G3500+Engines Engine+Safety

SAFETY.CAT.COM

G3500ENGINESEngine Safety

Excerpted from Operation & Maintenance Manual (SEBU8099-02-01)

© 2007 CaterpillarAll Rights Reserved

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Important Safety InformationMost accidents that involve product operation, maintenance and repair are caused by failure to observebasic safety rules or precautions. An accident can often be avoided by recognizing potentially hazardoussituations before an accident occurs. A person must be alert to potential hazards. This person should alsohave the necessary training, skills and tools to perform these functions properly.

Improper operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair of this product can be dangerous andcould result in injury or death.Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance or repair on this product, until you haveread and understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance and repair information.Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this manual and on the product. If these hazard warningsare not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons.

The hazards are identified by the “Safety Alert Symbol” and followed by a “Signal Word” such as“DANGER”, “WARNING” or “CAUTION”. The Safety Alert “WARNING” label is shown below.

The meaning of this safety alert symbol is as follows:

Attention! Become Alert! Your Safety is Involved.The message that appears under the warning explains the hazard and can be either written or pictoriallypresented.

Operations that may cause product damage are identified by “NOTICE” labels on the product and inthis publication.

Caterpillar cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard.The warnings in this publication and on the product are, therefore, not all inclusive. If a tool,procedure, work method or operating technique that is not specifically recommended by Caterpillaris used, you must satisfy yourself that it is safe for you and for others. You should also ensure thatthe product will not be damaged or be made unsafe by the operation, lubrication, maintenance orrepair procedures that you choose.The information, specifications, and illustrations in this publication are on the basis of information thatwas available at the time that the publication was written. The specifications, torques, pressures,measurements, adjustments, illustrations, and other items can change at any time. These changes canaffect the service that is given to the product. Obtain the complete and most current information before youstart any job. Caterpillar dealers have the most current information available.

When replacement parts are required for thisproduct Caterpillar recommends using Caterpil-lar replacement parts or parts with equivalentspecifications including, but not limited to, phys-ical dimensions, type, strength and material.

Failure to heed this warning can lead to prema-ture failures, product damage, personal injury ordeath.

6 SEBU8099-02Safety SectionSafety Messages

Safety Sectioni02741979

Safety MessagesSMCS Code: 1000; 7405

There may be several specific safety messageson your engine. The approximate location and adescription of the safety messages are reviewed inthis section. Please become familiar with all of thesafety messages.

Ensure that all of the safety messages are legible.Clean the safety messages or replace the safetymessages if the words cannot be read or if theillustrations are not visible. Use a cloth, water, andsoap for cleaning the safety messages. Do notuse solvents, gasoline, or other harsh chemicals.Solvents, gasoline, or harsh chemicals could loosenthe adhesive that secures the safety messages. Thesafety messages that are loosened could drop offof the engine.

Replace any safety message that is damaged ormissing. If a safety message is attached to a partof the engine that is replaced, install a new safetymessage on the replacement part. Your Caterpillardealer can provide new safety messages.

Note: Not every engine will have message 4 and notevery engine will have message 5.

g01374527Illustration 1Left side view of a typical engine

SEBU8099-02 7Safety Section

Safety Messages

g01374417Illustration 2Right side view of a typical engine

Universal Message (1)

g01370904Illustration 3

This safety message is located on the first valvecover base on each side of the engine.

Do not operate or work on this engine or genera-tor set unless you have read and understand theinstructions and warnings in the Operation andMaintenance Manuals.

Failure to follow the warnings and instructionscould result in injury or death. Contact anyCaterpillar dealer for replacement manuals. Prop-er care is your responsibility.

Electrical Shock (2)


On both sides of a 3508 Engine, this safety messageis located on the third valve cover base. On bothsides of a 3512 Engine, this safety message islocated on the fourth valve cover base. On both sidesof a 3516 Engine, this safety message is located onthe sixth valve cover base.

WARNING! Shock/Electrocution Hazard! Read andunderstand the instructions and warnings in theOperation and Maintenance Manual. Failure to fol-low the instructions or heed the warnings couldcause serious injury or death.

8 SEBU8099-02Safety SectionSafety Messages

Hot Surface (3)


On both sides of a 3508 Engine, this safety messageis located on the third valve cover. On both sides of a3512 Engine, this safety message is located on thefifth valve cover. On both sides of a 3516 Engine,this safety message is located on the seventh valvecover.

Hot parts or hot components can cause burns orpersonal injury. Do not allow hot parts or compo-nents to contact your skin. Use protective clothingor protective equipment to protect your skin.

