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16
•1 Gemini As part of the US National OIR System Scot Kleinman Associate Director of Development

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•1

Gemini As part of the US National OIR

System

Scot Kleinman

Associate Director of Development

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•2

Hilo, Hawaii

Mauna Kea

since 1999

Cerro

since 2000

Operating two twin 8.1m telescopes on Mauna Kea and Cerro Pachón, providing access to the entire sky.

La Serena

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Annual Contributions 2013-2015:

• $27M operations (~20% less than <2013)

• ~$4M instrumentation (best effort)

The Partnership

US 65.50 % CA 18.65 % BR 6.53 % AU 6.21 % AR 3.11 % (Hosts 10%)

Shares 2013-2015

Gemini is managed by on behalf of the

for an international partnership:

out in 2016+

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Current Instrumentation

Site Instrument FoV, Mode, Resolution AO Support

Gemini-N

GMOS-N

NIRI

NIFS

GNIRS

360-940 nm

1-5 µm

950-2400 nm

1-5 µm

img 5.5‘x5.5’ LS, MOS, IFS (5”x7”) R:600-

4,000

img 20”x20” - 120”x120” LS R:500-1,000

IFS (3”x3”) R:5000

LS R:1,800-18,000 (+img)

(ALTAIR)

ALTAIR

ALTAIR

ALTAIR

Gemini-S

TBC 2018

GMOS-S

GSAOI

FLAMINGOS-2

GPI

(GHOST)

360-940 nm

950-2400 nm

950-2400 nm

900-2400 nm

360-1000 nm

img 5.5‘x5.5’ LS, MOS, IFS (5”x7”) R:600-

4,000

img 85”x85” with MCAO

img 6.1’ ∅ LS, (MOS) (2’x6’) R: 1,200-

3,000

IFU 2.8”x2.8” contrast: 107 at 0.4”

2 IFUs in 7’ ∅ R: 50,000 + 75,000

(GeMS)

GeMS

(GeMS)

XAO

(None)

Visiting

TEXES (GN)

DSSI (GN)

(GRACES)

5-25 µm

400-1000 nm

~600-1000 nm

LS R: 4,000 - 85,000

Dual EMCCD imaging, 20 mas resolution@650nm

see CFHT/ESPaDOnS - high-res. spectrograph

none

speckle

none

• 4 instruments + 1 AO system at each site

• 3 instruments and the AO system simultaneously mounted

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Gemini’s Future

•Obtaining telescope time

•Standard TAC

•Large and Long

•Fast Turnaround

•Observing

•Queue

•Classical

•Priority Observing

•Bring your students

Gemini is flexible and responsive to user needs

•Instrumentation

•4 +1 per site

•AO working with all instruments

•Visiting instruments welcome

•Development Opportunities

•In-kind contributions allowed

•Yearly small ($100K) upgrade

•Bi-annual large ($0.5M) upgrade

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Gemini and the LSST • The STAC’s preference for our next facility class instrument (Gen4#3) is to support LSST follow-up work

• Gemini intends to dedicate a fraction (10-80%?) of Gemini-South to LSST follow-up. How much depends on the level of coordination between and within users, the US share, and the partnership.

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Coordination Channels

• Gemini Management is not in a position to decide how

to participate in any partner country’s particular system

•We can help facilitate planning and implement desires

•US National Gemini Office and US National TAC can

coordinate national efforts

•US members of Gemini Board and STAC can advocate

for US positions within the partnership

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Gemini and an OIR System

What role do you want Gemini to play in such a system?

• Our new approaches allow users to observe the way they want

with the instruments they want (ours or theirs)

• Coordinated efforts could be done via the partnership or via the

US share

• Future funding will not allow every 8-10m telescope to offer

every wavelength/resolution/FOV option we do now. Coordination

benefits all

• Gemini’s strengths include its operational flexibility (multi-

instrument queue, ToO, Long and Large, rapid turnaround, …)

What role will Gemini play in a future

US OIR system?

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Gemini, the can do observatory.

