G’Day!

Stefan Hörnlund

University of South Australiastefan.hornlund@unisa.edu.au

Planning ahead

Learning Objectives

After this lecture you should be able to;• explain why we need to plan for the completion of a

building project• break down a project into a number of activities• prepare a chart (precedence diagram) showing how

these activities relate to each other, i.e. that some must be completed in a certain order whilst others can be carried out independently

• list some of the many considerations that the planner must take into account

Why do project planning?

• To achieve a stated objective in the way best suited to the particular project.

• To estimate what resources, like materials and labour, are needed and when they are needed.

• To provide a method of measuring and comparing actual progress with what was planned.

• To foresee problems and prepare for them.

Planning versus Control

Planning decisions set the objectives to be accomplishedand an agreed program of the activities required toaccomplish that objective. In other words - we must do A,B and C etc to achieve our objective.

Control decisions check the accomplishment of theactivities and the agreed procedure for further activities oreven changes to the objective, if the outcome of eachactivity is not in accordance with the planning decisionsalready made.

Constructability

Constructability is the optimum

integration of construction knowledge

and experience in planning, engineering,

procurement and field operations to

achieve overall project objectives.

(CII 1983)

No Door?

List of activities for a ‘Project’

A. Getting upB. Going to the bathroomC. Getting dressedD. Making breakfastE. Collecting the newspaperF. Eating breakfastG. Reading the paperH. Washing upI. Get briefcaseJ. Leave and lock door

Precedence diagram

A B C D E F

G H I J

Who does the planning?

• Senior management

• Client organization

• Estimating department

• Design team

• Site management team

• Subcontractors

Construction Description or Work List

- Describe your activities- State any assumptions made

Method statement

• Method study techniques

Erection of timber framed partitions in two-storey blocks of units.

Framing material: Timber 35-45 x 90-120 mm.Activity contentStarting point: Material in materials storage areaContent: Transportation Erection of frame including bottom plate, studs, top plate and noggins.Finishing point: Frame ready for claddingWork timeAccumulated work time (t) in hours/m2 for 5000 m2 wall areaAverage area (m2) of each panel 4 5 7 10 15Transportation of materials 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Erection of frames with studs at centres: 0.4 m 0.33 0.30 0.26 0.24 0.21 0.6 m 0.29 0.25 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.9 m 0.25 0.22 0.19 0.16 0.14 Quantity of workCorrection factors for work time at different total quantity of workQuantity of work (m2) 500 1000 2000 5000 10000Correction factor 1.27 1.18 1.10 1.00 0.93

Slower Faster

Learning curve

Time/unit

Number of units

Special considerations

• Small site

• Geotechnical problems

• Remote location

• etc

Activities networks

Precedence network

A B C D E

F G

Arrow & Node network

1 2 3 5 6 7

4

Barchart

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 DayExcavationFormworkReinforcingConcretingCuringForm stripping

Heartbeat diagram

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 DayExcavationFormworkReinforcingConcretingCuringForm stripping

Calendar 2007 March April 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Activity M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S A H B O C L D I

E D F A Y

Linked Barchart (Gantt chart)

A

B

C

D

E

Activity Draw a bar chart based on the following information

Activity Duration (days) Depends on--------------------------------------------------------------------A 5 Can start immediatelyB 5 AC 12 AD 3 CE 6 B and 2/3 of CF 8 B and 2/3 of CG 14 AH 5 D, E, F and G

Solution

5 10 15 20 25 30

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H