GE1/1 GEM technology - High trigger performance during of late Phase I and throughout Phase II

-Demonstrator in YETS2016 approved•Plan for installation in LS2•TDR by October 2014

Station RE3-4: trigger and reconstruction coverage up to | = 2.4 Technology: advanced detector (RPC, GEM) with optimized time resolution for PU rejection

- ME0 GEM technology to ensure efficient trigger coverage up to | = 2.4 and reconstruction up to |= 3.5-4 - Station GE2/1 GEM technology to essure trigger and reconstruction efficiency

The muon upgrade scenario

GE1/1: baseline detector for GEM project 1.55 < |eta| < 2.18 -Guarantee high trigger performance during late Phase I and throughout Phase II -Demonstrator in YETS2016 approved•Plan for installation in LS2

GE2/1: station 21.55 < |eta| < 2.45 - Station GE2/1 GEM technology to ensure trigger and reconstruction efficiency

ME0: near-tagger to be installed behind new HE2.0 < |eta| < 3.5 6-layers of triple-GEM detectors Ensure efficient trigger coverage up to | = 2.4 and reconstruction up to = 3.5-4 in very high background environment

GEM Upgrade ProjectsGE1/1GE2/1

ME0

Simulation ready in CMSSW

2010

Generation IThe first 1m-class detector ever built but still with spacer ribs and only 8 sectors total. Ref.: 2010 IEEE (also RD51-Note-2010-005)

2011 2012 2013

Generation IIFirst large detector with 24 readout sectors (3x8) and 3/1/2/1 gaps but still with spacers and all glued. Ref.: 2011 IEEE. Also RD51-Note-2011-013.

Generation IIIThe first sans-spacer detector, but with the outer frame still glued to the drift. Ref.: 2012 IEEE N14-137.

Generation IVThe current generation that we have built two of at CERN so far, with four more to come from the different sites. No more gluing whatsoever. Upcoming papers from MPGD 2013;And IEEE2013.

2013/14

Generation VThe upcoming detector version that we will install. One long and one short version. Optimized final dimensions for max. acceptance and final eta segmentation.Installation of dummy chambers

GEM foils production Single mask technology etching. Effects dramatically on foils production costs. Same performance of double mask New Front-end electronics development

GEM R&D

GEM project achievements

PerformanceDetector efficiencies ~98% Time resolution ~4ns Spatial resolution of about 290μm with VFAT2 (digital) and <110μm APV (analog) readout chip Operation of GEMs in magnetic field Gas mixture Ar/CO2/CF4 (45/15/40)Rate capability ~105Hz/cm2Good performance in test-beams at CERN SPS and FNAL

Technology and assemblyValidation of single-mask technology Production of large area GEM foils (GE1/1-type)NS2 technique for GEM assembly

IntegrationDummy GEMs for trial installation

Step 1: preparation of drift boardEquip PCB with metallic inserts and HV probesFix outer frame to PCB with guiding pins

Step 2: preparation of GEM stackPlace 1st frame on supportPlace GEM1 + second framePlace GEM2 + 3rd frameInsert stretching nuts Place GEM3 + 4th frame

Step 3: installation and stretchingRemove the guiding pinsPlace stack on drift planeCheck electrical contacts & HV dividerClose chamber with readout PCBInsert gas in- and outlets

• Only 2 hours to assemble the full-scale GE1/1 (Compared to >2 days for the triple-GEM without NS2)• 6 GE1/1-IV types have been built at various sites:

Bari, LNF, CERN, FIT, Ugent,

Integration into CMS

Ongoing investigations at P5 by technical crewOptimize cable and fibre routing, and layout of cooling pipesRacks for electronics equipment and powering (HV/LV)GE1/1 super chamber dummies produced (May 2013)1st trial installation in Summer 2013New dummies according to updated geometry (Jan 2014)2nd trial installation in March 2014

Available space for GE1/1

YE1/1 nose

Dummies with short and long chambers

Disassembled GE1/1 dummies

Assembled GE1/1 dummies

• Bari Lab for GEM chamber characterization and construction:– Acquisition chain (FEE, DAQ, cosmic telescope, gas system for ternary

mixtures)

• Set of measurements in progress:– Charge, timing, gas mixtures study

• Custom electronic tool developed for GEM foils and readout plane QC

• Present on-site infrastructures (clean room equipped for GEM construction and X-ray facility under preparation for gain uniformity study)

Bari R&D Activities

• One GEM based 10x10 cm2 detector built and under characterization readout by a board based on the GASTONE chip for a total of 128 channels

• Anodic readout planes custom designed for spatial resolution study

• Measurements with different gas mixtures Freon-free are foreseen and in progress

• GEM1/1_IV prototype built and under characterization

Cs137 and Fe55 irradiationsource measurements for gain and gas mixtures test

Bari R&D Activities

LNF R&D Activities

LNF R&D Activities

GE1/1 Power system

• The GEM power system will provide high and low voltages to the 144 GEM chambers and to the front-end electronics boards.