Canadian Standards Association(4)


This safety message may be located on the engineinterface module. This safety message may belocated on a control panel that is mounted in a remotelocation.

Do not disconnect equipment unless power hasbeen disconnected or the area is known to benon-hazardous. Explosion hazard: Substitutionof components may impair suitability for Class 1,Division 2.


General Hazard Information

Canadian Standards Association(5)


This safety message may be located on thealternator. The safety message may be read from thefront of the engine.

Do not disconnect equipment unless power hasbeen disconnected or the area is known to benon-hazardous. Explosion hazard: Substitutionof components may impair suitability for Class 1,Division 2.

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General Hazard InformationSMCS Code: 1000; 4450; 7405


Attach a “Do Not Operate” warning tag or a similarwarning tag to the start switch or to the controlsbefore the engine is serviced or before the engine isrepaired. These warning tags (Special Instruction,SEHS7332) are available from your Caterpillardealer. Attach the warning tags to the engine and toeach operator control station. When it is appropriate,disconnect the starting controls.

Do not allow unauthorized personnel on the engine,or around the engine when the engine is beingserviced.

Engine exhaust contains products of combustionwhich may be harmful to your health. Always start theengine and operate the engine in a well ventilatedarea. If the engine is in an enclosed area, vent theengine exhaust to the outside.

Cautiously remove the following parts. To helpprevent spraying or splashing of pressurized fluids,hold a rag over the part that is being removed.

• Filler caps

• Grease fittings

• Pressure taps

• Breathers

• Drain plugs

Use caution when cover plates are removed.Gradually loosen, but do not remove the last twobolts or nuts that are located at opposite ends ofthe cover plate or the device. Before removing thelast two bolts or nuts, pry the cover loose in order torelieve any spring pressure or other pressure.


• Wear a hard hat, protective glasses, and otherprotective equipment, as required.

• When work is performed around an engine that isoperating, wear protective devices for ears in orderto help prevent damage to hearing.

10 SEBU8099-02Safety SectionGeneral Hazard Information

• Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry that can snagon controls or on other parts of the engine.

• Ensure that all protective guards and all covers aresecured in place on the engine.

• Never put maintenance fluids into glass containers.Glass containers can break.

• Use all cleaning solutions with care.

• Report all necessary repairs.

Unless other instructions are provided, performthe maintenance under the following conditions:

• The engine is stopped. Ensure that the enginecannot be started.

• Disconnect the batteries when maintenanceis performed or when the electrical system isserviced. Disconnect the battery ground leads.Tape the leads in order to help prevent sparks.

• Do not attempt any repairs that are not understood.Use the proper tools. Replace any equipment thatis damaged or repair the equipment.

Pressurized Air and WaterPressurized air and/or water can cause debrisand/or hot water to be blown out. This could result inpersonal injury.

When pressurized air and/or pressurized water isused for cleaning, wear protective clothing, protectiveshoes, and eye protection. Eye protection includesgoggles or a protective face shield.

The maximum air pressure for cleaning purposesmust be below 205 kPa (30 psi) when the air nozzleis deadheaded. The maximum water pressure forcleaning purposes must be below 275 kPa (40 psi).

Fluid Penetration


Always use a board or cardboard when you checkfor a leak. Leaking fluid that is under pressure canpenetrate body tissue. Fluid penetration can causeserious injury and possible death. A pin hole leak cancause severe injury. If fluid is injected into your skin,you must get treatment immediately. Seek treatmentfrom a doctor that is familiar with this type of injury.

Containing Fluid SpillageCare must be taken in order to ensure that fluidsare contained during performance of inspection,maintenance, testing, adjusting and repair of theengine. Prepare to collect the fluid with suitablecontainers before opening any compartment ordisassembling any component that contains fluids.

Refer to Special Publication, NENG2500, “CaterpillarDealer Service Tools Catalog” for the following items:

• Tools that are suitable for collecting fluids andequipment that is suitable for collecting fluids

• Tools that are suitable for containing fluids andequipment that is suitable for containing fluids

Obey all local regulations for the disposal of liquids.

Asbestos Information


Caterpillar equipment and replacement parts that areshipped from Caterpillar are asbestos free. Caterpillarrecommends the use of only genuine Caterpillarreplacement parts. Use the following guidelineswhen you handle any replacement parts that containasbestos or when you handle asbestos debris.


