GBMc Associates

219 Brown Lane Bryant, AR 72022

June 19, 2017

Mr. Joseph Goss Operational Excellence Manager Mondi Pine Bluff 1701 Jefferson Parkway White Hall, AR 71602

RE: Sludge Pond Investigation GBMc No.2060-17 -500

Dear Mr. Goss,

(501 ) 847-7077 (501 ) 847-7943 fax ,,B~Jrc \_7 __ f 1

GBMc & Associates (GBMc) has completed an investigation to determine the current as-constructed dimensions of Sludge Ponds #1 and #2 at the Mondi Pine Bluff facility. Field work was conducted on June 7-9, 2017. The investigation team included a land survey crew to establish the pond layout and reference elevations, and geotechnical crew to determine the approximate bottom of sludge/top of pond bottom and collect core samples of the pond bottom material for visual classification.

The objective of this effort was to compare the current as-constructed conditions to the earliest information available on the ponds, a Weyerhaeuser Company plot plan (Dwg. No. 18F6418, 5/11/81 , attached) depicting the areal extent and volume of each pond. Using the stated capacities and areas from the drawing to calculate average depth, we derived a value of 8 feet for each pond. Additionally, Section 10 of the facility's Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality Permit No. 5115-WR-4 for land application of wastewater treatment byproducts describes depths of 10 feet for Pond #1 and 11.4 feet for Pond #2 taking into account presumed 3:1 interior slopes of the ponds.

A Terracon Consultants, Inc. geotechnical crew probed through the sludge layer to determine the interface between the base of the pond and the bottom of the sludge, then used a Shelby tube to collect a soil core of the pond bottom material for visual classification. The enclosed Terracon report describes the results of the field investigation and logs depicting the measured depths and underlying soils of Sludge Pond #1 and #2. The average depth from top of sludge to base of the pond in Sludge Pond #1 is 18.3 feet. The average depth from top of sludge to base of the pond in Sludge Pond #2 is 19.5 feet. Neither pond has 3:1 side slopes, with approximate average slope in Pond #1 at 1.6:1 and in Pond #2 at 1.9: 1.

Thus, Sludge Pond #1 and Sludge Pond #2 are not currently constructed as described by ADEQ Permit No. 5115-WR-4.

We appreciate the opportunity to provide environmental consulting services to the Mondi Pine Bluff facility. If you or any of the Mondi Pine Bluff personnel have any questions regarding this matter, please contact me at 501-847-7077.

Sincerely, GBMc & Associates

Chuck Campbell, , REM Principal/Senior Engineer

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Geotechnical Engineering Report Sludge Pond Liner Investigation

Mondi Pine Bluff Paper Mill Pine Bluff, Arkansas

June 17, 2017 Project No. 35165178

Prepared for:

GBMc and Associates Bryant, Arkansas

Prepared by:

Terracon Consultants, Inc. Little Rock, Arkansas

June 17, 2017

GBMc and Associates 219 Brown Lane Bryant, Arkansas 72022

Attn : Mr. Chuck Campbell P: [501] 847 7077 E: [email protected]

Re: Geotechnical Engineering Report Sludge Pond Liner Investigation Mondi Pine Bluff Paper Mill Pine Bluff, Arkansas Terracon Project Number: 35165178

Dear Mr. Campbell:

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Terracon Consultants, Inc. (Terracon) has completed the geotechnical engineering services for the above referenced project. This study was performed in general accordance with our Proposal Number P35165178, dated May 4, 2017. This report presents the findings of the subsurface exploration and laboratory testing services.

We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to you on this project. If you have any questions concerning this report, or if we may be of further service, please contact us.

Sincerely, Terracon Consultants, Inc. Certificate of Authorization No. 223, expires 12/31/2017

Joshua D. Farler, G.I.T. Local Exploration Manager

Daniel E. Pickett, P.E. (TX and LA) Senior Geotechnical Engineer

Enclosures cc: 3+pdf- Above

Christopher S. Handley, P.E. Geotechnical Department Manager

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................. .. .............................................................................. 1 2.0 PROJECT INFORMATION .............................................................................................. 1

2 0 1 Site Location and Project Description ................................................................... 1 3.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ......................................................................................... 2

3 0 1 Geology oooo o oooooo oo o o o o o o ooooo oo oo o ooooo o o o o ooooo oo o oo o o o ooo o o oo o o oo o o o o o ooo o o o o o oo o oo o o o o oooo oo o o o oo ooo ooo0oo o 0 0 0 000 2