• The design of the power system is strongly related to the chamber design and to the grounding schema of the full system.

• Custom solutions have been adopted by KLOE and LHCb.

• Commercial solution are available.

Pierluigi Paolucci - INFN of Napoli 11

Napoli R&D Activities

R&D Materials and Stretching of GEMS (I)L.Benussi S.Bianco M.Caponero M.Ferrini L.Passamonti D.Piccolo D.Pierluigi G.Raffone A.Russo G.Saviano

1. Safe operation of GEM detector made of composite materials• Over 20 yrs, in harsh hirad envronm,

eco-friendly2. Develop simple, cost-effective, mass

production tool to assess GEM foils’ planarity and parallelism within 100um over the 1mm gap• Thus addressing a specific

question by Apollinari review committee

3. Discover if an in situ monitoring of stretching and planarity is possible

1. Characterization of materials pre- and post- irradiation• Kapton, glue, etc• New eco-gas

2. Characterize stretching of GEMs, develop optical Moire’-based techniques

3. Install optical sensors permanently on GEM chambers ?

CHALLENGES

SOLUTIONS

LNF R&D Activities

L.Benussi S.Bianco M.Caponero M.Ferrini L.Passamonti D.Piccolo D.Pierluigi G.Raffone A.Russo G.Saviano

100um

300um

MOIRE’ FRINGES SENSITIVE TO

100um, EXPECT MUCH BETTER

WITH PHASE-SHIFT

DGEM=(3.3 ± 0.1)10- ‐10 cm2/s

FULL SCALE MOIRE’GEM CHAMBER HERE

Preliminary R&D results1.G.Saviano et al. Study of GEM film and foil materials… SIENA 2013, accepted by JINST2.V.A.Franchi et al., Measurement of Diffusion coefficient…, INFN-13-09/LNF3.G.Raffone, CHE and related stress in GEM foils, INFN-13.11/LNF4.G.Raffone, , CMS trapezoidal GEM foil stuctural analysis, INFN-10/20(IR)

ECO-GAS CHARACTERIZATION

WITH GASCROMATOGRAPH

R&D Materials and Stretching of GEMS (I)LNF R&D Activities

Pierluigi Paolucci - INFN of Napoli 14

General requirements:1. working in high magnetic field (up to 2 Tesla);2. working in an high radiation environment

1. (5*1010 p/cm2 5*1011 n/cm2 kRad);• local system in control room + distributed remote systems

on the detector (at least for the LV);• redundancy of the control electronic devices (P per

board)• input voltage from the CMS AC/DC 48V power supply;• Floating channels up to 5 V each other• looking forward common CMS solutions in order to

simplify the hardware and software development/maintenance of the systems

Napoli R&D Activities

GEM detector Requirements

• The main requirements of the GEM power system are: 1. assure a very high stability of the detector2. low noise induced on the chamber and front-end

electronic (floating channels + filters)3. Reduced number of cables to run out from the

chamber4. HV range 4-5 KV with 1 mA per chamber !!!5. compatible with CMS DCS and DSS system6. be modular and accessible and have a reasonable

cost.

Pierluigi Paolucci - INFN of Napoli 15

Napoli R&D Activities

HV schema - proposal

PSsystem

PSsystem

GEM 1GEM 1filterfilter

HVDistributor

+filter

HVDistributor

+filter

GEM 2GEM 2filterfilter

GEM nGEM nfilterfilter

• CAEN EASY PS and is under test in Napoli

• A first passive filter* will be introduced on the HV board or on the distributor

• A second and most important passive filter* will be mounted as close as possible to the chamber. This can be also used to protect the chamber from spikes.

• Test at CERN or LNF will be done in the first part of the 2014.

• Cables routing on the chamber is under study in Napoli.

HV

DI v i d er

HV

DI v i d er

* Any resistor along theHV line introduce a Voltage drop.

Napoli R&D Activities