GE Energy IGCC Cleaner Coal – Ready for Carbon Capture · PDF fileUBS 2007 Climate...

UBS 2007 Climate Change Conference

May 14, 2007

IGCC Cleaner Coal –Ready for Carbon Capture

GEEnergy

2 /GE /

May 11, 2007Copyright General Electric Company

Why Is Coal for Power Important?• High/volatile natural gas prices

• Availability of natural gas/LNG

• Global Recoverable Reserves– Oil 40 yrs, NG 70 yrs, Coal 192 yrs

• Need for fuel diversity

• Energy security/independence concerns

~80 Proposed coal plants – 50 GW

The US’ most plentiful resource…

Source: GE power generation vertical forecast

The US’ most plentiful resource…

GW

Coal0

50

100

150

200

‘96 ‘00 ‘04 ‘08 ‘12Coal

>25% of World Power Generation Additions

Coal49.8%

2004 US Total: 3,971 TWhr

Source: EIA - Electric Report Annual Report, 2005

3 /GE /


IGCC - Cleaner By DesignPollution Prevention vs. Pollution Control

Boiler

SCRESP/

FF

CarbonInjection

FFFGD

WESP

Pre-CombustionPM, Hg, Su, CO2

CO2

Pulverized Coal• Pollutants are removed after the

coal is burned.• The gas volume treated is 100 times

the gas volume of an IGCC plant.• Criteria & HAPS emissions are higher

than an average IGCC plant• Combustion produces large

quantities of waste and consumes more water than IGCC

IGCC• Gasification cleans the coal before it is

burned.• High pressure & low volume provide

favorable economics of pollutant removal

• The IGCC Cleaner Coal option increases fuel diversity, reduces emissions, and increases siting and permitting flexibility.

4 /GE /


IGCC: Emissions Approaching Natural Gas

Source: GE internal data, average of 30 permits granted, applications and publicly reported emissions

AdvancedPC/SCPC

IGCC NGCC0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15NOxSO2PM10

Average RecentPermit Data

Best IndividualPlant

Lb/M

MBT

U

0.09

0.03

0.16

0.017 0.020.01 0.01 0.01

0.0020.01

0.04

Water Usage

Hg

Hg % Captured

PC IGCC

50 -90%

90%+

PC IGCC

PC IGCC

PC IGCC

30-40%Less

• 90% + Hg removal• 30% less water• CO2 capture ready

• 33% less NOx

• 75% less SOx

• 40% less PM10

IGCC Environmental Benefits Versus Best in Class Supercritical Pulverized Coal

5 /GE /


• Gasification leader since 1948 with62 facilities operating worldwide

• First coal gasification plant in 1978

• 21 gas turbines operating on synthesis gas, >1,000,000 operating hours

• IGCC leader: >3 GW with GE technologies

• >6 centuries team gasification experience

GE’s Gasification & IGCC Experience Leadership

74

Total Plantson All Fuels

Total PlantsOn Solid Fuels

Plants OperatingPlants in Design orUnder Construction

GE’s Gasification Experience~120 Vessels In Operation

24

6 /GE /


IGCC Commercialization

2006

CoolwaterPrototype

Commercial DemosPolk, Wabash

1984

120MW

• CAPEX too high • COE too high• No system guarantees or

warrantees – only license• Poor Initial RAM

• GE gasification technology acquisition• GE and Bechtel IGCC Alliance• Turnkey, single source 630MW

reference plant offering with guarantees & warranties

• Rigorous New ProductIntroduction programs to lower cost and improve RAM

The Solution

1995

250MW 630MW

The IGCC Puzzle The Solution

Reference Plant Commercially Offered

7 /GE /


Segmentation and Targeting Led to 600 MW Bituminous Coal Launch Focus

Proposed Fuels for New Plant Additions

0102030

<100 200-300

400-500

600-700

800-900

1,000-1,200

>1,500

Size (MW)2006

New Future Coal-Fired Power Plants

Eastern Bituminous

Coal

LiquidHydrocarbon

PetroleumCoke

PRB Coal

Proposed US Coal Plants

8 /GE /


GE & Bechtel Alliance IGCC Reference PlantReference plant design• Nominal 630MW net plant output• 7FB gas turbine combined

