Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples:...
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Transcript of Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples:...
![Page 1: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Genes and Chromosomes
![Page 2: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Gene
• Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product– Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc.
• Genes are located on chromosomes
![Page 3: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Alleles
• Alternate forms of a gene• Cause variations and diversity
![Page 4: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chromosomes
• Homologous chromosomes contain same genes but can have different alleles
• Humans have 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
• Female = XX; Male = XY• Which parent determines
the sex of the child?
![Page 5: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Identifying and Studying Chromosomes
• Chromosome samples obtained (by amniocentesis for fetus)
• Chromosomes stained, photographed, cut out, matched up by size, shape, and banding patterns and arranged in order to form a karyotype
• Allows for determination of sex and chromosomal abnormalities
![Page 6: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Karyotyping:
• Picture of an individual’s chromosome
![Page 7: Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072016/56649ef15503460f94c02b34/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Can you see the extra chromosome?....... This one shows an extra chromosome #21 – called trisomy 21.
• A person with this karyotype has Down’s Syndrome.