Chapter 9: States of Consciousness Module 20: Sleep, Dreams & Body Rhythms .
Gamer Dreams Content Relevant to Consciousness in Sleep
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Transcript of Gamer Dreams Content Relevant to Consciousness in Sleep
The Interviews
• Content analysis of 56 dreams collected from 27 high-end video game players
• Interview contained questions such as:
Do video games come up in your dreams? If so how?
Tell me your most recent dream. a. When did you have this dream? Were
video games in some way part of the dream? Was it lucid? Could you control it? Were you watching the action?
Tell me your most recent dream which in some way included video games.
a. When did you have this dream? Was it lucid? Could you control it? Were you watching the
action?
• Prompts: an advantage of interviews
Expected results
• Higher control of dreams (Gackenbach, 2006)
• Greater physical sensation (Gackenbach, 1988)
The Scale
• Coding was based on interview questions and further elaborated, drawing upon the literature of dream lucidity and control
• Content analysis included scales for:
- palpable sensations
- balance
- video game or media content
- lucidity
- control
- observer perspective
Employing the Scale
• Only the descriptions of the dream itself were scored
• Lucidity was not assumed
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #028: Simultaneously participating and watching the action
Daniel: It was like there was a camera in my house and I was watching it from the camera.
Jayne: Were you also in your body?Daniel: Yeah, kind of both. When I woke up I knew it was
supposed to be a dream like I knew it should be a dream but while I was dreaming it I guess I didn’t know I just thought that was the normal way that you see things because you’re asleep and you really don’t know…The person watching has no real feelings, like holy crap he’s dead kind of feelings but sort of laughing. The person watching would have the feelings of my friend if I told my friend, those feelings like kinda laughing and you’re screwed kind of thing. But the person inside: really mad
Coded as “3” on variable “SELFLO”
Chi-Squared Test
Self Location (Point of View)
05
1015202530354045
primarily in thedream ego
flipped back andforth betweenthe dream egoand watcher
both in thedream ego and
in the watcher atonce
primarily in thewatcher
# o
f D
ream
s
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #017: Video game reference
Craig: I had played a game called Bomber Man where you just run around and put bombs down and explode areas so that you can leap past and there’s like monsters running around that can kill you or you have to blow them up and I remember in the dream I was down like in 3D I was the bomber man type guy and there were these monsters on these blocks and I was running around and my whole family was there actually and we were running away from them as fast as we could.
Coded as “1” on variable “VIDEO”
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #014: Lucidity triggered by an event
Michael: Well, once Jean Grey got loose and started killing people, I was like this is really weird this is
probably a dream and it was like right after that she showed up and I told myself that I need to wake up. I thought that something bad was supposed to happen and I didn’t want it to happen so I should wake up.
Coded as “1” on variable “LUCID” and as “1” on variable LUEMER1
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #030: Emotional involvement in dream action
Tom: I remember this one time I was in the river valley in the trees and it’s kind of similar to Edmonton but it’s not like the mountains there’s not pine trees or whatever and five guys kind of came up on me and I got freaked out because they were going to jump me or whatever and I was punching them and killing them and then I was like oh what did I do and I was trying to bury the bodies and stuff
Coded as “1” on variable “WATCHEMO”
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #027: Emotional involvement in dream action
Jayne: Okay, were you afraid in the dream?
Jacob: No no I was just kinda like oh that’s kind of interesting but nothing really… not really afraid of it I was kinda just like oh okay
Coded as “2” on variable “WATCHEMO”
Chi-Squared Test
Watcher Emotions
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Emotionally involved inthe dream action
Neutral or uninvolved inthe dream action
No reference
# o
f D
ream
s
Scale Dimensions
• Subject #007: Palpable sensations
James: “one dream I was running away from I don’t even know what it was but then Donkey Kong just appears with a mallet and hits me with it over the head.”
Coded as “1” on variable “Palpa”
Chi-Squared Test
Palpable Sensations
05
101520253035404550
Present Unsure Absent (no reference)
# o
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ream
s
Scale Dimensions
• Subject # 002: Control
Steve: I’m back in high school and I can’t open my locker, I can’t remember the combination and I’m not sure where I’m supposed to be.
Coded as “2” on variable “CONSEL”, “1” on variable “CONEV”, and “1” on variable “CONSCE”
Chi-Squared Test *not significant
Control of Events
0
5
10
15
20
no mention none low medium high
# o
f D
ream
s
Chi-Squared Test
Control of Characters
0
5
10
15
20
25
no mention none low medium high
# o
f D
ream
s
Chi-Squared Test
Balance of Emotions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
present (calm) unsure absent (any kind ofemotion even
mixed)
no reference Total
# o
bs
erv
ati
on
s
Factor Analysis - varimax rotation
Variables 1 2 3 4
words in dream (hi is lot) .071 .789 .283 .095
palpable recoded (hi is lot) .187 .669 -.115 -.517
balance emotions (hi is lot) .889 .045 .213 .096
video game dreams (hi is lot) -.454 .306 .517 -.121
media dreams (hi is lot) .203 -.124 .785 .003
lucid dreams (hi is lot) -.079 .714 .027 .262
sense of self location in dream (hi is watcher & lo is self in body)
.026 .206 -.131 .869
emotions of watcher in dream (hi neutral) .945 .076 -.048 -.156
mean of control variables ((hi is lot) -.016 .377 .659 -.096
References
• Gackenbach, J. (1988). The Psychological Content of Lucid versus Nonlucid Dreams. In Psychological Content, (pp. 181-219). New York: Plenum.
• Gackenbach, J.I. (2006). Video game play and lucid dreams: Implications for the development of consciousness. Dreaming: Journal of the Association for the Study of Dreams, 16(2), 96-110.