cycle system• Fuel flexibility

– Wide range of bituminous coals

– Coal/coke blends

Reference plant status• RSC and GT preliminary designs

complete Dec ‘06• Integration & plant performance

models complete• Layout being optimized, MTOs

underway• Cost estimates being finalized

9 /GE /


GE Growth Across Gasification Segments

Power IGCC Chemicals CTL Refining

Accelerating technology developmentPartnering with industry leadersDelivering commercial solutions

CARBON

11 /GE /


0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

CO2 Emission Rate (lbs/MW-hr)

NGCC

New CoalSCPC

Existing CoalU.S. Average (33%)

World Average

CO2 Production with Today’s Fuels

Coal

Natural Gas

Thermal EfficiencyIndicated (xx%)CC = Carbon Capture

40%45%

IGCC with CCS

60% CC

90% CC

60%

12 /GE /


TechnologiesPathwaysCarbon Capture Technology

•Amine Scrubbing

•IGCC

Post-Combustion

Pre-Combustion

•Oxy-Combustion

•Chilled Ammonia

•Chemical Looping

•Membranes O2/CO2//H2

•High efficiency shift

•Pre-mix H2 combustor

CO2 $/MT1

$401

$191

Toda

yD

evel

opin

g

Post-Combustion

Pre-Combustion

1 The Future of Coal, MIT 2007 Coal Energy Study, same technology basis

~$301

--

--

--

--

--

13 /GE /


Carbon Removal…a Proven Process

CO2SHg

Water Gas ShiftCO+H2O -> CO2+H2

Oxygen,Feedstock

Process Gas OnlyHigh P, Low Vol

High Driving Force

Slag

Diffusion Combustor

Diluent NOx Control

Proven Gasification

•25 GE gas turbines operating at 50%+ H2

•F-class combustion validation up to 90% H2

•62 GE licensed gasification units operating worldwide

•12 with solid feedstock

•25 GE licensed gasification units operating worldwide using shift reaction to produce H2


•25 GE licensed units operating worldwide using AGR technology to remove CO2 from shifted syngas


Gasification

Proven Process Technology Proven Turbines

Optional Shift AGR/SRU PowerH2

14 /GE /


Proven Gasification/CO2 CaptureGE’s Operating Gasification Plants with CO2 Separation

05

101520

25303540

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

Start Year

Plan

ts S

tart

ed

Starts per yearCumulative

ConstructionOperating Plants

25

Gasification w/ CO2 Capture is over 50 yrs old• First GE gasification plant w/ CO2 removal: Spencer Chemical, 1953• 25 operating plants (8 solids) over last 40 years

15 /GE /


Gasification Capture Experience

AmmoniaHydrogenMethanol

Coal PetcokeCoal/PetcokeLiquidGas

• Ammonia Plant => 90% CO2 Capture• Methanol Process => 70% CO2 Capture

Capture+Shift Equivalency to CC

16 /GE /


Proven Hydrogen TurbinesExxonMobil Singapore MS6241FA 2 IGCC 44.5% H2Georgia Gulf MS7001EA 3 Blend Methane+50% H2SUV Vresova MS9001E 2 IGCC 46.8% H2BASF/ Geismer MS6001B 1 PG Up to 80% H2Koch Refinery MS6001B 1 RFG 12% to 50% H2Daeson Korea MS6001B 1 PG up to 95% H2Shell Int'l MS5001P 1 RFG 60% H2, propaneReutgerswerke MS3002J 1 PG 60% H2Tenerife MS6001B 1 RFG ~70% H2Cartagena MS6000B 1 RFG 66% H2San Roque MS6000B 2 RFG 70% H2

