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社会と学術をつなぐデータの世界

連絡先：武⽥英明 ／ 国⽴情報学研究所 情報学プリンシプル研究系TEL : 03-4212-2543 Email : takeda@nii.ac.jp http://lod.ac

RDF4U: RDF Graph Visualization (武田英明, ラッタチャイチャウウタイ)

LODAC: 学術リソースのためのオープン・ソーシャル・セマンティックWeb基盤の構築

社会と情報／情報世界と現実世界の融合G

If we display a node-link diagram or a concept-map diagram to readersdirectly, we will face with the following problems.1.A Query Graphis too Complicated to Read

A lot of inferred data that create giant components in a graph diagram.2. Lacking of Reading Flow of RDF Data

Background Content and Main Pointare NOT structuredin anyRDF graphs.http ://rc.lodac.nii.ac.jp /rd f4u

bit.ly/rdf4u

Triple Ranking

s2

s1

owl:sameAs

p1 o1

s1p1

o1& fD(s1) > fD(s2)

p1 o2

s1

o1p1p1

rdf:type C2

rdfs:subClassOfx C1

rdf:type

C2

rdfs:subClassOfx C1

rdf:type

o2

s1

o1p1p1

& <p1 rdf:typeowl:transitivePropert y>

1

2

3

To merge same-as nodes

To remove inferred transitive links

To remove inferred rdf:type hierarchies読みやすくなるよ〜!

やあ〜読めない！

Well-prepared RDF repositories did reasoning on ontologies in orderto support a SPARQL service, so inferred triples create giantcomponents in a graph.

Thus, the power of Semantic Web rules is used to simplify a graph.

(High Value) Key Concept is an important term that is always found in the query result and not many in the whole dataset.

(Low Value) General Concept is a term that is commonly known and they are always found in the whole dataset.

Weight of a URI

Visualization-Weight of a Triple

Concept Level

Information Level

w(uri)=fQ(uri)

log( fD(uri) + 1)

triplew(s) + w(p) + w(o)

3vw(⟨ s,p,o⟩ ) =

fQ(uri) number of the URI in a query graph

fD(uri) number of the URI in the whole dataset

(High Value) Topic-Specific Information contains specific terms that are highly relevance to the article. (a lot of key concepts)

(Low Value) Common Information explains background knowledge that supports readers to understand the main content. (a lot of general concepts)

average

Graph Simplification

農業分野における用語標準化(武田英明, 朱成敏)どんな研究？

農業ITシステムの相互運用性

農業現場で発⽣したデータの連携と統合のために基準になる標準語彙を定義しています。

何ができる？

異なるシステムから発⽣したデータも統合・連携が可能になって農業分野全般において農作業計画の最適化、収穫量の予測など、より有⽤にデータを活⽤することが可能になります。

区画管理営農管理資材管理経営管理

…

データの発生

センサーなどによる現場観測

農業用語の多様性

#代かき #代掻き #しろかき #荒代かき #整地＃均平化 #代掻き作業 #かじり システムB システムC

データ項目が標準化されていない！

代かき

整地作業

かじり

解決方法：農業分野の標準語彙を定義する

は種 : 種⼦繁殖のために圃場で種を播く作業

⽬的 : 種⼦繁殖場所 : 圃場対象 : 種⾏為 : 播く

対象分野 : 農作業、作物、肥料 ...定義⼿段 : オントロジーの構築

オントロジー(Ontology)とは？対象の概念と概念間の相互関係を定義する体系。- 上位クラスが持つ属性を下位が継承- 概念と表記を分離

は種の例

属性 属性の値

農作業概念の構造化

は種 : 播種

概念名(見出語)

表記（同意語）

1. ⽬的によって概念を細分化する作物⽣産作業 > 作物⽣育作業> 繁殖制御作業 > 種⼦繁殖作業

2.⾏為、対象、場所、⼿段、時期、機材、作物によって細分化

は種 苗箱直播(は種＋場所：苗箱)湛⽔直播(は種＋場所：⽔⽥)乾⽥直播(は種＋場所：乾⽥)

記述論理(Description Logics)とは？理論的基盤となる概念階層の記述に特化した論理的⾔語- 概念の⽭盾や同⼀性を判断- 機械による推論処理が容易

http://cavoc.org/

農作業基本オントロジー(AAO : Agriculture Activity Ontology)

http://cavoc.org/aao/

3.記述論理を⽤いて表現

Linked Open Data を用いたオープンデータ・オープンサイエンス基盤に関する研究

〒101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋 2-1-2 国立情報学研究所 武田研究室

LODAC Project 武田英明 大向一輝 加藤文彦 小出誠二 亀田 尭宙 松村冬子 嘉村哲郎 深見嘉明 高橋徹 上田洋 小林巌生〒101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2-1-2 国立情報学研究所 Tel: 03-4212-2543 Fax: 03-3556-1916 Email: takeda@nii.ac.jp http://lod.ac

