Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and...

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Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess Sandra Weixel, BYK-Gardner GmbH 10th BYK-Gardner User Meeting, Innsbruck Austria April 2013

Transcript of Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and...

Page 1: Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess ... • Total Sparkle Grade is determined as a ... BYK-Gardner GmbH, R&R

Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Sandra Weixel, BYK-Gardner GmbH

10th BYK-Gardner User Meeting, Innsbruck Austria – April 2013

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Surface quality

Color

Effect Orange Peel

Gloss

Distinctness of Image

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Visual Effect Judgement

Appearance of effect finishes depends

on illumination conditions:

Sunny sky: Direct illumination

• Color starts to sparkle

Cloudy sky: Diffused illumination

• Fine versus grainy pattern

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Visual Appearance of Effect Finishes under diffused lighting

Graininess:

Texture – Structure – Coarseness – Salt & Pepper

Viewing conditions:

• Diffused light

• Close observation distance

• Observation angle not important

Potential causes of graininess:

• Flake type – flake size

• Disorientation of flakes

• Agglomeration of particles

High

Graininess

Low

Graininess

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Visual Appearance of Effect Finishes under direct illumniation

Sparkle: Micro brightness – Glints – Diamonds

Viewing conditions:

• Spotlight ~ direct sun light conditions

• Observation angle critical: Sparkle impression changes

with illumination angle

Sparkle is generated by e.g.:

• Reflectivity of the individual effect

pigment (alu flakes, mica, Xirallics®)

• Amount of effect pigments

• Size of the aluminum flakes

• Flake orientation Sparkle 75°

High

Sparkle

Low

Sparkle

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Flake Characterization Evaluation of the optical properties of effect particles

• Camera Analysis: The spatial resolution of the CCD chip correlates to the spatial resolution of the human eye.

• Camera pictures are taken

under different light conditions

to simulate sunny sky and

cloudy sky.

• The sparkling impression is

evaluated under 3-illumination

angles: 15°- 45°-75°

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Camera pictures characterize Sparkle and Graininess

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Flake Characterization

Analysis of Sparkle Effect:

• Sparkling area is detected Not size

of the individual effect pigment

• Sparkling intensity is measured:

How strong is the light flash of the

effect pigment

• Total Sparkle Grade is determined as a

function of Sparkle area and Sparkle intensity

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Sparkle Tolerance Model

Tolerance within Grade > Tol. Grade to Grade

Tol_GF x Tol_Gr = 2 x 1

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

-12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

S = Total Sparkle Difference

• 2 - dimensional distance to standard

• Weighted with length of ellipse axis

Tol_S sets tolerance: Sparkle < Tol_S PASS

Sparkle > Tol_S FAIL

2

2

2

1

_*_

),,,(

_

),,,(

GFTolGrTol

dSiSidSaSaf

GrTol

dSiSidSaSafdS StdStdStdStd

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Flake Characterization

Analysis of Graininess Effect:

• Uniformity of light/dark areas is

evaluated and summarized in

a Graininess value

fine

grainy

4

8

2

6

12

10

15

14

0

• 1-dimensional scale:

relative dimension

• Solid color (very uniform)

Graininess = 0

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Influence of Number of Readings

● 6 full shade silver panels with different flake size: Metallux 2197 / 2194 / 3540 / 2153 / 214 / 212

Sparkle Graininess

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Influence of Number of Readings

Test conditions:

● Size of test panel 15 x 10 cm – 1 Operator

● Standard = Average of 5 readings

Std

Std

Std Std

Std

● Panel was re-measured with 6 single readings

Test results:

● Sparkle and Graininess using

- Single readings

- Average of 3 readings

- Average of 5 readings

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2194 (12 µm): Single readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Measurement_1 0,10 0,34 0,19 -0,01 -0,95 -0,23 -0,65 -0,32 -0,87 -0,05

Measurement_2 0,24 0,11 0,09 -0,70 -0,02 -0,26 -0,16 0,75 -0,04 -0,03

Measurement_3 0,28 0,16 0,05 0,08 -0,08 -0,07 1,68 -1,00 0,42 0,00

Measurement_4 0,09 0,22 0,13 -0,35 -0,52 -0,21 0,45 -0,44 -0,46 -0,01

Measurement_5 0,04 0,04 0,13 -0,10 0,11 0,20 0,36 -0,28 0,55 0,12

Measurement_6 0,09 0,07 0,05 -0,17 0,20 -0,02 0,75 -0,58 0,37 -0,01

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

6,26 7,31 7,32 17,64 23,92 21,22 4,35

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2194 (12 µm): Average of 3 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,05 0,13 0,08 -0,21 -0,35 -0,18 0,29 -0,19 -0,16 -0,03

