“In questions of science the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a single individual.”

Was born at Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564

Galileo was named after an ancestor, Galileo Bonaiut

At 11, he was sent off

to study in a Jesuit Monastery

In 1581, at the age of 17, he gave into his father’s wishes and entered the University of Pisa and took medicine just as what his father wanted him to do

In 1585, he gave up his courses in Medicine without completing his degree and pursued to become a Mathematics Teacher. Then, he began teaching Math privately in Florence

Vincenzo Galilei

Giulia Ammannati

Galileo’s Parents

The Ancient Greek scientist, Aristotle, taught that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones, a belief still held in Galileo's lifetime. But Galileo wasn't convinced. Experimenting with balls of different sizes and weights, he rolled them down ramps with various inclinations. His experiments revealed that all of the balls boasted the same acceleration independent of their mass.

Galileo is incorrectly credited with the creation of a telescope. Instead, he significantly improved upon them.

In 1609, he first learned of the existence of the spyglass, which excited him. He began to experiment with telescope-making. His telescope allowed him to see with a magnification of eight or nine times. In comparison, spyglasses of the day only provided a magnification of three.

He was the first to see craters on the moon, discover sunspots, and track the phases of Venus

And recent research seems to imply he discovered Neptune two centuries before it was officially known.

Of all of his telescope discoveries, he is perhaps most known for his discovery of the four most massive moons of Jupiter (Io, Ganymede, Europa, Callisto), now called the Galilean moons.

In Galileo's lifetime, all celestial bodies were thought to orbit the Earth.

Galileo, however, did not agree. His research — including his observations of the phases of Venus and the fact that Jupiter boasted moons that didn't orbit Earth — supported the Copernican system, which (correctly) stated that the Earth and other planets circle the sun.

He was warned not to teach or write about this controversial theory. But in 1632, believing that he could write on the subject if he treated it as a mathematical proposition, he published work on the Copernican system. He was found guilty of heresy, and was placed under house arrest for the remaining nine years of his life.

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci ( 15 April 1452 – 2 May 1519) was a painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer,botanist and writer.

Leonardo was, and is, renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam . Leonardo's drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin, textbooks, and T-shirts.

The Last Supper is fresco painting .Fresco painting is the type of painting that is painted in Thanjavur brahadeeshwara temple .

The Mona Lisa is a half-length portrait of a woman by Leonardo da Vinci, which has been acclaimed as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world."

The painting, thought to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, is in oil on a white Lombardy poplar panel, and is believed to have been painted between 1503 and 1506, although Leonardo may have continued working on it as late as 1517. It was acquired by King Francis I of France and is now the property of theFrench Republic, on permanent display at The Louvre museum in Paris since 1797

The Vitruvian Man is a drawing by Leonardo daVinci around 1490. It is accompanied by notes based on the work of the architect Vitruvius. The drawing, which is in pen and ink on paper, depicts a man in two superimposed positions with his arms and legs apart and inscribed in a circle and square. It is kept in the Gabinetto dei disegni e stampe of the Galleriedell'Accademia, in Venice, Italy, under reference 228. Like most works on paper, it is displayed to the public only occasionally