武田 英明 ( 情報学プリンシプル研究系 )・大向 一輝 ( コンテンツ科学研究系 )

社会と学術をつなぐデータの世界

Linked Open Data で創るデータの Web

DBpedia Japanese の効果

Data Extraction

Template

Mapping infobox to ontologyused for extraction

Infobox からの抽出処理イメージ

http://ja.dbpedia.org

DBpedia JapaneseDBpedia Japanese は LODクラウドの中心であるDBpedia の兄弟プロジェクトで、日本語Wikipedia をもとに汎用的な情報のデータセットを作成・提供しています。英語等他言語にもリンクしているため、多言語のハブにもなっています。

DBpedia Japnese の公開後、活用する研究やデータセットアプリケーションが増加。

研究活用推移 データセット分野別

DBpediaJapanese

Japanese WikipediaOntology

LSJ

NDL Authorities

LC

VIAF

DBpedia

LODACMuseum

saveMLAK

Yokohama Art

SOCIA

LODACSpecies

AozoraBunko

Kyoto Manga

Museum

CiNii

KAKEN

GeoLOD

EarthquakeArchives

Fukushima

Geonames

RIHN

LOD Cloud

Open license Fumihiro Kato, 2015-11-18

Publication

Life Science Cross-domainMedia Government

GeographicIndustry

User generated content

LSD

i-Scover

Allie

Senkyo

Statdb

Michishiru

N-ken

Open DATA METI

RNR

J-GLOBALknowledge

Geonames.jpEvaCva

ISIL

Linked Datasets as of August 2014

Uniprot

AlexandriaDigital Library

Gazetteer

lobidOrganizations

chem2bio2rdf

MultimediaLab University

Ghent

Open DataEcuador

GeoEcuador

Serendipity

UTPLLOD

GovAgriBusDenmark

DBpedialive

URIBurner

Linguistics

Social Networking

Life Sciences

Cross-Domain

Government

User-Generated Content

Publications

Geographic

Media

Identifiers

EionetRDF

lobidResources

WiktionaryDBpedia

Viaf

Umthes

RKBExplorer

Courseware

Opencyc

Olia

Gem.Thesaurus

AudiovisueleArchieven

DiseasomeFU-Berlin

Eurovocin

SKOS

DNBGND

Cornetto

Bio2RDFPubmed

Bio2RDFNDC

Bio2RDFMesh

IDS

OntosNewsPortal

AEMET

ineverycrea

LinkedUser

Feedback

MuseosEspaniaGNOSS

Europeana

NomenclatorAsturias

Red UnoInternacional

GNOSS

GeoWordnet

Bio2RDFHGNC

CticPublic

Dataset

Bio2RDFHomologene

Bio2RDFAffymetrix

MuninnWorld War I

CKAN

GovernmentWeb Integration

forLinkedData

Universidadde CuencaLinkeddata

Freebase

Linklion

Ariadne

OrganicEdunet

GeneExpressionAtlas RDF

ChemblRDF

BiosamplesRDF

IdentifiersOrg

BiomodelsRDF

ReactomeRDF

Disgenet

SemanticQuran

IATI asLinked Data

DutchShips and

Sailors

Verrijktkoninkrijk

IServe

Arago-dbpedia

LinkedTCGA

ABS270a.info

RDFLicense

EnvironmentalApplications

ReferenceThesaurus

Thist

JudaicaLink

BPR

OCD

ShoahVictimsNames

Reload

Data forTourists in

Castilla y Leon

2001SpanishCensusto RDF

RKBExplorer

Webscience

RKBExplorerEprintsHarvest

NVS

EU AgenciesBodies

EPO

LinkedNUTS

RKBExplorer

Epsrc

OpenMobile

Network

RKBExplorerLisbon

RKBExplorer

Italy

CE4R

EnvironmentAgency

Bathing WaterQuality

RKBExplorerKaunas

OpenData

Thesaurus

