229© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016A. Thorpe, Performing China on the London Stage, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59786-1

Ai ’ erlan Xiju Yundong Bali Sheng You Jingju Tuan Bawang Bieji Baishezhuan Bei Deng Beijing Beifang Kunqu Juyuan Beijing Jingju Si Tuan Beijing Jingju Tuan Beijing Jingju Yuan Beijing Jingju Yuan Si Tuan Beijingshi Xiqu Xuexiao bu chang Chang ’ e Benyue Changsheng Dian chou chujiang Chuanju Chuanqi da Da Fang daguo zhanlue Da Jiao Zan Da Qing Guo

GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

230 GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

Dangdai Chuanqi Juchang Dalian Jingju Tuan Damian Gang Danao Tiangong Da Yu Sha Jia dan Difangxi erhu fa Fengyun Hui Gezaixi Guangzhou Guoji Yueju Jie Guifei Zuijiu guzhuang xin xi Guoju Han Gong Qiu Heping gongchu wuxiang yuanze Hongzong Liema Hsiung Shih-yi see Xiong Shiyi Hongdeng Ji Honglou Meng houdi Hua wei Mei Huaju Hua Mulan Huilan Ji huqin Huo Fenghuang Jixiang Juchang Jiyulun jianyi jianzhu shi yishu Jiang Aibing jing jingbai Jingju Jingju Piaoyou Hui Ju Dagang kaimenqiang

GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS 231

Kunju Chuanxisuo Kunju laodong gaizao lao sheng Lao Sheng Er liang xiang Li Yu Liang Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai Liu Jipiao Liu Jinding Dazhan Yu Hong Lokseoi Mung Wui see Luoshui Meng Hui Long Hu Fengyun Hui long tao Lundun Gonghe Xiehui Lundun Jingkun Yanxishe Lundun Qiaosheng Quyishe Luoshui Meng Hui mang Mei Lanfang Mudanting nian Qingchun ban Mudanting Qiu Hu Xiqi qunzi ruxiang San Cha Kou San Da Tao Sanchun San ge Shijie Lilun sanran Sangyuan Hui Shanghai Jingju Yuan shen Shiwu Guan shiyan xiju shou shuaifa Shuang Pa Ai shuixiu Si Da Mai

232 GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

si da ming dan si ren bang Sishui Weilan Suo Ling Nang suona Suzhou Kunju Tuan Suzhou Shi Jingju Tuan Ta Ching Kuo see Da Qing Guo taoguang yanghui Tianjin Xiju Xueyuan Tiannü San Hua tingxi Wang Bao Chuan Wang Bao Chuan Wang Ganjiao Wang Jiasong Wangjiaban Wang Xiao Ganjiao Wangzi Fuchou Ji Wuhan Shi Jingju Tuan Xiqu Xi Xiang Ji Xi You Ji xinbian gudai xi Xiong Shiyi Xu Pipa Xue Shou Ji yan Yangmen Nü Jiang Yezhulin yi chao si qiang yi chu xi jiuhuo le yi ge juzhong You Long Xi Feng Yuwang Chengguo Yuanqu Xuan Yuanren Bai Zhong Qu Yueju Yueqin yunbai

GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS 233

yunjian Yunnan Sheng Jingju Tuan Zaju Zai Liu Bei zhanmen Zhaoshi Gu Er zhe zhezixi Zhongguo Jingju Yuan Zhongguo Jingju Yuan San Tuan Zhongguo Jingju Yuan Yi Tuan Zhongguo Xiqu Xueyuan Zhongguo Yunnan Jingju Tuan zhui guochang zuo

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Zhu Jian . (1996) Hu Die : Dianying Huanghou [ : , Hu Die : Movie Queen ]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Daxue Chubanshe.

255© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016A. Thorpe, Performing China on the London Stage, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59786-1

INDEX

A Amherst (Lord) , xiv, 53 ‘ancient costume new drama’

( guzhuang xin xi ) , 119, 206n27

Anglo-Chinese College , xiv, 55 Anthology of Yuan Plays. See Yuanqu

Xuan Art Deco , xvi, 85–6, 88, 90 Asian-American . See also Chinatown,

in San Francisco British understanding of , 69–70 diaspora , 6, 118 identity of practitioners , 87, 96,

98–9, 138, 213 Association of Chinese Theatre

Workers , 144 Astonishing Adventures of Pang , The ,

133 At the Crossroads ( San Cha Kou ) ,

150, 157n8, 178n3, 185, 199, 200

Atlee, Clement , 141

B Baishezhuan . See White Snake, The Barmé, Geremie , 199 Barrie, James , 108, 127 Baudrillard, Jean , 209 Bawang Bieji . See King Bids Farewell to

His Favourite , The Beijing Jingju Opera Troupe ,

xviii, 199 Beijing opera . See Peking opera Benrimo, (Joseph) Henry , 70, 72,

73, 76, 78, 81 Bevin, Ernest , 139 Bhabha, Homi , 5, 7, 107, 171 Bin Qun , 61 Blood-stained Hands , The ( Xue Shou

Ji ) , 193–95 Brecht, Bertolt , 86, 122, 125, 192 Britain-China Friendship Association

(BCFA) , 144–45, 149–50, 152, 154, 155, 156, 186

British East India Company , xiv, xv, 53, 57, 82n1

Note: Page numbers with “n” denote notes.

256 INDEX

British Foreign Offi ce . See Foreign Offi ce (British)

British Museum , 74, 75, 93 Buddhism , 216–19

C Campbell, J. Duncan , 61–3 Cantonese opera ( Yueju ) , 187, 232

amateur performances in London , xvii, xviii, 164–7

source for Western theatrical invention , 71

Caucasian Chalk Circle , The , 86 Chang E Ben Yue. See Chang E Escapes

to the Moon Chang E Escapes to the Moon ( Chang E

Ben Yue ) , 120 Changsheng Dian . See Palace of

Eternal Youth , The Charles II , xiii, 18 Chen Shizeng , 208, 211–13, 220 Chen, Jack , 143–4 Chiang Yee , 111, 132 China Campaign Committee (CCC) ,

144 Chinatown,

in Liverpool , 115 in London , 69, 88, 93, 99, 114,

164, 165, 208 in San Francisco , xvi, 69–72, 76, 81

Chinese : A General Description of China , The , 55, 56

Chinese Exhibition, The . See exhibitions

Chinese Festival , The , 35, 37, 38 Chinese opera ( Xiqu ) . See also

Cantonese opera, Kun opera, Peking opera

in the Asian-American diaspora , 69–73, 76, 118

described in early travel literature , 16–20, 21–2

distinction from Chinese opera- inspired theatre , 4–5

fi rst performance in London , 66–7

origins of term in English usage , 9n3

represented in exhibitions , 59–67, 75 ( see also exhibitions)

resource for Western theatre , 9, 56, 76, 81, 106–7, 129, 131, 207, 212, 213, 214, 216

role in constructing Chinese national identity , 1–2, 7, 8, 118–21, 125, 151, 162, 164, 167, 169, 171, 177, 226–28 ( see also Chineseness)

translation for Xiqu , 4 Chinese Orphan : An Historical

Tragedy , The , xiv, 32–4 Chinese rites controversy , 28 Chinese Tale , A , 32 Chineseness, 1–2, 76, 99, 101, 107,

118, 124, 167, 170, 171, 173, 174, 177, 222,223, 228 . See also Chinese opera, chinoiserie

chinoiserie , 21, 27, 35, 48, 49, 73, 126 . See also Chineseness, exhibitions

exotic nature of , 113, 120, 132–3, 222, 223

fashion , 25, 43, 44, 86, 97–100, 130. (see also costume)

feminine concern , 32, 43, 88, 98–100

foil for British self-analysis , 32, 98, 99

France, as source for chinoiserie , xiv, 25, 28, 31, 36–39, 120, 165, 183, 187, 212

lacquer , 76, 86, 89, 90, 95, 106 luxury goods , 26–7, 43, 64 source for Western modernity , xvi,