Average_2 0,04 0,18 0,06 -0,15 -0,45 -0,08 0,06 -0,35 -0,26 0,02

Average_3 0,02 0,11 0,00 -0,09 -0,21 -0,02 0,16 -0,39 0,02 0,02

Average_4 0,09 0,09 0,06 -0,32 -0,21 -0,18 0,66 -0,23 -0,03 -0,01

Average_5 0,10 0,05 0,03 -0,38 -0,14 -0,09 0,22 0,01 0,02 0,02

Average_6 0,08 0,03 0,04 -0,32 0,10 -0,03 0,32 -0,04 0,29 0,02

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

6,26 7,31 7,32 17,64 23,92 21,22 4,35

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2194 (12 µm): Average of 5 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,05 0,12 0,05 -0,22 -0,29 -0,11 0,34 -0,26 -0,08 0,01

Average_2 0,06 0,14 0,02 -0,11 -0,25 -0,07 0,52 -0,52 0,00 0,01

Average_3 0,08 0,06 0,02 -0,25 -0,06 -0,07 0,62 -0,31 0,17 0,01

Average_4 0,06 0,12 0,06 -0,23 -0,28 -0,16 0,41 -0,32 -0,12 -0,02

Average_5 0,05 0,08 0,02 -0,18 -0,15 -0,08 0,40 -0,28 0,09 0,00

Average_6 0,07 0,10 0,04 -0,26 -0,24 -0,10 0,15 -0,17 -0,09 0,00

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

6,26 7,31 7,32 17,64 23,92 21,22 4,35

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2153 (25 µm): Single readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Measurement_1 0,26 0,14 0,23 -0,91 0,05 -1,29 0,06 0,72 0,32 -0,03

Measurement_2 0,24 0,18 0,19 -0,99 -0,33 -1,46 0,44 -0,61 1,07 -0,05

Measurement_3 0,24 0,57 0,76 -0,11 -0,95 -4,05 -1,29 -1,97 0,64 -0,15

Measurement_4 0,27 1,07 0,17 -0,45 6,05 -1,01 -0,92 -3,11 1,49 0,01

Measurement_5 0,29 0,60 0,13 -1,08 2,52 -1,01 0,24 -0,06 0,77 0,05

Measurement_6 0,41 0,40 0,69 -0,85 0,05 -3,91 -1,10 -2,20 0,98 -0,19

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

14,91 19,59 16,5 30,87 27,33 18,85 6,15

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2153 (25 µm): Average of 3 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,23 0,20 0,38 -0,67 -0,41 -2,27 -0,26 -0,62 0,68 -0,08

Average_2 0,27 0,59 0,14 -0,81 2,87 -1,10 -0,21 -0,82 0,86 0,01

Average_3 0,31 0,15 0,34 -0,95 0,87 -2,07 -0,27 -0,51 0,69 -0,06

Average_4 0,23 0,24 0,32 -0,52 1,59 -2,17 -0,59 -1,90 1,07 -0,06

Average_5 0,26 0,50 0,15 -0,84 2,74 -1,16 -0,08 -1,26 1,11 0,01

Average_6 0,30 0,12 0,32 -0,97 0,74 -2,13 -0,14 -0,96 0,94 -0,06

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

14,91 19,59 16,5 30,87 27,33 18,85 6,15

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 2153 (25 µm): Average of 5 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,25 0,24 0,26 -0,71 1,47 -1,76 -0,29 -1,01 0,86 -0,03

Average_2 0,28 0,24 0,36 -0,68 1,54 -2,25 -0,60 -1,32 0,84 -0,06

Average_3 0,28 0,22 0,35 -0,69 1,47 -2,29 -0,53 -1,59 0,99 -0,06

Average_4 0,27 0,17 0,37 -0,66 0,97 -2,35 -0,56 -1,43 0,90 -0,08

Average_5 0,27 0,11 0,39 -0,79 0,27 -2,34 -0,33 -0,82 0,76 -0,07

Average_6 0,28 0,28 0,25 -0,86 1,67 -1,74 -0,26 -1,05 0,93 -0,04

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

14,91 19,59 16,5 30,87 27,33 18,85 6,15

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 212 (54 µm): Single readings