RKBExplorerWordnet

RKBExplorer

ECS

AustrianSki

Racers

Social-semweb

Thesaurus

DataOpenAc Uk

RKBExplorer

IEEE

RKBExplorer

LAAS

RKBExplorer

Wiki

RKBExplorer

JISC

RKBExplorerEprints

RKBExplorer

Pisa

RKBExplorer

Darmstadt

RKBExplorerunlocode

RKBExplorer

Newcastle

RKBExplorer

OS

RKBExplorer

Curriculum

RKBExplorer

Resex

RKBExplorer

Roma

RKBExplorerEurecom

RKBExplorer

IBM

RKBExplorer

NSF

RKBExplorer

kisti

RKBExplorer

DBLP

RKBExplorer

ACM

RKBExplorerCiteseer

RKBExplorer

Southampton

RKBExplorerDeepblue

RKBExplorerDeploy

RKBExplorer

Risks

RKBExplorer

ERA

RKBExplorer

OAI

RKBExplorer

FT

RKBExplorer

Ulm

RKBExplorer

Irit

RKBExplorerRAE2001

RKBExplorer

Dotac

RKBExplorerBudapest

SwedishOpen Cultural

Heritage

Radatana

CourtsThesaurus

GermanLabor LawThesaurus

GovUKTransport

Data

GovUKEducation

Data

EnaktingMortality

EnaktingEnergy

EnaktingCrime

EnaktingPopulation

EnaktingCO2Emission

EnaktingNHS

RKBExplorer

Crime

RKBExplorercordis

Govtrack

GeologicalSurvey of

AustriaThesaurus

GeoLinkedData

GesisThesoz

Bio2RDFPharmgkb

Bio2RDFSabiorkBio2RDF

Ncbigene

Bio2RDFIrefindex

Bio2RDFIproclass

Bio2RDFGOA

Bio2RDFDrugbank

Bio2RDFCTD

Bio2RDFBiomodels

Bio2RDFDBSNP

Bio2RDFClinicaltrials

Bio2RDFLSR

Bio2RDFOrphanet

Bio2RDFWormbase

BIS270a.info

DM2E

DBpediaPT

DBpediaES

DBpediaCS

DBnary

AlpinoRDF

YAGO

PdevLemon

Lemonuby

Isocat

Ietflang

Core

KUPKB

GettyAAT

SemanticWeb

Journal

OpenlinkSWDataspaces

MyOpenlinkDataspaces

Jugem

Typepad

AspireHarperAdams

NBNResolving

Worldcat

Bio2RDF

Bio2RDFECO

Taxon-conceptAssets

Indymedia

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation imd

EmploymentRank La 2010

GNULicenses

GreekWordnet

DBpedia

CIPFA

Yso.fiAllars

Glottolog

StatusNetBonifaz

StatusNetshnoulle

Revyu

StatusNetKathryl

ChargingStations

AspireUCL

Tekord

Didactalia

ArtenueVosmedios

GNOSS

LinkedCrunchbase

ESDStandards

VIVOUniversityof Florida

Bio2RDFSGD

Resources

ProductOntology

DatosBne.es

StatusNetMrblog

Bio2RDFDataset

EUNIS

GovUKHousingMarket

LCSH

GovUKTransparencyImpact ind.Households

In temp.Accom.

UniprotKB

StatusNetTimttmy

SemanticWeb

Grundlagen

GovUKInput ind.

Local AuthorityFunding FromGovernment

Grant

StatusNetFcestrada

JITA

StatusNetSomsants

StatusNetIlikefreedom

DrugbankFU-Berlin

Semanlink

StatusNetDtdns

StatusNetStatus.net

DCSSheffield

AtheliaRFID

StatusNetTekk

ListaEncabezaMientosMateria

StatusNetFragdev

Morelab

DBTuneJohn PeelSessions

RDFizelast.fm

OpenData

Euskadi

GovUKTransparency

Input ind.Local auth.Funding f.