3 0 2 Typical Profile 000 0 00 00000000 000 o oooooooooo o oooooo oooooo o oooooo o o 0 0 00 o o oo o o o o o o o oo o o oo o o o ooo o ooo oo 00 0 00 00 0 0 0000 00 0 000 2

3 0 3 Findings 0 000 0 0000000 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0000000 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 o o ooo ooooooo o o o o o oooooooooooo oo o o oo o o o o oooo o o o o o oo oo oooooo0 o 000000 2

3.4 Sample Storage oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oo o o oo oo o oo oo o o o oo o o ooooo oo oo o ooooooo o oo o o o ooo ooo 3

4.0 GENERAL COMMENTS .................................................................................................. 3

APPENDIX A- SUPPORTING INFORMATION Exhibit A-1

Exhibit A-2

Exhibit A-3

Exhibits A-4 through A-10

Exhibits A-11 through A-16

Site Location Plan Boring Location Plan Field Exploration Description Boring Logs Photographs

Terracon Consultants , Inc . 25809 1-30 South Bryant, Arkansas 72022 P [501]847 9292 F [501]847 9210 terracon .com

Geotechnical • Environmental • Construction Materials • Facilities

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING REPORT SLUDGE POND LINER INVESTIGATION

MONDI SLUDGE PONDS 1 AND 2 PINE BLUFF, ARKANSAS

Project No. 35165178 June 16, 2017

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Geotechnical engineering services have been completed for the sludge pond liner investigation of Sludge Ponds 1 and 2 at the Mondi Pine Bluff Paper Mill in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Seven borings, designated as B-1 through B-7, were performed to depths of about 17 to 24 feet below the pond surface. This report provides a summary of the sludge pond subsurface conditions. Logs of the borings along with site and boring location plans are included in Appendix A of this report.

The purpose of the subsurface exploration is to determine the existence of a pond clay liner and the clay liner thickness (if possible) and to obtain soil samples from the clay liner for visual soil classification, and possible subsequent laboratory testing including Atterberg limits, amount passing the No. 200 sieve, and permeability. Laboratory testing was not authorized for this phase of the investigation. Any test results will be compared to current Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) regulations and will help to determine if the ponds meet "10-State Standards" requirements. We understand this determination will be performed by GBMc & Associates.

2.0 PROJECT INFORMATION

2.1 Site Location and Project Description

Item

Location

Existing improvements

Current ground cover

Existing topography

Description

See Exhibits A-1 , Site Location Plan and A-2 , Boring Location Plan

Mondi Pine Bluff Paper Mill , Sludge Ponds 1 and 2, Pine Bluff, Arkansas

Sludge ponds

Sludge and brushy vegetation, sparse water

Sludge ponds surrounded by approximately 15-foot high levees

Responsive • Resourceful • Reliable 1

Geotechnical Engineering Report Mondi Sludge Pond Liner Investigation • Pine Bluff, Arkansas June 16, 2017 • Terracon Project No. 35165178

3.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS

3.1 Geology

Formation 1

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Description

Gulf Coastal Plain

Terrace Deposits Quaternary Period Holocene Epoch

The terrace deposits include a complex sequence of unconsolidated gravels, sandy gravels, silty sands, silts, clayey silts, and clays. The individual deposits are often lenticular and discontinuous. The lower contact is unconformable. The thickness is variable.

1. Interactive Geologic Map of Arkansas and Geological Google Earth files published by the Arkansas Geological Survey, 2015, www.geology.ar.gov

2. "Stratigraphic Summary of Arkansas", published by the Arkansas Geological Commission, 1998, revised 2004

3.2 Typical Profile

Based on the results of the borings, subsurface conditions at the project site can be generalized as follows:

Description Approximate Depth to

Material Encountered Consistency/Density Bottom of Stratum (feet)

Stratum 1 15 to 21 Waste sludge --

Stratum 2 From 8.8 to 10.8 feet at Boring

Sandy lean clay --B-1 only

Below termination depths of

Stratum 3a 17.3 to 20.6 feet at Borings 8-1

Fat clay through B-3 --

20.2 at B-7

Below termination depths of 21 Sandy lean clay and lean

Stratum 3b to 24 feet at Borings 8-4 clay with silt

--through B-6

Stratum 4 Below termination depth of 22

Silty Sand --feet at B-7 only

3.3 Findings

Soil classification and descriptions shown on the boring logs and discussed in this report are based on visual observations of the soil samples. Laboratory testing of the soil samples to confirm



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the classifications and determine physical characteristics of the soil was not authorized in this phase of the investigation.

