General Pathology Version2

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    Pathology(2007/2008)- For Pharmacy Pathophysiology(2007/2008) -For Nursing

    .M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D

    - -

    October 2007Amman-Jordan

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    Assessment Examinations:

    Tutorials During Lectures 10 marksFirst Examination 20 marksSecond Examination 20 marks

    Final Examination 50 marks

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    :Recommended Books

    Muir`s Textbook of Pathology .1-2008

    (Pathophysiology (By: C.M.Porth 2004 .2 ISBN: 0-7817-4645-0

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    Course Outline

    Neoplasm6Inflammations & Infections5

    Disturbances of Hemostasis ))Hemorrhage, Thrombosis & Embolisms4Disturbances of Acid-Base Balance ))Acidosis & Alkalosis3

    Disturbances of Homeostasis ) ) Dehydration & Edema2Introduction, Etiology ,Cell Damage1

    General Pathology

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    Pathology/Pathophysiology Study of abnormal variations in:

    Development, Function & Structure of Tissues

    Disease is:Abnormal Tissue ChangesResulting in:

    Clinical Signs & Symptoms

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    Pathogenic .M.O

    Cellulitis ( Diffuse Subcutaneous Streptococcal Infection )

    Abscess )Localized Staphylococcal Infection )

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    Harmful Effects of Smoke

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    Tutorials (Explain following photographs)

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    Hypertrophy is Enlargement of Tissue by increase in size of cells

    Normal Heart Cardiac Hypertrophy

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    Normal Distribution of Body Water Physiology of Body Fluids:Normal Adult Weight = 70 Kg. Normal Adult Body Water = 60 %

    Intracellular water 43 % 30 litersExtracellular water

    Intercellular water ( interstitial )

    13 % 9 litersIntravascular water = 4 % 3 liters________ ___________

    60 % 42 liters

    Microcirculation

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    Control of Normal Body Water Distribution1. Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure of ( 32-12 mm Hg )

    ( Plasma Osmotic Pressure of ( 22 mm Hg .2

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    : Disturbances of Hemostasis

    Hemorrhage (Bleeding Disorder)

    Thrombosis (Gradual Vascular Occlusion)

    3. Embolism (Sudden Arterial Occlusion)

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    Pathological Thrombosis

    Useful Thrombus leads to Arrest Bleeding Harmful Thrombus leads to vascular occlusion

    Gradual Formation of Semi-Solid Mass from Blood Constituents( Platelets + Fibrin )

    Inside Cardio Vascular System

    DURING LIFE

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    Causes of Thrombosis1. Endothelial damage ( Atheroma )

    3. Slow blood flow..

    6. Varicose veins

    10.Tobacco smoking

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    :Fate of Thrombosis Resolution by Fibrinolysis

    Occlusion of blood vessels ( Gradual Process )

    Embolism ( Sudden Process )

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    :Effects of Embolisms

    Sudden Arterialocclusion Sudden Tissue Ischemia Followed by Tissue Infarction ___________________________________________________

    Blocked by embolus

    Tissue ischemia

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    LocalizedArterial DisturbancesHyperemia : Increased arterial blood flow to localized Microcirculation

    Abscess Cellulitis