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

28,31 30,4 24,46 41,04 25,1 20,67 9,66

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Measurement_1 0,09 0,58 0,68 0,44 -4,20 -4,98 -0,15 1,42 1,78 0,00

Measurement_2 0,17 0,30 0,32 -0,73 1,33 2,63 0,04 0,27 -1,31 -0,13

Measurement_3 0,06 0,64 0,16 0,36 3,49 1,18 -0,49 -0,10 -1,25 -0,11

Measurement_4 0,20 0,33 0,32 -0,64 0,54 -0,52 -0,28 1,12 -1,07 -0,05

Measurement_5 0,08 0,46 0,66 0,34 1,68 -4,36 -0,06 0,73 1,02 -0,08

Measurement_6 0,31 0,90 0,81 -0,22 -6,58 -5,88 -1,40 2,29 1,99 -0,13

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 212 (54 µm): Average of 3 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,03 0,15 0,12 0,02 0,21 -0,39 -0,20 0,53 -0,26 -0,08

Average_2 0,10 0,36 0,23 -0,34 1,19 -0,75 -0,10 0,71 -0,45 -0,09

Average_3 0,07 0,37 0,72 0,19 -3,03 -5,07 -0,54 1,48 1,60 -0,07

Average_4 0,12 0,42 0,16 -0,34 1,79 1,10 -0,25 0,43 -1,21 -0,10

Average_5 0,10 0,36 0,23 -0,34 1,19 -0,75 -0,10 0,71 -0,45 -0,09

Average_6 0,13 0,15 0,39 -0,20 -1,19 -2,54 -0,47 1,10 0,57 -0,11

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

28,31 30,4 24,46 41,04 25,1 20,67 9,66

Page 21: Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess ... • Total Sparkle Grade is determined as a ... BYK-Gardner GmbH, R&R

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Panels Metallux 212 (54 µm): Average of 5 readings

dS15° dS45° dS75° dSi15° dSi45° dSi75° dSa15° dSa45° dSa75° dG

Average_1 0,04 0,25 0,26 -0,05 0,57 -1,21 -0,19 0,69 -0,17 -0,07

Average_2 0,08 0,15 0,47 0,05 -1,01 -2,91 -0,48 1,09 0,49 -0,07

Average_3 0,12 0,21 0,29 -0,18 0,09 -1,39 -0,44 0,87 -0,12 -0,10

Average_4 0,12 0,14 0,28 -0,16 -1,08 -1,51 -0,46 1,00 0,03 -0,08

Average_5 0,07 0,12 0,36 0,04 -0,85 -2,28 -0,41 0,92 0,44 -0,09

Average_6 0,10 0,17 0,42 -0,16 -1,44 -2,62 -0,37 1,17 0,48 -0,08

Si15° Si45° Si75° Sa15° Sa45° Sa75° G

28,31 30,4 24,46 41,04 25,1 20,67 9,66

Best Practice

Average of 5

Readings

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Bumpers Darkblue Metallic

Test conditions:

●1 Operator – matching points with car body

●Average of 3 readings per measurement location – repeated 3 times

1 3

2

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Bumpers Darkblue Metallic – Position

Individual readings are compared to the

average of the three readings

Sparkle < 20% of tolerance

Graininess < 10% of tolerance

1

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Repeatability of Sparkle and Graininess on Bumpers Darkblue Metallic – Position

Individual readings are compared to the

average of the three readings

Sparkle < 10% of tolerance

Graininess < 10% of tolerance

2

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Gage R&R Studies Repeatability and Reproducibility

● 10 Samples, 3 Users and 3 Trials each

● Analysis of the Gage measurement capability with samples of the

actual production process and different operators

Operator A: user I B: user II C: user IIISample # 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range

1 6,0 6,4 6,4 0,4 6,6 6,6 6,1 0,5 6,4 6,2 6,4 0,2

2 3,5 3,8 3,8 0,3 4,1 3,5 3,7 0,6 3,7 3,7 3,4 0,3

3 3,0 3,0 3,1 0,1 2,9 3,1 2,7 0,4 2,7 2,9 2,9 0,2

4 2,3 2,3 2,5 0,2 2,6 2,5 2,5 0,1 2,3 2,3 2,5 0,2

5 4,4 4,4 3,9 0,5 4,2 3,9 4,6 0,7 4,3 4,5 4,5 0,2

6 6,8 7,2 6,9 0,4 6,5 6,9 6,8 0,4 6,5 6,6 6,6 0,1

7 5,5 5,0 5,3 0,5 5,3 5,5 5,4 0,2 5,1 5,3 5,5 0,4

8 4,0 3,9 3,8 0,2 4,0 3,7 4,4 0,7 3,9 3,9 3,9 0,0

9 2,9 2,8 3,1 0,3 2,6 2,7 2,8 0,2 2,6 2,7 2,9 0,3

10 5,4 5,8 5,8 0,4 6,2 6,3 6,0 0,3 6,5 6,4 6,3 0,2

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Gage R&R Studies Equipment Variation EV