Gvmnt. Grant

MSC

Lexinfo

StatusNetEquestriarp

Asn.us

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation ImdHealth Rank la

2010

StatusNetMacno

OceandrillingBorehole

AspireQmul

GovUKImpact

IndicatorsPlanning

ApplicationsGranted

Loius

Datahub.io

StatusNetMaymay

Prospectsand

TrendsGNOSS

GovUKTransparency

Impact IndicatorsEnergy Efficiency

new Builds

DBpediaEU

Bio2RDFTaxon

StatusNetTschlotfeldt

JamendoDBTune

AspireNTU

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation Imd

Health Score2010

LoticoGNOSS

UniprotMetadata

LinkedEurostat

AspireSussex

Lexvo

LinkedGeoData

StatusNetSpip

SORS

GovUKHomeless-

nessAccept. per

1000

TWCIEEEvis

AspireBrunel

PlanetDataProject

Wiki

StatusNetFreelish

Statisticsdata.gov.uk

StatusNetMulestable

Enipedia

UKLegislation

API

LinkedMDB

StatusNetQth

SiderFU-Berlin

DBpediaDE

GovUKHouseholds

Social lettingsGeneral Needs

Lettings PrpNumber

Bedrooms

AgrovocSkos

MyExperiment

ProyectoApadrina

GovUKImd CrimeRank 2010

SISVU

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation ImdHousing Rank la

2010

StatusNetUni

Siegen

OpendataScotland Simd

EducationRank

StatusNetKaimi

GovUKHouseholds

Accommodatedper 1000

StatusNetPlanetlibre

DBpediaEL

SztakiLOD

DBpediaLite

DrugInteractionKnowledge

BaseStatusNet

Qdnx

AmsterdamMuseum

AS EDN LOD

RDFOhloh

DBTuneartistslast.fm

AspireUclan

HellenicFire Brigade

Bibsonomy

NottinghamTrent

ResourceLists

OpendataScotland SimdIncome Rank

RandomnessGuide

London

OpendataScotland

Simd HealthRank

SouthamptonECS Eprints

FRB270a.info

StatusNetSebseb01

StatusNetBka

ESDToolkit

HellenicPolice

StatusNetCed117

OpenEnergy

Info Wiki

StatusNetLydiastench

OpenDataRISP

Taxon-concept

Occurences

Bio2RDFSGD

UIS270a.info

NYTimesLinked Open

Data

AspireKeele

GovUKHouseholdsProjectionsPopulation

W3C

OpendataScotland

Simd HousingRank

ZDB

StatusNet1w6

StatusNetAlexandre

Franke

DeweyDecimal

Classification

StatusNetStatus

StatusNetdoomicile

CurrencyDesignators

StatusNetHiico

LinkedEdgar

GovUKHouseholds

2008

DOI

StatusNetPandaid

BrazilianPoliticians

NHSJargon

Theses.fr

LinkedLifeData

Semantic WebDogFood

UMBEL

OpenlyLocal

StatusNetSsweeny

LinkedFood

InteractiveMaps

GNOSS

OECD270a.info

Sudoc.fr

GreenCompetitive-

nessGNOSS

StatusNetIntegralblue

WOLD

LinkedStockIndex

Apache

KDATA

LinkedOpenPiracy

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprv. ImdEmpl. Rank

La 2010

BBCMusic

StatusNetQuitter

StatusNetScoffoni

OpenElection

DataProject

Referencedata.gov.uk

StatusNetJonkman

ProjectGutenbergFU-BerlinDBTropes

StatusNetSpraci

Libris

ECB270a.info

StatusNetThelovebug

Icane

GreekAdministrative

Geography

Bio2RDFOMIM

StatusNetOrangeseeds

NationalDiet Library

WEB NDLAuthorities

UniprotTaxonomy

DBpediaNL

L3SDBLP

FAOGeopolitical

Ontology

GovUKImpact

IndicatorsHousing Starts

DeutscheBiographie

StatusNetldnfai

StatusNetKeuser

StatusNetRusswurm

GovUK SocietalWellbeing

Deprivation ImdCrime Rank 2010

GovUKImd Income

Rank La2010

StatusNetDatenfahrt

StatusNetImirhil

Southamptonac.uk

LOD2Project

Wiki

DBpediaKO

DailymedFU-Berlin

WALS

DBpediaIT

StatusNetRecit

Livejournal

StatusNetExdc

Elviajero

Aves3D

OpenCalais

ZaragozaTurruta

AspireManchester

Wordnet(VU)

