have found increased level of metabolic marker “methylmalonate” in the present urine sample. This could be because of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency is a known root cause for lack of energy and constant feeling of weakness. It is recommended to take Vitamin B12 supplements in consultation with your family physician and repeat the test after three months.

Please refer the enclosed guide regarding the supplements. The technical report of your sample's analysis is enclosed as the next sections. It is strongly recommended to route all treatments through your family doctor or a nutritionist.

Report Summary

Collected on:

Received on:

Reported on:

Name:

Gender:

DoB:

John Francis

Male

01/10/1976

11/02/2014

14/02/2014

19/02/2014

Conditions of Reporting

The analysis of urine sample is done on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry based method under license of PreventiNe Life Care ( India) The metabolic markers and health conditions mapping is not mutually unique and there can be other forms in which a problem with metabolism may be apparent. Similarly, a particular health condition may not exclusively be an outcome of the abnormal levels of metabolic markers in consideration. Isolated laboratory investigations do not confirm the final diagnosis of a health condition or a disease. They help in arriving at a diagnosis in conjunction with clinical presentation and other related investigations. It is important to monitor your health and take a proactive approach should there be any unhealthy condition(s) within or beyond scope of this test. GenoROOT - Metabolism Monitor analyzes a sample for limited metabolites/markers and their effects on human health. It is presumed that the specimen belongs to the person named or identified in the Test Request Form.All investigations have their limitations which are imposed by the limits of sensitivity and specificity of individual assay procedures as well as the quality of specimen received by the laboratory. A possibility of 1% error is there leading to a false positive or a false negative result.GenoROOT test is not intended to replace the medical advice and/or treatment obtained from a qualified healthcare practitioner.

A test requested might not be performed or may not yield best results for the following reasons: a. Insufficient quantity of specimen (inadequate collection/ pilferage in transit) b. Specimen quality (contaminated, fungal growth) c. Incorrect specimen type

Authorized Signatory

GENOROOTmetabolism

Understanding your report

Your GENOROOT - Metabolism Monitor Report has TWO Sections:

Understanding the Graphical Representation

Metabolites - Metabolites are the Markers of Metabolism which act as the ‘indicators’ in your sample. They characterize your state of metabolism and help make inference(s) in case of non-specific health conditions which can be an outcome of problems with your metabolism. Tracking the levels of these metabolites during a dietary and lifestyle change helps ensure that there is no negative impact on your health.

Control Values - The Normal Limit within which the value of a metabolic marker should ideally fall.

Observed (your) Value - The actual value of a Metabolic Marker in your sample.

Risk Bar - The horizontal bar with Green Zone at left end and Red Zone at right end. The bar is a pictorial representation of the observed values of the metabolic markers against the control values.

Safe Zone (Green Color)- If the value of a marker measured in your sample falls in this region (signified by the green zone), you can relax and maintain the lifestyle you have.

Risk Zone (Red Color) - If the value of a marker measured in your sample falls in this region (signified by the red zone), it will be a matter of concern. You must consult your family physician or a metabolism expert.

Medium Zone (color transition zone) - If the value of a marker measured in your sample falls in this region (signified by the color transitioning from green to red), you may consider getting counseled by your family physician or a metabolism expert. You may need to bring in minor changes in your lifestyle, specially diet, for a better health. There is not much reason to worry though.

ND - Non Detected. This implies that the marker was not detected in the Risk Zone.

Section A - The technical report which gives a Graphical Representation of various metabolic markers in your sample.

Section B - A general guide for quick reference of nutritional component in various dietary sources.

Definitions

In the technical report section, you will see the graphic representation of all metabolic markers in the scope of the test conducted on your urine sample and interpreted by our metabolic experts. The metabolic markers have been clubbed under various classes like - Carbohydrate Metabolism, Fatty Acid Metabolism, Vitamins Metabolism etc.

