Gender analysis in value chains:

What data reveals for program

design

Cristina Manfre, Senior associate

Cultural Practice, LLC

May 23, 2011

Nairobi, Kenya

‘Not everything that counts can be counted and

not everything that can be counted counts.’

Albert Einstein

Types of value chain data

Quantitative

– Sex-segmentation,

informality, labor allocation

– Distribution of value added

– Prices, volumes, costs, inputs,

wages, and production data

– Forward and backward

linkages

Qualitative

� Practices and participation

� Access to control and productive

resources

� Beliefs and perceptions

� Laws and policies

� Power

Complementary data sources

Group Sex Number of

members

Number of

vines

Sales (Ksh) Income per

capita (Ksh)

Avg return

per vine (Ksh)

Passion

Fruit

Male 1207 178,200 7 million 5800 39.28

Female 511 60,261 4 million 7828 66.38

• Why is women’s participation lower than men’s in the group?

• What type of access do women have to land on which they are going passion

fruit?

• What perceptions exist around women’s income from passion fruit?

•What accounts for the production and marketing differences?

Integrating Gender into Agricultural

Value Chains (INGIA-VC) Process

Gender Dimensions Framework

Access to, control over,

and ownership of

productive assets

Access to, control over,

and ownership of

productive assets

Practices and

Participation

Practices and

Participation

Laws and policiesLaws and policies Beliefs and perceptionsBeliefs and perceptionsPowerPower

Gender-based constraints

… are barriers or limits that inhibit either men’s or women’s access to resources or opportunities based on characteristics associated with their gender roles.

The term encompasses both the measurable inequalities as well as the processes that contribute to a specific condition of gender inequality.

Measurable gender

inequality or disparity

+ Factor causing that

condition

Gender-based constraint

statement

Example: Kenya Dairy Value Chain

Fewer women than men are members of the dairy producers association (although women are

caretakers of dairy cows)

+ Dairy associations require titled ownership to land

Women are constrained from full membership in the dairy association because they are not

registered landowners.

(And thus do not receive payment for the milk.)

What to do?

Strategies to Support Gender Equity

• Targeting: Address the

Needs of Women

• Empowerment: Foster

Equitable Participation

and Women’s Leadership

• Economic Efficiency:

Support Women’s

Economic Advancement