● RP (Max - Min): Range for Parts (-> Distinct Categories)

● RA, RB, RC: Range per Operator

R = Average (RA, RB, RC)

Equipment Variation EV: R x K1

1

K1 : Factor dependend on no. of trials

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Gage R&R Studies Equipment Variation EV

3

Gage Repeatability And Reproducibility Data Sheet 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Operator A: Operator A B: Operator B C: Operator C Part

Sample # 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range Average

1 1,2 1,2 1,1 0,09 1,3 1,1 1,1 0,15 1,3 1,2 1,4 0,13 1,22

2 0,6 0,4 0,5 0,17 0,5 0,5 0,3 0,17 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,04 0,52

3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,16 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,07 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,07 0,20

4 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,08 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,11 0,3 0,4 0,2 0,15 0,31

5 1,9 1,9 2,0 0,10 2,0 2,0 1,9 0,13 1,8 1,8 2,0 0,15 1,90

6 0,3 0,6 0,6 0,31 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,08 0,5 0,4 0,6 0,13 0,49

7 0,8 0,7 0,7 0,12 0,8 0,7 0,5 0,25 0,7 0,6 0,7 0,11 0,69

8 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,11 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,03 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,08 0,25

9 2,3 2,3 2,1 0,18 2,4 2,4 2,2 0,14 2,3 2,5 2,3 0,20 2,30

10 2,1 2,0 2,2 0,14 2,2 2,2 2,1 0,04 2,2 2,2 2,1 0,12 2,13

Totals 9,95 9,98 10,04 1,46 10,31 9,92 9,52 1,17 10,21 9,99 10,07 1,18 1,00 X

9,95 0,146 10,31 0,117 10,21 0,118 2,11

10,04 9,52 10,07

Sum 29,97 Sum 29,75 Sum 30,27

XA 1,00 RA XB 0,99 RB XC 1,01 RC Rp

RA 0,146 # Trials D4 Max. X 1,01

RB 0,117 2 3,27 ( R ) x ( D4 ) = UCLR Min. X 0,99

RC 0,118 3 2,57 0,13 2,57 0,33 X Diff. 0,02

Sum 0,381

R 0,13

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Page 28, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Studies Appraiser Variation AV

Appraiser Variation AV: (Xdiff x K2)2 - EV2

XA: Average of all readings Operator A

2

XB: Average of all readings Operator B

XC: Average of all readings Operator C

Xdiff: Range (Max-Min) of Operator A - C

K2 : Factor dependend on No. of operators

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Page 29, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Studies Appraiser Variation AV

3

Gage Repeatability And Reproducibility Data Sheet 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Operator A: Operator A B: Operator B C: Operator C Part

Sample # 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial Range Average

1 1,2 1,2 1,1 0,09 1,3 1,1 1,1 0,15 1,3 1,2 1,4 0,13 1,22

2 0,6 0,4 0,5 0,17 0,5 0,5 0,3 0,17 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,04 0,52

3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,16 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,07 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,07 0,20

4 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,08 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,11 0,3 0,4 0,2 0,15 0,31

5 1,9 1,9 2,0 0,10 2,0 2,0 1,9 0,13 1,8 1,8 2,0 0,15 1,90

6 0,3 0,6 0,6 0,31 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,08 0,5 0,4 0,6 0,13 0,49

7 0,8 0,7 0,7 0,12 0,8 0,7 0,5 0,25 0,7 0,6 0,7 0,11 0,69

8 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,11 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,03 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,08 0,25