Based on the subsurface conditions observed at the boring locations, the fat clay observed at a depth of about 15 feet below the existing ground surface at Boring B-1 was the only sample that might be interpreted as a clay liner based on its different color and apparent very high plasticity of the sample when compared to the other samples. However, a natural soil structure appeared to be present in the sample, indicating that the clay may not be a constructed clay liner material. The soil samples collected at the other boring locations appeared to have characteristics of the native soil in this area based on their homogeneous color, composition and soil structure. Without having information about any clay liner's soil composition, color or how any clay liner may have been constructed , we cannot definitively state that the clay observed directly below the waste sludge is either a clay liner material or natural soils.

In our opinion, additional soil borings should be drilled outside the sludge pond, but adjacent to the levee as close as practical , to evaluate the native subsurface soil conditions. The soils collected from the additional borings should be compared to the soils obtained from the borings in the sludge pond for this exploration.

3.4 Sample Storage

Our exploration services include storing the collected soil samples and making them available for inspection for 60 days from the report date. The samples will then be discarded unless requested otherwise.

It is our understanding that GBMc does not wish to proceed with any laboratory testing at this time. The thin-walled (Shelby) tube samples were delivered to our office, extruded and sealed in plastic wrap and aluminum foil for possible future laboratory testing. Laboratory testing could include moisture content, unit weight, Atterberg limits, and hydraulic conductivity/permeability. The quality of the soil samples will deteriorate with time, and this could affect some laboratory results such as moisture content, density, and permeability. Please contact our office if GBMc would like us to proceed with laboratory testing .

4.0 GENERAL COMMENTS

The information in this report is based upon the data obtained from the borings performed at the indicated locations and from other information discussed in this report. This report does not reflect variations that may occur between the borings or due to the modifying effects of weather. The nature and extent of such variations may not become evident until during or after further exploration and/or construction. If variations appear, we should be immediately notified so that further evaluation can be provided.



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The scope of services for this project does not include either specifically or by implication any environmental assessment of the site or identification or prevention of pollutants, hazardous materials or conditions. If the owner is concerned about the potential for such contamination or pollution , other studies should be undertaken.

This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application to the project discussed and has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering practices. No warranties, either express or implied, are intended or made.


APPENDIX A SUPPORTING INFORMATION

Project Manager: Project No.

~~--~J~DF,~--~3~51~6~51~7~8, Drawn by: JDF Scai':A_s SHOWN

Checked by: SPB

Approved by: DEP

File Nam§LP-BLP

Date: 6/16/20 17

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY PROVIDED BY GOOGLE EARTH

lrerracon 25809130

Bryant, AR 72022-9313

SITE LOCATION PLAN

Mondi Sludge Pond Pine Bluff, Arkansas Exhibit A-1

N

DIAGRAM IS FOR GENERAL LOCATION ONLY, AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES

Project Manager: Project No.

lrerracon JDF 35165178 Drawn by: Scale:

JDF AS SHOWN Checked by:

SPB File Na"!iP-BLP 25809130

Approved by: Date: Bryant, AR 72022-9313 DEP 6/1 6/2017

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY PROVIDED BY GOOGLE EARTH

BORING LOCATION PLAN

Mondi Sludge Pond Pine Bluff, Arkansas

Exhibit A-2


Field Exploration Description

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Seven exploratory soil borings were drilled at the site on June 7 through June 9, 2017. The borings were drilled to depths of about 17 to 24 feet below the sludge surface at the approximate locations shown on Exhibit A-2 Boring Location Plan. Representatives from GBMc and Associates were present during the drilling operations and provided surveyors to measure the location coordinates and surface elevations at the borings, the pond bottom elevation and pond surface water elevation.

The boring locations were accessed by using an aerial man lift capable of extending 80 feet over the ponds from the levees. The boreholes were advanced using hand auger techniques and sampled either from the hand auger cuttings or by driving 3-inch diameter, thin-walled tube samplers (Shelby tubes) into the clay soils with aT-post driver. The borings were backfilled with time release bentonite pellets at the completion of each boring in an attempt to reseal any existing clay liner.

The samples were tagged for identification, sealed inside the steel Shelby tube to reduce moisture loss, and taken to our laboratory for storage.