85–6, 90, 99, 106

INDEX 257

Christianity , 28, 35, 60 . See also missionaries

Chu Chin Chow , 6 Circle of Chalk , The ( Huilan Ji ) , xvi,

85–101 Clark, (Ernest) Holman , 73, 79 Classical Theatre of China  – The

Operatic Group of the Republic of China , The , xvii

Classical Theatre of China , The , xvii, 150–52, 155

Cold War, The , 138–42, 182, 183, 185

Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) , 143–145

Confucianism , xiv, 27, 29, 39, 45, 46, 68

contact zones , 51, 65, 74 costume , 21–2, 40–2, 44, 59, 75–77,

86, 89, 94, 97, 113, 119, 125, 126, 128, 131, 132, 148, 165, 166, 170, 175, 196, 211, 213, 214, 216, 220, 135n11

cultural diplomacy , 9, 138, 142–50, 181, 201–2

Cultural Revolution , xvii, 156, 181, 182, 185, 186, 188, 190, 192, 193, 208

D Da Yu Sha Jia. See Fishermen’s

Revenge , The Dalian Circus Troupe , 213 Dalian Peking Opera Troupe ,

198–99, 202 Danao Tiangong. See Havoc in

Heaven Daubeny, Peter , 149, 154 Davis, John Francis , xiv, xv, 10n3,

55–7, 82, 226 De Certeau, Michel , 217 Dean, Basil , 87–9, 91, 93–5

Deng Xiaoping , xviii, 8, 183–185, 189, 193

diaspora , 2, 6, 7, 8, 69, 99–101, 118, 161–78, 227 . See also See also Chinatowns

Dream of the Red Chamber , A ( Hong Lou Meng ) , 202

Drunken Imperial Concubine , The ( Guifei Zuijiu ) , 176

Dryden, John , 29 Du Halde, Jean-Baptiste , xiv, 28,

30–4, 38, 40, 55 Dutch East India Company . See

Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie

E Eden, Anthony , 141, 149 . See also

Lady Eden exhibitions , 59, 217–18

Chinese Exhibition, The , 106 Great Exhibition , xv, 60–1, 217 International Fisheries Exhibition ,

xvi, 61–4 International Health Exhibition , xvi,

64–5 Stereoscope exhibition for The

Yellow Jacket , 75 Ten Thousand Chinese Things , xv,

59–60, 63 Exposition Arts Décoratifs et

Industriels Modernes , xvi, 85

F Farewell My Concubine (fi lm) , 169. See

also King Bids Farewell to His Favourite , The

Fashion . See chinoiserie Fighting Tao Sanchun Three

Times ( San Da Tao Sanchun ) , 187–90

258 INDEX

Filippi, Rosina , 100 Fishermen’s Revenge , The ( Da Yu Sha

Jia ) , 137 Foreign Offi ce (British) , 146–50, 186 Fourth Beijing Peking Opera Troupe ,

xviii, 189 Furst, William , 76

G Galsworthy, John , 108 Gao Xingjian , 191 Garrick, David , xiv, 35-8 Gezaixi , 195 Gorillaz , 208–10 Great Britain-China Centre (GBCC) ,

186–7 Great Exhibition . See exhibitions Greek theatre , 34, 55–6, 82 Guifei Zuijiu . See Drunken Imperial

Concubine , The Guo Min Dang (GMD) , xvii, 137–42,

144, 152–5, 161, 188 guzhuang xin xi . See ‘ancient costume

new drama’

H Hakluyt Posthumus , or Purchas His

Pilgrimes , xiii, 15–18 Hakluyt, Richard , xiii, 15 Hall, Kathy Lee , 174 Han Gong Qiu . See Han Koong

Tsew Han Koong Tsew : Or The Sorrows of

Han , 55 Hart, Robert , xv, 61, 64 Harvey, Wilfred , 133 Hatchett, William , xiv, 32–4 Havoc in Heaven ( Danao Tiangong ) ,

150, 195, 199, 200 Hazleton, George C. , 70–2, 81 He Yong , 199

Heavenly Maid Scatters Flowers , The ( Tiannü San Hua ) , 200, 206n27

Hochauser, Victor , 186, 198 Hollar, Wenceslas , 21 Holt, Thelma , 197 Hong Kong , xv, xvii, xviii, 8, 58, 61,