Phenylalanine 4.934 ND

Metabolite Control Value Observed Value Representation

Observed value

Safe Zone

Medium Zone

Risk Zone

Metabolite Control Value Observed Value

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Adipate 4.024 3.35

Suberate 0.619 ND

EMA 0.838 ND

sebacate 0.001 0.001

Me-succinate 0.609 ND

Carbohydrate Metabolism

3-Methyl histidine 0.44 0.75

1-Methyl histidine 38.14 56.55

2KG 1.458 ND

3HB 2.997 1.076

Neurotransmitter Metabolism

HVA 0.864 0.026

VMA 3.015 0.018

Qinolinate 0.7 0.21

kynurate 0.98 0.75

5HindoleAA 0.76 0.004

Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Metabolism

Methylmalonate 0.488 1.237

Uracil 3.685 1.004

Formiminoglutamate 0.951 0.005

Energy Production Markers

Citrate 7.165 ND

Malate 5.259 0.18

Succinate 3.325 0.027

Cisaconate 0.87 0.71

IsocitricAcid 0.63 0.5

HydroxyMethylGlutarate 1.29 0.94

Representation

Section A - Metabolic Markers and Their Values

Vitamin Metabolism

VitC 0.71 0.516

vitB5 0.45 0.03

Xanthurenic acid 0.001 ND

3HIV 3.888 0.087

4AB 1.28 0.98

Glutarate 0.476 0.005

4HPA 4.897 0.126

Qinolinate 0.62 0.53

HMG2 1.464 0.084

Lactate 138.43 38.55

Succinate 3.325 0.027

Fumarate 5.560 ND

Malate 5.259 0.184

Pyruvate 0.32 0.012

Adipate 4.024 0.005

Suberate 0.619 ND

EMA 0.838 ND

kynurate 0.89 0.15

Gln 0.363 ND

Leu 0.98 0.35

isoLeu 0.776 0.08

PyroGlu 0.887 0.251

Me-citrate 0.452 0.07

Nutritional Markers

Histidine 0.634 0.03

Leucine 0.21 0.001

Isoleucine 4.346 0.036

Phenylalanine 4.934 ND

Beta-alanine 0.445 0.35

Serine 0.564 0.013

Threonine 0.47 0.003

Glycine 0.98 0.12

Lysine 0.67 0.21

Technical Details

The reference ranges for metabolic markers were established using samples collected from typical individuals of all ages and both the genders. The individuals were known to be with no known physiological or psychological disorders. The ranges were determined by calculating the mean and standard deviation (SD) and are defined as +/-2SD of the mean. Reference ranges are age and gender specific. They have been calculated for Male Adult (>14 years), Female Adult (>14 years), Male Child (<14 years), and Female Child (<14 years).The graph represents whether the value of the patient is within the reference (normal) range, defined as the mean plus or minus two standard deviations.

Vitamin E

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)

Vitamin B3 ( Niacin )

Vitamin C

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Source

Source

Source

Source

Source

Source

Source

Source

Needed for vision, healthy skin and mucous membranes, bone and tooth growth, immune system health

An antioxidant. It helps to slow down processes that damage cells.

Needed for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver. They also help the nervous system function properly, and are needed for good brain function.

Plays an important role in maintaining muscle tone along the digestive tract.

Food containing live bacteria which have health benefitting properties.

Needed for the growth and repair of tissues

Works as an antioxidant by fighting damaging particles in the body known as free radicals which damage cells and DNA, and may contribute to the aging process.

Helps treat dietary deficiencies.

Liver and fish liver oil, egg yolks, whole milk, cream, butter

Cold-pressed vegetable, seed and nut oils, wheat germ oil, whole grains, soybeans, uncooked green peas, spinach, asparagus, kale, cucumber

Whole or enriched grain products, brown rice, brewers yeast, blackstrap molasses, spinach, cauliflower, most nuts, sunflower seeds, peanuts, peas, beans, avocado, pork.

Synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan, Liver and other organ meats, poultry, fish, peanuts, brewer’s yeast, dried beans and peas, wheat germ, whole grains, avocado, dates.

Kefir, yogurt, fermented vegetables, branded-supplements

Citrus fruits, strawberries, mango, papaya, watermelon, tomatoes, broccoli. Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, spinach

Whole or enriched grain products, brewer’s yeast, organ meats, mackerel, trout, shad, eggs, shellfish, millet, wild rice, dried peas, beans, sunflower seeds, asparagus, collards, broccoli, spinach, mushrooms, avocado

Organ meats, chicken, beef, brewer’s yeast, egg yolks, fish, chicken, whole grains, cheese, peanuts, dried beans, sweet potato, green peas, broccoli, avocado, cauliflower.

Vitamin A

Probiotics

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Vitamin K

Vitamin B12

Folic Acid

Source

Source

Source

Source

Helps the body make neurotransmitters. These are chemicals that carry signals from one nerve cell to another and are needed for normal brain development and function.

Is necessary for normal blood clotting and synthesis of proteins found in plasma, bone and kidneys.

Is important for metabolism and helps in the formation of red blood cells and maintenance of the central nervous system.

Folate promotes normal digestion; essential for development of red blood cells.

Liver and other organ meats, fish, poultry, egg yolk, whole wheat, wheat germ, soybeans and other dried beans, peanuts, wal- nuts, banana, prunes, potatoes, cauliflower, cabbage, avocado

Whole grains, organ meats, trout, herring, mackerel, crab, oysters, egg yolk, yogurt, tempeh

Spinach, kale, beet greens, beets, chard, asparagus, broccoli, liver, brewer ' s yeast, whole grains

Synthesized by intestinal bacteria, dark leafy greens, blackstrap molasses, liver, milk, yogurt, egg yolks, fish liver oils

Section B - Food Source Guide

A

E C

B1 B2

B3 B5

B6 B12

K

Folic

L-Carnitine

Magnesium

L-Phenylalanine

L-Glutamine Taurine

Glycine

Source

Source

Source

Source Source

Source

Helps the body produce energy. It is important for heart and brain function, muscle movement, and many other body processes.

Contributes to the structural development of bone. Plays role in active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction and normal heart functioning.