Burn Prevention

Use caution. Avoid inhaling dust that might begenerated when you handle components that containasbestos fibers. Inhaling this dust can be hazardousto your health. The components that may containasbestos fibers are brake pads, brake bands, liningmaterial, clutch plates, and some gaskets. Theasbestos that is used in these components is usuallybound in a resin or sealed in some way. Normalhandling is not hazardous unless airborne dust thatcontains asbestos is generated.

If dust that may contain asbestos is present, thereare several guidelines that should be followed:

• Never use compressed air for cleaning.

• Avoid brushing materials that contain asbestos.

• Avoid grinding materials that contain asbestos.

• Use a wet method in order to clean up asbestosmaterials.

• A vacuum cleaner that is equipped with a highefficiency particulate air filter (HEPA) can also beused.

• Use exhaust ventilation on permanent machiningjobs.

• Wear an approved respirator if there is no otherway to control the dust.

• Comply with applicable rules and regulationsfor the work place. In the United States, useOccupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA) requirements. These OSHA requirementscan be found in “29 CFR 1910.1001”.

• Obey environmental regulations for the disposalof asbestos.

• Stay away from areas that might have asbestosparticles in the air.

Dispose of Waste Properly


Improperly disposing of waste can threaten theenvironment. Potentially harmful fluids should bedisposed of according to local regulations.

Always use leakproof containers when you drainfluids. Do not pour waste onto the ground, down adrain, or into any source of water.

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Burn PreventionSMCS Code: 1000; 4450; 7405

Do not touch any part of an operating engine.Allow the engine to cool before any maintenanceis performed on the engine. Relieve all pressure inthe appropriate system before any lines, fittings orrelated items are disconnected.

CoolantWhen the engine is at operating temperature, theengine coolant is hot. The coolant is also underpressure. The radiator and all lines to the heaters orto the engine contain hot coolant. Any contact withhot coolant or with steam can cause severe burns.Allow cooling system components to cool before thecooling system is drained.

Check the coolant level after the engine has stoppedand the engine has been allowed to cool. Ensurethat the filler cap is cool before removing the fillercap. The filler cap must be cool enough to touch witha bare hand. Remove the filler cap slowly in orderto relieve pressure.

Cooling system conditioner contains alkali. Alkali cancause personal injury. Do not allow alkali to contactthe skin, the eyes, or the mouth.

12 SEBU8099-02Safety SectionFire Prevention and Explosion Prevention

OilsHot oil and hot lubricating components can causepersonal injury. Do not allow hot oil or hot componentsto contact the skin.

If the application has a makeup tank, remove the capfor the makeup tank after the engine has stopped.The filler cap must be cool to the touch.

BatteriesThe liquid in a battery is an electrolyte. Electrolyte isan acid that can cause personal injury. Do not allowelectrolyte to contact the skin or the eyes.

Do not smoke while checking the battery electrolytelevels. Batteries give off flammable fumes which canexplode.

Always wear protective glasses when you work withbatteries. Wash hands after touching batteries. Theuse of gloves is recommended.

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Fire Prevention and ExplosionPreventionSMCS Code: 1000; 4450; 7405


Gaseous fuel is present. Personal Injury or Deathcan result from an open flame or spark ignitingthe gaseous fuel causing an explosion and/or fire.Always use a gas detector to determine the pres-ence of gaseous fuel when maintaining and ser-vicing. Contact you local gas provider immediate-ly for assistance in the event of a leak.

All fuels, most lubricants, and some coolant mixturesare flammable.

Flammable fluids that are leaking or spilled onto hotsurfaces or onto electrical components can causea fire. Fire may cause personal injury and propertydamage.

A flash fire may result if the covers for the enginecrankcase are removed within fifteen minutes afteran emergency shutdown.

Determine whether the engine will be operated in anenvironment that allows combustible gases to bedrawn into the air inlet system. These gases couldcause the engine to overspeed. Personal injury,property damage, or engine damage could result. Ifthe application involves the presence of combustiblegases, consult your Caterpillar dealer for additionalinformation about suitable protection devices.

Remove all flammable materials such as fuel, oil,and debris from the equipment. Do not allow anyflammable materials to accumulate on the equipment.

Store fuels and lubricants in properly markedcontainers away from unauthorized persons. Storeoily rags and any flammable materials in protectivecontainers. Do not smoke in areas that are used forstoring flammable materials.

Do not operate the equipment near any flame.

Exhaust shields (if equipped) protect hot exhaustcomponents from oil spray or fuel spray in case ofa break in a line, in a hose, or in a seal. Exhaustshields must be installed correctly.