64, 65, 115, 139, 163–7, 174, 175, 182, 187

Hong Lou Meng. See Dream of the Red Chamber , A

Hongdeng Ji . See Red Lantern , The Hongzong Liema. See Steed with the

Red Mane , The Hsiung Shih-Yi , xvi, 7, 103–35,

151, 226 Hu Die , 105, 125 Hu Jintao , xviii, 184 Hua Guofeng , xvii, 183, 187, 203n6 Hua Mulan. See Mulan Huaju . See spoken drama Huang Xiang , 147, 149, 151, 154 Huilan Ji . See Circle of Chalk , The Huo Fenghuang . See Phoenix of Fire , The hybridity , 5, 125, 170–4, 192

I imperialism , 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 48, 58–9,

63, 64, 68, 69, 81–2, 86, 96, 138, 140, 183, 220, 223, 225–8

India , xiv, xv, xvii, 12, 41, 43, 51, 52, 54, 207, 82n1

interculturalism , 3, 9, 56, 68, 72, 89, 107–13, 173, 181, 195, 198, 201, 207, 220

International Fisheries Exhibition . See exhibitions

International Health Exhibition . See exhibitions

international relations . See cultural diplomacy, Foreign Offi ce (British), Sino-British trade, structural (soft) power

INDEX 259

Irving, Ernest , 91 Irving, Henry , xvi, 70 Islam , 25, 39–41, 48

J Jackson Street Theatre , 69, 74 Jiang Qing , 188–90 Jiang Zemin , xviii, 184 Jingju Piaoyou Hui , xvii, 161–2 Jingju . See Peking opera Journey to the West ( Xiyou Ji ) , xviii,

207–24, 158n10 Julien, Stanislas , xv, 86

K Ketelby, Albert , 132 Kettle, Tilly , 41–2 Keying , xv, 60–1, 63 Kingdom of Desire , The ( Yuwang

Chengguo ) , xviii, 196–8 Kings Bids Farewell to His Favourite ,

The ( Bawang Bieji ) , 150, 169, 227 Klabund , xvi, 86, 87, 92 Korean War , xvii, 140–1 Koxinga , xiv, 26 Kung Ho Association , xviii, 166 Kunju. See Kun opera Kun opera , xviii, 4, 20, 175

considered inferior to Peking opera by British critics , 195, 200

interculturalism , 193–5 tool of cultural diplomacy , 155

Kurosawa, Akira , 196–7

L L’Orphélin de la Chine , xiv, 34, 71 Lady Eden , 149–151 Lady Precious Stream , xvi, 103–18,

120, 122, 125–6, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132–3, 151

Lao Sheng Er. See Laou-Seng-Urh Laou-Seng-Urh : Or An Heir In His

Old Age , xiv, 55 Laver, James , xvi, 86–7, 89, 91–2 Legazpi, Miguel López de , 15–17 Li Shikan , 120 Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai ( Liang

Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai ) , 145 Liang Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai . See

Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai Limehouse . See Chinatown, in London Lin Zexu , 57–8 Lin Zhaohua , 191–3, 199 Little Theatre , 103 Liu Jipiao , 85–6 Liverpool , 114, 115, 166, 167 Locke, John , 45–7 London Jing-Kun Opera Association

(LJKOA) , xviii, 174–7 London Kiu Sing Cantonese Opera

Club , xvii, 165, 167

M Macartney (Lord) , xiv, 53, 60, 139 Macau , 12, 13, 19, 28, 52 Macmillan, Harold , 153, 154, 163 Madame Butterfl y , 98, 132 Malleson, Miles , 145–6, 150 Mao Zedong , xvii, 181, 219 May Fourth Movement , 107–8, 119,