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Gemini South Transformation

Old New When

T-ReCS GeMS/GSAOI 2012

Phoenix FLAMINGOS-2 2013

NICI GPI 2014

GMOS-S (EEV) GMOS-S (Hamamatsu)

2014

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Gemini South Instruments GeMS multi-conjugate AO system (can support GSAOI, GMOS-IFU, F2-MOS)

85x85" allows science >850nm

GMOS multi-slit, long slit, and IFU spectrograph and imager

imaging 330"x330" MOS 30-60 slits/mask IFU 5"x7"

0.073"/px R=1000-5000

6144x4608 px, 3 chips Hamamatsu CCDs

0.36-0.93 microns

GSAOI high resolution imager for use with multi-conjugate AO system GeMS

85"x85" 0.02"/px 4 X Rockwell HAWAII-2RG HgCdTe detector

0.9-2.6 microns (27 narrow band filters in addition to the broad bands)

GPI AO imaging polarimeter/IF spectrometer

2.8"x2.8" 0.014"/px R=30-100

Rockwell HAWAII-2RG HgCdTe detector

0.9-2.4 microns

FLAMINGOS-2 multi-object spectrograph

6.1' diameter circle (imaging); 2x6' (spectroscopy)

0.18 "/px R=1200-3000

Teledyne Hawaii-II HgCdTe detector

0.9-2.4 microns

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Gemini North Instruments GMOS multi-object long slit and IFU spectrograph and imager

imaging 330"x330" MOS 30-60 slits/mask IFU 5"x7"

0.073"/px R=1000-5000

camera EEV, Hamamatsu

0.36-0.94 micron

NIRI imager 22"x22" to 120"x120"

0.022 to 0.117 "/px

1024x1024 1-5 micron

NIFS integral field spectrograph

3"x 3" R=5000 0.04"x0.1" spaxels

Rockwell HAWAII-2RG HgCdTe 2048x2048

1-2.4 micron

GNIRS spectrograph

slit widths 0.1-1"; can use with ALTAIR for imaging at 1-2.5 micron

0.15"/px and 0.05"/px ; 0.12" FWHM imaging with AO

R=1700 0.9-2.5 micron; partial coverage at R=5000

1-5micron long slit and 0.9-2.5micron cross-dispersed

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Visiting Instruments

DSSI/Speckle diffraction-limited optical imager (at Gemini North)

FOV 2.8-5.6" FWHM=20 mas at 650nm

diffraction limited

400-1000 nm

TEXES high resolution spectrograph (at Gemini North)

Long slit few to 20 arcsec

R=4000-100,000

5-25 micron

GRACES (at Gemini North)

Point source (fiber fed)

R=50,000 echelle

400-1000 nm

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Gemini Staff

# of observatory FTE scientists # of observatory

FTE mountain personnel

# of observatory FTEs involved in engineering,

software, and instrumentation

The observatory employs about 50 people with science background (Astronomers/Scientists, Science Operations Specialists, User Support, etc.) 7 people are on tenured or tenure track astronomer positions ~25 people have personal research as part of their duties; <8 FTE are spent on personal research

Gemini does not have anyone stationed on the mountain 24/7 Day crews of 10-20 people drive up to the telescopes Monday-Friday Night crews of typically 2 operate the telescopes at night

Gemini employs ~80 people in technical/engineering positions; and another ~30 in administration The total number of FTEs at Gemini (including the scientists and "mountain" personnel) will amount to ~165 FTEs in 2015, distributed about equally between Gemini North and South

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Gemini Users

# of publications related to observatory

data taken

# of proposals accepted at each telescope

# of different Pis using the

observatory per annum

Total # of investigators using

the observatory per annum

Publication counts can be found at http://www.gemini.edu/science/publications/ The last complete year (2013) shows 202 annual publications based on Gemini data

Each telescope accepts 150-200 proposals per year, of which 2/3 come from the US community This does not include the yearly Large and Long proposals; nor the soon to come Fast-turnaround proposals

~300 different PIs/year (all partner countries)

>1400 investigators per year (including Co-Is; all partner countries)

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Instrumentation Timeline

GHOST

Gen4#3

Gen4#4

Upgrades

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022


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