Do not weld on lines or on tanks that containflammable fluids. Do not flame cut lines or tanksthat contain flammable fluid. Clean any such lines ortanks thoroughly with a nonflammable solvent priorto welding or flame cutting.

Wiring must be kept in good condition. All electricalwires must be properly routed and securely attached.Check all electrical wires daily. Repair any wiresthat are loose or frayed before you operate theequipment. Clean all electrical connections andtighten all electrical connections.

Eliminate all wiring that is unattached or unnecessary.Do not use any wires or cables that are smaller thanthe recommended gauge. Do not bypass any fusesand/or circuit breakers.

Arcing or sparking could cause a fire. Secureconnections, recommended wiring, and properlymaintained battery cables will help to prevent arcingor sparking.


Crushing Prevention and Cutting Prevention

Inspect all lines and hoses for wear or fordeterioration. The hoses must be properly routed.The lines and the hoses must have adequate supportand secure clamps. Tighten all connections to therecommended torque. Leaks can cause fires.

Oil filters and fuel filters must be properly installed.The filter housings must be tightened to the propertorque.


Gases from a battery can explode. Keep any openflames or sparks away from the top of a battery. Donot smoke in battery charging areas.

Never check the battery charge by placing a metalobject across the terminal posts. Use a voltmeter ora hydrometer.

Improper jumper cable connections can causean explosion that can result in injury. Refer tothe Operation Section of this manual for specificinstructions.

Do not charge a frozen battery. This may cause anexplosion.

The batteries must be kept clean. The covers(if equipped) must be kept on the cells. Use therecommended cables, connections, and battery boxcovers when the engine is operated.

Fire ExtinguisherMake sure that a fire extinguisher is available. Befamiliar with the operation of the fire extinguisher.Inspect the fire extinguisher and service the fireextinguisher regularly. Obey the recommendationson the instruction plate.

Lines, Tubes and HosesDo not bend high pressure lines. Do not strike highpressure lines. Do not install any lines that are bentor damaged.

Repair any lines that are loose or damaged. Leakscan cause fires. Consult your Caterpillar dealer forrepair or for replacement parts.

Check lines, tubes and hoses carefully. Do not useyour bare hand to check for leaks. Use a board orcardboard to check for leaks. Tighten all connectionsto the recommended torque.

Replace the parts if any of the following conditionsare present:

• End fittings are damaged or leaking.

• Outer coverings are chafed or cut.

• Wires are exposed.

• Outer coverings are ballooning.

• Flexible part of the hoses are kinked.

• Outer covers have embedded armoring.

• End fittings are displaced.

Make sure that all clamps, guards, and heat shieldsare installed correctly. During equipment operation,this will help to prevent vibration, rubbing againstother parts, and excessive heat.

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Crushing Prevention andCutting PreventionSMCS Code: 1000; 4450; 7405

Support the component properly when work beneaththe component is performed.

Unless other maintenance instructions are provided,never attempt adjustments while the engine isrunning.

Stay clear of all rotating parts and of all movingparts. Leave the guards in place until maintenanceis performed. After the maintenance is performed,reinstall the guards.

Keep objects away from moving fan blades. The fanblades will throw objects or cut objects.

When objects are struck, wear protective glasses inorder to avoid injury to the eyes.

14 SEBU8099-02Safety SectionMounting and Dismounting

Chips or other debris may fly off objects when objectsare struck. Before objects are struck, ensure that noone will be injured by flying debris.

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Mounting and DismountingSMCS Code: 1000; 4450; 7405

Inspect the steps, the handholds, and the work areabefore mounting the engine. Keep these items cleanand keep these items in good repair.

Mount the engine and dismount the engine only atlocations that have steps and/or handholds. Do notclimb on the engine, and do not jump off the engine.

Face the engine in order to mount the engine ordismount the engine. Maintain a three-point contactwith the steps and handholds. Use two feet and onehand or use one foot and two hands. Do not use anycontrols as handholds.

Do not stand on components which cannot supportyour weight. Use an adequate ladder or use a workplatform. Secure the climbing equipment so that theequipment will not move.

Do not carry tools or supplies when you mount theengine or when you dismount the engine. Use a handline to raise and lower tools or supplies.

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Ignition SystemsSMCS Code: 1550

Ignition systems can cause electrical shocks. Avoidcontacting the ignition system components andwiring.

Do not attempt to remove the valve covers when theengine is operating. The transformers are groundedto the valve covers. Personal injury or death mayresult and the ignition system will be damaged if thevalve covers are removed during engine operation.The engine will not operate without the valve covers.