125, 134n10 McCarthyism , 140 Mei Lanfang,

as international cultural ambassador , 120–2, 124–6

theatrical innovation , 119–20, 126, 145

tour to London , xvi, 122–6 tour to the US , 121–2

Mendoza, Juan González de , 15 Meyer, Ione , 168–74 mimicry , 5, 78–80

260 INDEX

missionaries , 15, 16, 54–6, 134n9 . See also Christianity

monarchy, absolute monarchy , 32 constitutional monarchy , 39

Monkey ! A Tale of China , 207–8 Monkey, Journey to the West , xviii, 208,

211, 212, 218–20 Moscow . See USSR Mudanting . See Peony Pavilion Mulan ( Hua Mulan ) , 190 Murphy, Arthur , xiv, 25, 36–8, 40,

45–7

N Napier , 57 National Peking Opera Troupe , xviii,

200, 226 Nieuhof, Johannes , xiii, 19–22 Nixon, Richard , 182 Noretti, Pablo , 13 Northern Kunqu Opera of China , 202

O Olivier, Laurence , 87, 95, 96 Olympics , xviii, 9, 202, 208 Omoncon , 16 Open Door Policy , 8, 184 opium , xv, 52, 54, 57–8, 60, 62, 68,

69, 82, 226 Orientalism (critical perspective) , 1–4,

18, 52, 82, 97, 99, 100, 132, 169, 170, 173, 174, 198, 208, 210, 212, 222–3, 226

Orientalism (school) , 41 Orphan of China , The , xiv, 25, 35–49,

52, 67, 86, 224 Orphan of Zhao , The ( Zhaoshi Gu Er ) ,

25, 27–9, 31, 32, 34, 37, 49n2, 55, 70

P Palace of Eternal Youth , The

( Changsheng Dian ) , 155 Palmerstone (Lord) , 57 Paris Sheng You Peking Opera Theatre

Company , 162, 168 Peking opera,

amateur performances in London , 161–2, 167–70, 174–6

censorship of plays , 144 choreographic patterns , 112–13 conceived of as national drama

( guoju ) , 119, 167, 177 conservative selections of plays for

London , 198–200 feminism , 188–90 interculturalism , 170–77, 191–2,

195–8 re-emergence after the Cultural

Revolution , 185–6 reasons for domestic decline ,

192–3, 214 source for European theatrical

invention , 120–2, 125, 194–8, 212–13

suitable for foreign audiences , 120, 121

tool of cultural diplomacy , 138, 146–56, 185–8, 201–2, 226–7

Peking Opera Explorations 1986–87 , xviii, 194–5

Peking Opera Ticket Friends Society . See Jingju Piaoyou Hui

Peony Pavilion , The ( Mudanting ) , xviii, 171, 195, 200, 211

Phoenix of Fire , The ( Huo Fenghuang ) , 186

Piccadilly , 93–4, 96, 99 Pinto, Fernão Mendes , 15 Poppy , 9 Portugal , xiii, 12–13, 15, 19, 26

INDEX 261

post-modernism , 201, 209, 210, 213, 216, 217, 221–3

Prémare, Henri Marie de , 28–30, 55 Price, Nancy , 104, 106, 110 Property Man (theatrical role of) , 73,

78–80, 105, 112

Q Qi Rushan , 119, 120 Quong, Rose , xvi, 87, 100–1, 133

R Red Lantern , The ( Hongdeng Ji ), 190,

204n12, 224n4 Red Noise , 199–200 Ricci, Matteo , 15, 18 Ripples Across Stagnant Water ( Sishui

Weilan ) , 199 Robeson, Paul , 123 Royal Chinese Theatre , 71 Running the Silk Road , 208 Russia , 15, 41 . See also USSR

S Said, Edward . See Orientalism (critical

perspective) San Cha Kou . See At the Crossroads San Da Tao Sanchun . See Fighting Tao