9 2,3 2,3 2,1 0,18 2,4 2,4 2,2 0,14 2,3 2,5 2,3 0,20 2,30

10 2,1 2,0 2,2 0,14 2,2 2,2 2,1 0,04 2,2 2,2 2,1 0,12 2,13

Totals 9,95 9,98 10,04 1,46 10,31 9,92 9,52 1,17 10,21 9,99 10,07 1,18 1,00 X

9,95 0,146 10,31 0,117 10,21 0,118 2,11

10,04 9,52 10,07

Sum 29,97 Sum 29,75 Sum 30,27

XA 1,00 RA XB 0,99 RB XC 1,01 RC Rp

RA 0,146 # Trials D4 Max. X 1,01

RB 0,117 2 3,27 ( R ) x ( D4 ) = UCLR Min. X 0,99

RC 0,118 3 2,57 0,13 2,57 0,33 X Diff. 0,02

Sum 0,381

R 0,13

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Page 30, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Studies Repeatability and Reproducibility R&R

Repeatability & Reproducibility R&R: EV2 + AV2 3

% R&R = x 100 % R & R

Total Variation ( )

TV = R&R2 + PV2

Part Variation PV = Rp (Range Parts) x Factor

Panel Set Variation:

Equipment + Operator + Parts

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Page 31, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Studies Repeatability and Reproducibility R&R

Conclusion: % EV, % AV, % R&R

● %R&R < 10% Pass

● %R&R 10…30% Conditional Pass

● %R&R > 30% Fail - needs improvement, e.g.:

● Sample Track/Holder

● Operator training

● Sample selection

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Page 32, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Studies Number of Distinct Categories NDC

● Rule: The 10 parts should cover the Spec Tolerance, otherwise

identical parts will cause high %R&R.

● If not enough parts are used, part variation will be small and

magnify the appraiser/equipment variation.

● If NDC is less than 5, there is not enough part variation to enable

an accurate study.

NDC = x Factor PV

R & R ( )

Page 33: Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess ... • Total Sparkle Grade is determined as a ... BYK-Gardner GmbH, R&R

Page 33, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle and Graininess on Batch Panels

Sample Material

● Automotive batch panels of various colors

Test conditions:

●10 Samples, 3 Users and 3 Trials each

●Average of 5 readings per panel

Sparkle Graininess

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Page 34, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle 15°/45°/75° on Batch Panels

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 2,11

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 11,28 %

PV = 3,41

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 0,00 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 3,433 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 11,28 %

● %R&R 10…30% Conditional Pass

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 2,32

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 15,00 %

PV = 3,75

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 0,00 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 3,796 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 15,00 %

Sparkle 15°

Sparkle 75°

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 2,97

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 7,63 %

PV = 4,81

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 0,00 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 4,822 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 7,63 %

Sparkle 45°

● %R&R < 10% Pass

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Page 35, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 2,66

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 2,81 %

PV = 4,31

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 1,12 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 4,308 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 3,02 %

Gage R&R for Graininess on Batch Panels

● %R&R < 10% Pass

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Page 36, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle and Graininess on small Add-on Parts

Sample Material

●Automotive door handles – handle caps – mirror housings

●Colors: Metallic Red and Light Silver

Test conditions:

●7 Samples, 3 Users and 3 Trials each minimum requirement

●Average of 3 readings per sample

●BYK-mac 12 mm with sample holder

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Page 37, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle and Graininess on small Add-on Parts

Page 38: Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess · Gage R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess ... • Total Sparkle Grade is determined as a ... BYK-Gardner GmbH, R&R

Page 38, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle 15° on small Add-on Parts

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 2,45

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 14,60 %

PV = 3,97

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 1,73 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 4,009 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 14,70 %

● %R&R 10…30% Conditional Pass

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Page 39, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Sparkle 45° and 75° on small Add-on Parts

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 0,67

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 39,87 %

PV = 1,09

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 0,00 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 1,187 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 39,87 %

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 0,68

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 71,88 %

PV = 1,10

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 18,86 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 1,641 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 74,31 %

● %R&R > 30% Fail

● Samples show only a very low sparkling effect

● Part Variation is very low: 1.09 / 1.10

● NDC is too low: 3 / 1

Samples cannot be used for accurate study on Sparkle 45° & 75°

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Page 40, BYK-Gardner R&R Capability Study of Sparkle and Graininess

Gage R&R for Graininess on small Add-on Parts

● %R&R 10…30% Conditional Pass

Gage R&R Based On Panel Set Variation

Rp = 1,15

% E.V. = 100 [EV/TV] = 9,41 %

PV = 1,87

% A.V. = 100 [AV/TV] = 8,71 %

TV = (R&R) 2̂ + (PV) 2̂

= 1,882 % R&R. = 100 [R&R/TV] = 12,83 %

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Thank you for your attention