WG=Waste Gas; RFG=Refinery Gas; Steel=COG+BFG; TG=Tail gas

Site Model No. Gas FeaturesAntwerpen MS6000B 1 RFG 78% H2Puertollano MS6000B 2 RFG Up to 60% H2La Coruna MS6000B 1 RFG Up to 52% H2Rotterdam MS6000B 1 RFG 59% H2AGIP/ Milazzo MS5001P 1 RFG 30% to 50% H2Cochin Refineries MS5001P 1 RFG 50% H2Mobil/ Paulsboro MS5001P 2 RFG 20% to 60% H2Uhde NUP MS3002J 1 TG ~60% H2Donges GE10 1 RFG 76% H2Zarqa Refinery PGT10 1 RFG 82% H2

Site Model No. Gas Features

MS7001EA

MS6001B

17 /GE /


F-Class Combustor - Proven for H2

MNQC Liner Cap

• Diffusion flame technology• Diluent addition used to

control NOx (N2 or steam)• Typically achieves 15ppm NOx

(with diluent)• FA & FB combustion validation

completed

Diluent Control

Experience

18 /GE /


Storage

Geological

Terrestrial

Ocean

$5-10

$50$120

NA

$50

Cost = capture + storage + transportCost = capture + storage + transport

•Compression into oil & gas reserves, saline aquifers, or deep coal seams

•Forest preservation•Algae •Microbes

•Deep ocean injection•Hydrates for permanence

TechnologiesPathways CO2 $/Ton

19 /GE /


Status of CO2 use for EOR in the US1

• Approximately 80 CO2-EOR projects:- Natural CO2

- 3000 miles of CO2 distribution pipelines in Permian Basin (U.S.)

- Enhanced oil recovery efficiency ranges from 11 to 15%

• Multiple oil reservoirs available for CO2-EOR.• CO2-EOR projects have been limited by CO2

quantity.

A lot has been safely done in the past.

1U.S. Dept. Of Energy (Feb. 2006)

20 /GE /


Hydrogen Power Projects• Utilize advantaged fossil fuels (coal, petcoke)• Produce high H2 fuel gas to burn in gas turbines• Capture CO2 (~90%)• Utilize CO2 for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)• Future storage in Saline Aquifers

Value Through Collaboration• Combine technology company with an

operations company• Leaders in gasification, power and CCS• 10+ projects over next decade• Carson, CA is first gasification project

GE and BP Accelerating Low Carbon Power Generation

Carson Hydrogen Power Project

21 /GE /


Models Lab Tests Field Tests Materials

GE Product Development Strategy

Injection Test

Gasification Kinetics

Coal Slurry Spray

40

60

80

100

120

08/05/0400:00

08/07/0400:00

08/09/0400:00

08/11/0400:00

08/13/0400:00

08/15/0400:00

08/17/0400:00

08/19/0400:00

08/21/0400:00

08/23/0400:00

08/25/0400:00

Tem

pera

ture

(ºF)

Gas Flow & Heat Recovery

Validation Data

“New” Material

“Old” MaterialSlag

Pen

etra

tion

Metal

Coatings & Refractory

Field Optimization

Cost, Reliability, Operability, Efficiency

22 /GE /


GE’s Global IGCC Resources

Global Research Center Headquarters

Niskayuna, NY

John F. Welch Technology Centre

Bangalore, India

GE Energy’s Gasification Business Headquarters

Houston, TX

Gas Turbine Manufacturing SitesChina Technology CenterShanghai, China Greenville, SCBelfort, France

Europe Technology CenterMunich, Germany

23 /GE /


Summary• New coal capacity build depends on economic

feasibility of carbon capture

• IGCC with pre-combustion capture is proven and ready to provide low CO2 power from coal

• IGCC provides the lowest avoided cost of CO2capture today

• Advances in gasification, separation and hydrogen combustion will maintain IGCC leadership for cleaner coal and with carbon capture and storage

Q&A

IGCC Cleaner Coal –Ready for Carbon Capture

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GE Energy IGCC Cleaner Coal – Ready for Carbon Capture · PDF fileUBS 2007 Climate...

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