Gateway and Trunk Concepts
description
Transcript of Gateway and Trunk Concepts
![Page 1: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gateway and Trunk Concepts
Chapter 07
![Page 2: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Process of Converting Voice to Packet
0
![Page 3: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Encoding Voice into Binary
mu-law 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 is a positive value 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 is a negative value
![Page 4: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Choosing a Voice Codec
![Page 6: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/modules/ps3115/ps6024/prod_qas0900aecd8016c6ad_ps3115_Products_Q_and_A_Item.html
![Page 10: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
RTP and RTCP
– Real-time Transport Protocol• Sequence numbers• Time stamps
• Real-time Transport Control Protocol– Packet count– Packet delay– Packet loss– Jitter (delay variations)
![Page 11: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Trunking CME to the PSTN
![Page 13: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Trunking CME to Other VoIP Systems
![Page 15: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
H.323
• The first VoIP
![Page 17: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SIP
• Session Initation Protocol– NEXT Generation of H.323
![Page 21: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MGCP
• Media Gateway Control Protocol– First true client/server VoIP signaling protocol• “Call agent”
– Not as widely supported as H.323 or SIP
![Page 24: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
SCCP
• Skinny Client Control Protocol– Only Cisco proprietary protocol in use today– Its function is to provide signaling between the
Cisco Unified Communication Manager and the Cisco IP phones
![Page 25: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ITSP (Internet Telephony Service Providers)
• Vonage• Verizon• at&t• Ooma
![Page 26: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
VoIP ISP in USA (sample list)
• Best• X-Voice• Magic Jack• Nextiva• Avaya• Lingo• Zimbio• NEC• Ooma
• 8x8• Talk Switch• Cisco• ShoreTel• Intalk• Viatalk• VoIP.com• ITP• Vonage
![Page 29: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Configuring and Verifying Gateway and Trunk
Chapter 08
![Page 31: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Configuring Analog Ports
• FXS• FXO
![Page 33: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
FXS
Foreign Exchange Station Ports
• Signaling types– Ground start– Loop start
![Page 34: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
FXO
Foreign Exchange Office
![Page 39: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Configuring Digital Voice Ports
• T1 CAS PSTN interfaces• T1 CCS PSTN interfaces
• PBXs use E&M• CAS typically uses loop start
![Page 40: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Configuring a T1 CAS PSTN Interface
• Turn to page 253
![Page 41: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Configuring a T1 CCS PSTN Interface
• Turn to page 257
![Page 43: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Dial Peers (POTS & VoIP Dial Peers)
![Page 44: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Voice Call Legs
![Page 45: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Configuring POTS Dial Peers
![Page 47: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Dial Peer Wildcards
![Page 53: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Private Line Automatic Ringdown
• PLAR• FXS PLAR • FXO PLAR
![Page 57: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Router Call Processing & Digit Manipulation
![Page 61: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers
![Page 65: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Matching Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers
![Page 66: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Failovers & Multiple Voice Paths
![Page 67: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Redirecting Operator Calls
![Page 69: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Centralizing PSTN Access
![Page 71: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Using Translation Profiles
![Page 73: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
QoS (Quality of Service)
• Bandwidth• Delay– Fixed delay– Variable delay– Jitter (delay variations)– Packet loss
End-to-end delay budget: <150 msJitter: 30 <30 msPacket loss: <1%
![Page 76: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Cisco AutoQoS
Advantages over manual QoS configuration• Reduces time of deployment• Provides configuration consistency• Reduces deployment cost• Still allows for manual tuning
![Page 77: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
![Page 79: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Gateway and Trunk Concepts](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681637c550346895dd45a2b/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)