Field logs were prepared by the field engineer or geologist. The logs included visual classifications of the materials observed during drilling as well as the engineer's interpretation of the subsurface conditions between samples. After discussing with GBMc, the Shelby tube samples were extruded in our laboratory and visually examined by a Geotechnical Engineer to better classify the soils. Photographs of the soil samples were taken. The final boring logs, Exhibits A-4 through A-1 0, represent the engineer's modifications based on laboratory observation of the samples. Photographs of the soil samples are included as Exhibits A-11 through A-16.

Responsive • Resourceful • Reliable Exhibit A-3

BORING LOG NO. B-1 Page 1 of 1

PROJECT: Sludge Pond Liner Investigation CLIENT: GBMc and Associates 219 Brown Lane Bryant, Arkansas

SITE: Mondi Pine Bluff, Arkansas Mondi Pine Bluff Pc: per Mill

LOCATION See Exhibit A-2 __,<fl

~ "'"""''-''' i1EST !AI~~~~~"'-' (!) ~ c 0 wz f->Q ~ >--" --' Q;. (f)<fl a:;=- -a.

(.) latitude: 34.265478" Longitude: -92.017321" Wf- w>- w I ~

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f- a:> o:::J ~ (!)_ z >-w >-I 0.. 0.. wa: __,<fl z- <>-- a:\2 LL-PL-PI ~ w f-W wW f- w2l ~ 3:z

Surface Elev.: 212.27 (Ft.) 0 <{(/) -a: Ul a:- 0 ow (!) 3:"' "- w f- f- (.) 3:

I DEPTH Fl FVATION (Ft.) 0 f- Ul (/)

• ~.black - ._srz_

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115_0 SLUDGE black :g r. 197.5 15-

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195 -g Boring Tenninated at 17.3 Feet --' f-a: < ::;; (/)

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>-' a: 0 0.. w a: --' < z (3 a' 0 ::;; 0 a: "-0 w f- 1lines are . lr>-situ, the transition may be gradual. ~ < 0.. w Ul Method: See Exhibit A-3 for description of field procedures. Notes: ~ Hand Auger 0 Pond 1 :J See Appendix B for description of laboratory Bottom of pond elevation= 197.27 feet <{ > procedures and additional data (if any). Soil classification based on visual obseM!tions f-

See Appendix C for explanation of symbols and 0 ~"uu" "c"' Method: z Borings backfilled with bentonite pellets upon completion abbreviations.

~ (!) 0 --' WATER LEVEL riONS

lrerracon !Boring Started: 6/6/2017 (!) Boring Completed: 6/6/2017 ~ _sz_ 3 ft While drilling

Drill Rig: ~ _srz_ 1 ft At ·ofdril/ing Driller. JF

25809130 J: Bryant, AR Project No.: 35165178 !Exhibit: A-4 f-

BORING LOG NO. B-2 1 of 1


SITE: Mondi

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Pine Bluff, Arkansas

LOCAT ION See El<hibit A-2

latitude: 34.265992• Longitude: -92.017236•

Boring Terminated at 20.6 Feet

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Started: 6/6/2017 Completed: 6/6/2017

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No.: 35165178 El<hibit:

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BORING LOG NO. 8-3 1 of 1


SITE: Mondi Pine Bluff, Arkansas

0 LOCATION See Exhibit A-2 0 _J

~ Latitude: 34.266025• Longitude: -92.016184•

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SLUDGE. black, softer at about 11.6 feet

EAT CLAY ICHl , brown


@ ~ __ _L ________ ~------~--~--~~--~~--~--~~------L---~L_~ __ _L ____________ L_ __ L_ ____ L_ __ ~--~----L_ ______ _L __ -4 ~ Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual.

~ ~ Lw~~~Whc~----------------------~;::::~~::==~~7.:==~~~~-----------------------------l I I Method: See Exhibit A-3 for description of field procedures. Notes: !!o Hand Auger Pond

1 See Appendix B for description of laboratory

._-----------------------------------------1 procedures and additional data (if any). See Appendix C for explanation of symbols and abbreliations.

lrerracon 25809130

AR

Bottom of pond elevation= 194.43 feet Soil dassification based on lisual observations

Boring Started: 6f7/2017 Boring Completed: 6f7/2017

Drill Rig: Driller. JF

BORING LOG NO. 8-4 PROJECT: Sludge Pond Liner Investigation CLIENT: GBMc and Associates

219 Brown Lane Bryant, Arkansas


t? LOCATION See Exhibit A-2 0 ....J

~ Latitude: 34.26541r Longitude: -92.016298°

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SANDY LEAN CLAY brown

Boring Terminated at 24 Feet

Surface Elev.: 212.76 (Ft.)