Sanchun Three Times San Francisco . See Chinatown, in San

Francisco Second Peking Opera Troupe ,

xviii, 194–5 Sequel to the Lute , A ( Xu Pipa ) ,

202 Shakespeare , 5, 9, 38, 40, 56, 100,

128, 131, 187, 190, 193–8, 201 Shanghai Peking Opera Troupe ,

xvii, 185

Shaw, George Bernard , 108, 114, 123, 127

Simpson, Gillian , 175–7 Sino-British trade , 12–14, 18–20,

25–7, 52–4, 57–8, 139, 187, 202, 225–7

Sino-Soviet Split , 156 Sishui Weilan. See Ripples Across

Stagnant Water Slippery Mountain , 208 Society of Anglo-Chinese

Understanding (SACU) , 169, 186

Spain , 16–19, 25, 36 spoken drama ( Huaju ) , xviii,

119, 199 Steed with the Red Mane , The

( Hongzong Liema ), 83n5 , 109 Stereoscope exhibition for Yellow

Jacket , The . See exhibitions structural (soft) power , 9, 181,

201–2, 226 Subalterneity , 97, 103–35 Suez Crisis , 142 Suo Ling Nang . See Unicorn Purse ,

The Suzhou Kunqu Opera Company ,

200

T Taiwan , xiii, xvii, 4, 19, 26, 138–42,

153–6, 161, 162, 182, 184, 195–7

Teevan, Colin , 207 Temple, William , 27 Ten Thousand Chinese Things . See

exhibitions Thatcher, Margaret , xvii, 187 Theory of Three Worlds, The , 183,

184, 187 Thorneycroft, Peter , 153

262 INDEX

Tianjin Municipal Peking Opera Troupe , 200

Tiannü San Hua. See Heavenly Maid Scatters Flowers , The

Trade . See Sino-British trade translation, seventeenth century

methodologies of , 29 Treaty of Nanjing , xv, 58, 226 Treaty Ports , 74 Trigault, Nicolas , 15 Tsai Chin , 152, 154, 191 Turks , 39 . See also Islam

U UK Beijing Opera Society (UKBOS) ,

xviii, 167–70, 175, 227 Unicorn Purse , The ( Suo Ling Nang ) ,

173 USSR , 123, 138–41, 149, 156,

182–6 . See also Russia

V Variety Theatre of China , The , xvii, 152 Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie

(VOC) , 19 Victoria (Queen) , 62 Virtue , 27, 31, 33, 39, 44–9 Voltaire , xiv, 34–8, 46, 71

W Walpole, Horace , xiv, 32-4 Weddell, John , xiii, 13 Western Chamber , The ( Xixiang Ji ) White Snake , The ( Baishezhuan ), ,

169, 174, 179n15, 190, 195, 199, 200, 202

whiteness , 1, 2, 78, 223, 228 Wild Boar Forest ( Yezhulin ) , 202

Wong, Anna-May , xvi, 7, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93–101, 103, 123, 127, 133, 226

Wu Cheng’en , 158n10, 207, 208 Wu Hsing-kuo , 196, 206n26 Wu Zuguang , 188, 191

X Xiong Shiyi . See Hsiung Shih-Yi Xiqu . See Chinese opera Xixiang Ji. See Western Chamber ,

The Xiyou Ji. See Journey to the West Xu Pipa. See Sequel to the Lute , A Xue Shou Ji. See Blood-stained Hands ,

The

Y Yang Family Generals , The ( Yangmen

Nü Jiang ) , 157n9, 185, 186, 195, 199, 226

Yangmen Nü Jiang . See Yang Family Generals , The

Yates, Mary Ann , 37 Yellow Earth Theatre , 208 Yellowface , 71, 78–80, 96, 105, 113,

170 Yellow Jacket , The , xvi, 52, 69–82

performances in London , 73–82

performances in the USA , 70–3 yellow peril , 101 Yezhulin . See Wild Boar Forest Yixin , xv, xvi, 61 Yuanqu Xuan ( Anthology of Yuan

Plays ) , 27, 28, 86, 232 Yueju . see Cantonese opera Yuwang Chengguo. See Kingdom of

Desire , The

INDEX 263

Z Zaju , 20, 27, 204n10, 233 Zhang Chunhua , 150,

157n8 Zhang Kewei , 168, 169, 172, 227

Zhaoshi Gu Er. See Orphan of Zhao , The

Zheng Chengong . See Koxinga Zheng Jing , 26 Zhou Enlai , 141, 142, 184, 189