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Before Starting EngineSMCS Code: 1000

NOTICEFor initial start-up of a new or rebuilt engine, and forstart-up of an engine that has been serviced, makeprovision to shut the engine off should an overspeedoccur. This may be accomplished by shutting off theair and/or fuel supply to the engine.

Overspeed shutdown should occur automatically.If automatic shutdown does not occur, press theemergency stop button in order to cut the fuel and/orair to the engine.

Inspect the engine for potential hazards.

Before starting the engine, ensure that no one is on,underneath, or close to the engine. Ensure that thearea is free of personnel.

If equipped, ensure that the lighting system for theengine is suitable for the conditions. Ensure that alllights work properly, if equipped.

All protective guards and all protective covers mustbe installed if the engine must be started in orderto perform service procedures. To help prevent anaccident that is caused by parts in rotation, workaround the parts carefully.

Do not bypass the automatic shutoff circuits. Do notdisable the automatic shutoff circuits. The circuits areprovided in order to help prevent personal injury. Thecircuits are also provided in order to help preventengine damage.

See the Service Manual for repairs and foradjustments.

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Engine StartingSMCS Code: 1000

If a warning tag is attached to the engine start switchor to the controls, DO NOT start the engine or movethe controls. Consult with the person that attachedthe warning tag before the engine is started.

All protective guards and all protective covers mustbe installed if the engine must be started in orderto perform service procedures. To help prevent anaccident that is caused by parts in rotation, workaround the parts carefully.


Engine Stopping

If there is a possibility that unburned gas remains inthe exhaust system, refer to the purge procedure inthis Operation and Maintenance Manual, “EngineStarting” topic in the Operation Section.

Start the engine from the operator’s compartment orfrom the engine start switch.

Always start the engine according to the procedurethat is described in the Operation and MaintenanceManual, “Engine Starting” topic in the OperationSection. Knowing the correct procedure will help toprevent major damage to the engine components.Knowing the procedure will also help to preventpersonal injury.

To ensure that the jacket water heater (if equipped)and/or the lube oil heater (if equipped) is workingproperly, check the water temperature and the oiltemperature during heater operation.

Engine exhaust contains products of combustionwhich can be harmful to your health. Always start theengine and operate the engine in a well ventilatedarea. If the engine is started in an enclosed area,vent the engine exhaust to the outside.

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Engine StoppingSMCS Code: 1000

To avoid overheating of the engine and acceleratedwear of the engine components, stop the engineaccording to the instructions in this Operation andMaintenance Manual, “Engine Stopping” topic(Operation Section).

Use the Emergency Stop Button (if equipped) ONLYin an emergency situation. Do not use the EmergencyStop Button for normal engine stopping. After anemergency stop, DO NOT start the engine until theproblem that caused the emergency stop has beencorrected.

On the initial start-up of a new engine or an enginethat has been serviced, make provisions to stopthe engine if an overspeed occurs. This may beaccomplished by shutting off the fuel supply to theengine, or shutting off the ignition system.

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Electrical SystemSMCS Code: 1000; 1400

Never disconnect any charging unit circuit or batterycircuit cable from the battery when the charging unitis operating. A spark can cause the combustiblegases that are produced by some batteries to ignite.

Check the electrical wires daily for wires that areloose or frayed. Tighten all loose electrical wiresbefore the engine is operated. Repair all frayedelectrical wires before the engine is started.

Grounding PracticesProper grounding is necessary for optimum engineperformance and reliability. Improper grounding willresult in uncontrolled electrical circuit paths and inunreliable electrical circuit paths.

Uncontrolled electrical circuit paths can result indamage to main bearings, to crankshaft journalsurfaces, and to aluminum components. Uncontrolledelectrical circuit paths can also cause electricalactivity that may degrade the engine electronics andcommunications.

For the starting motor, do not attach the batterynegative terminal to the engine block.

Use a ground strap to ground the case of all controlpanels to the engine block.

Ground the engine block with a ground strap that isfurnished by the customer. Connect this ground strapto the ground plane.

Use a separate ground strap to ground the batterynegative terminal for the control system to the groundplane.

Rubber couplings may connect the steel piping ofthe cooling system and the radiator. This causes thepiping and the radiator to be electrically isolated.Ensure that the piping and the radiator is continuouslygrounded to the engine. Use ground straps thatbypass the rubber couplings.

Ensure that all grounds are secure and free ofcorrosion.

G3500+Engines Engine+Safety

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