ELEVATION

Stratification lines are appml<imate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual.

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Advancement Method: Hand Auger

See Exhibit A-3 for description of field procedures.

See Appendix B for description of laboratory

1------------------------l procedures and additional data (if any).

Abandonment Method: Borings backfi lled with bentonite pellets upon completion

See Appendix C for explanation of symbols and abbrevlations.

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Notes:

Pond 1 Bottom of pond elevation= 191.76 feet Soil dassification based on l.isual observations

1 of 1

LL-PL-PI

lrerracan Started: 6/8/2017 Boring Completed: 6/8/2017

25809130 AR

Drill Rig:

Project No .. 35165178

Driller. JF

Exhibit: A-7

BORING LOG NO. 8-5 PROJECT: Sludge Pond Liner Investigation CLIENT: GBMc and Associates



c.:> LOCATION See El<hibit A-2 0 _J

~ Latitude: 34.265404• Longitude: -92.015833•

0..

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~. gray and black, slightly harder at about 14.8 feet

LEAN CLAY WITH SILT !Cll, with fine sand, brown no recovery



..-----------------------1 procedures and additional data (if any). See Appendix C for elq)ianation of symbols and abbreliations.

Pond 2 Bottom of pond elevation= 193.07 feet Soil dassification based on lisual observations

1 of 1

LL-PL-PI

lrerracan Boring Started: 6f7/2017 Boring Completed: 6f7/2017

25809130 AR

Drill Rig:

No.: 35165178

.JF

El<hibit:

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BORING LOG NO. B-6 PROJECT: Sludge Pond Liner Investigation CLIENT: GBMc and Associates



C!l LOCAT ION See Exhibit A-2 0 _J

~ Latitude: 34.266002° Longitude: -92.01567°

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LEAN CLAY WITH SILT tCLl , with fi ne sand, brown

Boring Terminated at 21 Feet

1 of 1

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w ~ __ _L __ ~----~------~--~~--~--~~------~--------L---~--~---L------------~--~----L---~--~----L-------~--~ ~ Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual.

~ W ~------------------------------------~~--------------------------~------------------------------------~ (/) Advancement Method: See Exhibit A-3 for description of field procedures. Notes: !!: Hand Auger


._------------------------------------------1 procedures and additional data (if any).

I Al>andor~ment Method: Borings backfilled with bentonite pellets upon completion

See Appendix C for explanation of symbols and abbreliations.

lrerracon 25809130

, AR

Pond 2 Bottom of pond elevation= 193.63 feet Soil classification based on lisual observations

BORING LOG NO. B-7

>-' a: 0 a.

PROJECT: Sludge Pond Liner Investigation


o LOCATION See Exhibit A-2 0 ...J

~ Latitude: 34.265974" Longitude: -92.014774"

0..

(2 (!)

SILTY SANP ISM). Poorly graded, medium grained, brown

~~~~~~--~~--~--~~~~~----------------------~ --' Boring Terminated at 22 Feet ;2 (3 ~ 0 ::;: 0 a: lL

Cl

CLIENT: GBMc and Associates 219 Brown Lane Bryant, Arkansas

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~ w ~----------------------------------------r-----------------------------r---------------------------------------~ cn Advancement Method:

Hand Auger Notes:

Pond 2

See Exhibit A-3 for description of field procedures.

Bottom of pond elevation= 191 .8 feet Soil classification based on ,;sual observations


Responsive • Resourceful • Reliable

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B-1 Shelby Tube sample.

Recovery = 16 inches


Close up of clay structure

Exhibit A-11



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Recovery = 20 inches


Close up of clay structure

Exhibit A-12



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B-3 Shelby Tube sample. Recovery= 12.5 inches

B-3 Shelby Tube sample. Close up of clay structure

Exhibit A-13



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B-4 Shelby Tube sample. Recovery= 20.5 inches


Exhibit A-14



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B-6 Shelby Tube sample. Recovery = 17 inches


Exhibit A-15



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B-7 Shelby Tube sample. Recovery = 22 inches


Exhibit A-16

GBMc Associates

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