Gas CCS in the UK UK CCSRC Gas CCS Meeting Sussex University … › sites › default › files ›...
Transcript of Gas CCS in the UK UK CCSRC Gas CCS Meeting Sussex University … › sites › default › files ›...
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Gas CCS in the UK
UK CCSRC Gas CCS Meeting
Sussex University25th June 2014
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Tom Snow Design Development Engineer
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Agenda
• Overview of SSE
• Application of CCS to new build CCGT plant
• Peterhead CCS Project
• Overview of Peterhead Power Station
• Overview of Peterhead Carbon Capture Process
• Interfaces between Peterhead Power station and the carbon capture process
• Conclusions
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Overview of SSE
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Wholesale – Generation• 11,500MW of electricity generation capacity in total (UK and
Ireland)
• Most diversity in fuel sources among UK generators
• 3,326MW of capacity for generating electricity from renewable sources
– Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind - 500MW
– Clyde Onshore Wind – 350 MW
– Hydro – 1500 MW
• 3,009MW of coal-fired capacity with biomass ‘co-firing’ capability
• 4,262MW of gas- and oil-fired capacity, including share of Marchwood, one of the UK’s most efficient gas-fired power stations
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Application of CCS to new build CCGT
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New CCGT plant permit applications must demonstrate CCS readiness
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High level concept report typically prepared considering:
• Choice of capture technology – Post combustion scrubbing with amine
• Indicative CCS plant layout
• Pipeline route and storage site
• Economic assessment
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CCS readiness
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• Exhaust duct take off
• Adaptability of steam extraction from steam turbine to supply CCS re-boilers
• Sufficient space in turbine building to allow for steam extraction and installation of additional equipment
• Provision for additional electrical auxiliary load
• Provision for additional cooling duty
• Raw water supply and waste water treatment
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CCS readiness
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For more information see The ‘Carbon Capture Readiness’ DECC guidance note
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Peterhead CCS Project
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• July 2012 – Shell & SSE initial Bid toDECC
• October 2012 – DECC down select 4Bidders to take through the BidImprovement Process (BIP)
• January 2013 – Shell submittedImproved Bid on behalf of Shell & SSE
• March 2013 – Peterhead CCS and WhiteRose Projects selected by DECC to takeforward
• February 2014 – Negotiations finalisedwith DECC and FEED contract signed
• March 2014 – FEED contractcommences
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History of project
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Project Execution
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Overview of Peterhead Power Station
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Peterhead Power Station CCGT Capacity 1180 MW 15
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Peterhead History
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1973 1980 1985 1991 1998 2010 NOW
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Peterhead Power Station
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Peterhead Power Station ‘Block 1’ CCGT
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Overview of Peterhead Carbon Capture Process
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Why CCS at Peterhead, Why in Scotland?
Capture at Peterhead
• Existing Grid Connection, Utility capacity and fuel supply
• Existing available land
• Workforce
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Why CCS at Peterhead, Why in Scotland?
Transport and Store • Existing Pipeline Infrastructure
• Existing Platform (Goldeneye), Wells and Reservoir
• Goldeneye reservoir well studied – Good candidate for storage of CO2
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Overview of the Peterhead CCs project
• CO2 capture from one gas turbine flue gas stream (GT13) at Peterhead power station.
• ~400MW post combustion retrofit
• Capture rate of 1m tonnes p.a. for anticipated 10-year period
• Capacity for at least 20m tonnes CO2 in the Goldeneye reservoir with significant expansion potential in the aquifer
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Overview of Full CCS Chain
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Overview of Full CCS Chain
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Capture Plant Location
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Capture Plant
Location
Dense Phase Compression
GT13
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Interfaces between Peterhead and CCP Plant
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CCS steam requirements and options of supply
• CCS steam requirements ~50% Low pressure steam (3.5bar/150oC)
• Utilise block 1 in current configuration with minimal changes to the steam turbine
• Block 1 steam turbine re-sizing
• New steam turbine
• Positioned on the existing unit 2 plinth
• A standalone new steam turbine house
• A boiler
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Steam Cycle Simplified – ‘Block 1’ CC2/3
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HRSG LP steam
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Unit 1 Steam Turbine
• U1 is a 660 MW GEC machine. Two main process/mechanical constraints – HP and LP stages
• HP swallowing capacity too large for low ‘CC1’ steam flow rates
• Risk of windage heating, HP exhaust trip level 420oC, P.R < 1.4
• CS cold reheat pipework creep damage risk
• LP cylinder (2x double-flow, LD66 7.8 m2 annuli), 20% recommended minimum exhaust flowrate:
• Last stage blade vibration leading to fatigue cracking
• Casing and blade overheating due to windage
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Unit 1 Steam Turbine Resizing and CCS
• HP constraint will be addressed by HP/IP resizing (Contract signed)
• CC1 will be possible, GT min load LP exhaust flowrate (just) > 20%
• But, if CCP steam extraction taken, LP flowrates < 20%
• Sensitivity of low flows on LD66 37” blades has recently increased with issues elsewhere in the fleet
• Conclusion: CC1+CCP not recommended on U1
• LP resizing considered but ruled out due to wide operating range required: CC1+CCP to CC3 no CCP
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Unit 1 Steam Turbine Resizing and CCS
• CC2/CC3+CCP operation possible, but which steam source?
• IP/LP crossover pipe not practical, size and location
• IP (HRH) steam 15 bar minimum
• Not very efficient way to supply LP steam to CCP
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New Steam Turbine ‘ST13’ options
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Steam turbine operational regime post CCS• New Steam Turbine ST13
• Operating in ‘CC1’ mode with GT/HRSG 13
• Steam extraction from IP/LP crossover
• Remainder of Block 1 to operate in CC1 or CC2 modes
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Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas
• GT exhaust gas
• Quite Important for the process with its CO2
• Tapping downstream of HRSG with booster fan
• GT13 flue left open with Fan pressure control, some leakage ‘up or down’ inevitable, but lower risk for HRSG ductwork integrity
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Selective Catalytic Reduction
• Shell wish to minimise NO2 to reduce amine solvent degradation and production of by-products
• HRSG is ‘SCR ready’ with space
• ST design pressure influencing factor on flue gas temperature
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Cooling Water
• Current abstraction licence based on 2x 660MW Rankine Units gives flexibility
• Block 13 and Block 1
• CCP and Compression & Conditioning Plant
• Various options still under investigation, all involve new pipework to CCP
• Upgrade CW pump(s) for higher head, including extensive modifications in ‘pit’
• Unmodified CW pumps, retain condenser philosophy of syphonic system, more complicated CCP cooling circuits
• Unmodified CW pumps with CCP booster pump station
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Cooling Water
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Conclusions
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• CCGT Technology has an important part to play to help meet the UK’s electricity demand in a ‘low carbon’ future
• CCS on CCGT technology must be demonstrated to prove technology at an industrial scale
• If demonstration successful there is potential for further roll out• Work undertaken to date by SSE/Shell confirms the suitability of
Peterhead PS to provide necessary materials and interfaces for a CCGT CCS demonstration project
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Thank you