Contraindicated with concomitant use of MAO inhibitors or Tricyclic antidepressants

Can minimize breakdown of muscle and improve protein metabolism.

An amino acid which helps in anxiety control and stress management. It lowers cortisol levels.

An amino acid, a building block for protein. Used for treating schizophrenia, stroke and some rare inherited metabolic disorders.

Synthesized by the liver and kidneys, red meats, fish.

Dark green vegetables, almonds, pecans, cashews, brazil nuts, seeds, legumes, soy products, wheat bran and germ, millet, brown rice, avocado, dried apricots

Beef, pork, poultry, lamb, fish, eggs, cheese. Vegetarian sources of proteins must be combined to maintain adequate levels of essential amino acids - whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds.

Abundant in both animal and vegetable protein. Lean meats, fish.

High-protein foods, fish, meat and dairy. Vegetarian glycine sources include soybeans, spinach, kale, cauliflower, cabbage, pumpkin, banana, kiwi fruit, cucumber and beans.

L-Tyrosine

Iron

Source

Source

Used in the synthesis of structural proteins, used in the production of neurotransmitters.

Needed to make part of blood cell and also make up part of many proteins in the body.

Synthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine, soy products, chicken, fish, almonds, avocado, bananas, dairy products, limabeans, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds

Beef, liver, kidney, pork, lamb, chicken, clams, oysters, egg yolks, salmon, whole wheat, millet, oats, brown rice, lima beans, soybeans, kidney beans, green peas, almonds, brazil nuts, walnuts, pine nuts, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, sunflower

Selenium

Mangnese

Source

Source

Helps the body with making special proteins, called antioxidant enzymes, which play a role in preventing cell damage

Helps the body form connective tissue, bones, blood clotting factors, and sex hormones. Plays a role in fat and carbohydrate metabolism, calcium absorption, and blood sugar regulation. Also necessary for normal brain and nerve function.

Brewer's yeast, wheat germ, barley, oats, brown rice, whole wheat, liver, butter, scallops, lobster, shrimp, clams, crab, oysters, lamb, garlic, onions, mushrooms, broccoli, Swiss chard, radishes

Pecans, almonds, whole grains, egg yolks, seeds, peas, beans, spinach

Chromium Copper

Source Source

Important in the metabolism of fats and carb. Stimulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, which are important for brain function and other body processes. Important in the breakdown of insulin.

Works with iron to help the body form red blood cells. It also helps keep the blood vessels, nerves, immune system, and bones healthy.

Brewer's yeast, beef, liver, whole wheat, wheat germ, rye, fresh chillies, oysters, potatoes, green peppers, eggs, chicken, apples, butter, bananas, spinach

Buckwheat, whole wheat, shrimp, liver, brazil nuts, almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts, pecans, soybeans, dark leafy greens, prunes, cocoa

Cr Cu

Fe Mg

SeMn

We welcome all questions and concerns. The questions pertaining to your analysis shall be answered by our experts (medical / nutritional).

You may post your queries on - . Please mention your Name, Date of genoroot@preventine.comBirth and the Customer ID in the query.

Customer satisfaction is our core goal. It is important for us to learn about what our customers think about our service and how we can improve it. If you have any suggestion or complaint, whatsoever, we request you to contact us and report it on:

Email: info@preventine.com Contact: +91-22-61980000

This report contains confidential medical information and genetic data. The report is for exclusive use by the person whose test has been conducted and the associated registered health practitioner.

Inositol

Source

Helps balance certain chemicals in the body to help conditions such as panic disorder, depression and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Synthesized from glucose, liver, lecithin, whole grains, wheat germ, lima beans, peanuts, brewer’s yeast, cabbage, citrus fruits ( Except lemons ) , cantaloupe, raisins, unrefined molasses

Biotin

Source

Supports healthy skin through proper fat production, helsp body make efficient use of sugar and maintain an energy supply in the nerve cells.

Egg yolks, liver, brewer’s yeast, nuts, milk, unpolished rice

The supplements mentioned above do not represent a complete list of all that is required by the human body. The need of protein and essential nutrients depends on several factors like: age, weight, health, body composition and physical activities being undertaken. It is important to maintain a balanced diet, healthy lifestyle, enough of sleep and exercises in order to ensure a good metabolism.

1. Goodman SI, Markey SP: Diagnosis of organic acidemias by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. New York, Alan R Liss, 19812. Sweetman L: Organic acid analysis. In Techniques in Diagnostic Human Biochemical Genetics. Edited by FA Hommes. Wiley-Liss, New York, 1991, pp 143-1763. Lehotay DC, Clarke JT: Organic acidurias and related abnormalities. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1995;32:377-4294. Seashore MR: The Organic Acidemias: An Overview. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=oa-overview Reviewed December 22, 20095. Part 9, Organic Acids. In Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, et al, eds. The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease. 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc; 2001:2109-2260.6. Kushnir MM, Komaromy-Hiller G. Rapid screening for urine organic acids by GC-MS. Clin Chem. 1999;45:A21.

References

Note:

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