GovUKTransparency

Impact IndicatorsNeighbourhood

Plans

StatusNetDavid

Haberthuer

B3Kat

PubBielefeld

Prefix.cc

NALT

Vulnera-pedia

GovUKImpact

IndicatorsAffordable

Housing Starts

GovUKWellbeing lsoa

HappyYesterday

Mean

FlickrWrappr

Yso.fiYSA

OpenLibrary

AspirePlymouth

StatusNetJohndrink

Water

StatusNetGomertronic

Tags2conDelicious

StatusNettl1n

StatusNetProgval

Testee

WorldFactbookFU-Berlin

DBpediaJA

StatusNetCooleysekula

ProductDB

IMF270a.info

StatusNetPostblue

StatusNetSkilledtests

NextwebGNOSS

EurostatFU-Berlin

GovUKHouseholds

Social LettingsGeneral Needs

Lettings PrpHousehold

Composition

StatusNetFcac

DWSGroup

OpendataScotland

GraphSimd Rank

DNB

CleanEnergyData

Reegle

OpendataScotland SimdEmployment

Rank

ChroniclingAmerica

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation

Imd Rank 2010

StatusNetBelfalas

AspireMMU

StatusNetLegadolibre

BlukBNB

StatusNetLebsanft

GADMGeovocab

GovUKImd Score

2010

SemanticXBRL

UKPostcodes

GeoNames

EEARodAspire

Roehampton

BFS270a.info

CameraDeputatiLinkedData

Bio2RDFGeneID

GovUKTransparency

Impact IndicatorsPlanning

ApplicationsGranted

StatusNetSweetie

Belle

O'Reilly

GNI

CityLichfield

GovUKImd

Rank 2010

BibleOntology

Idref.fr

StatusNetAtari

Frosch

Dev8d

NobelPrizes

StatusNetSoucy

ArchiveshubLinkedData

LinkedRailway

DataProject

FAO270a.info

GovUKWellbeing

WorthwhileMean

Bibbase

Semantic-web.org

BritishMuseum

Collection

GovUKDev LocalAuthorityServices

CodeHaus

Lingvoj

OrdnanceSurveyLinkedData

Wordpress

EurostatRDF

StatusNetKenzoid

GEMET

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprv. imdScore '10

MisMuseosGNOSS

GovUKHouseholdsProjections

totalHouseolds

StatusNet20100

EEA

CiardRing

OpendataScotland Graph

EducationPupils by

School andDatazone

VIVOIndiana

University

Pokepedia

Transparency270a.info

StatusNetGlou

GovUKHomelessness

HouseholdsAccommodated

TemporaryHousing Types

STWThesaurus

forEconomics

DebianPackageTrackingSystem

DBTuneMagnatune

NUTSGeo-vocab

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation ImdIncome Rank La

2010

BBCWildlifeFinder

StatusNetMystatus

MiguiadEviajesGNOSS

AcornSat

DataBnf.fr

GovUKimd env.

rank 2010

StatusNetOpensimchat

OpenFoodFacts

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation Imd

Education Rank La2010

LODACBDLS

FOAF-Profiles

StatusNetSamnoble

GovUKTransparency

Impact IndicatorsAffordable

Housing Starts

StatusNetCoreyavisEnel

Shops

DBpediaFR

StatusNetRainbowdash

StatusNetMamalibre

PrincetonLibrary

Findingaids

WWWFoundation

Bio2RDFOMIM

Resources

OpendataScotland Simd

GeographicAccess Rank

Gutenberg

StatusNetOtbm

ODCLSOA

StatusNetOurcoffs

Colinda

WebNmasunoTraveler

StatusNetHackerposse

LOV

GarnicaPlywood

GovUKwellb. happy

yesterdaystd. dev.

StatusNetLudost

BBCProgram-

mes

GovUKSocietal

WellbeingDeprivation Imd

EnvironmentRank 2010

Bio2RDFTaxonomy

Worldbank270a.info

OSM

DBTuneMusic-brainz

LinkedMarkMail

StatusNetDeuxpi

GovUKTransparency

ImpactIndicators

Housing Starts

BizkaiSense

GovUKimpact

indicators energyefficiency new

builds

StatusNetMorphtown

GovUKTransparency

Input indicatorsLocal authorities

Working w. tr.Families

ISO 639Oasis

AspirePortsmouth

ZaragozaDatos

AbiertosOpendataScotland

SimdCrime Rank

Berlios

StatusNetpiana

GovUKNet Add.Dwellings

Bootsnall

StatusNetchromic

Geospecies

linkedct

Wordnet(W3C)

StatusNetthornton2

StatusNetmkuttner

StatusNetlinuxwrangling

EurostatLinkedData

GovUKsocietal

wellbeingdeprv. imd

rank '07

GovUKsocietal

wellbeingdeprv. imdrank la '10

LinkedOpen Data

ofEcology

StatusNetchickenkiller

StatusNetgegeweb

DeustoTech

StatusNetschiessle

GovUKtransparency

impactindicatorstr. families

Taxonconcept

GovUKservice

expenditure

GovUKsocietal

wellbeingdeprivation imd

employmentscore 2010

LOD とは、Webページが相互につながって巨大なサイバースペースがつくられたように、Data がオープンかつ相互につながり合うことで巨大なデータの世界ができる仕組みです。

どんな研究 ? 何ができる ?Linked Open Data (LOD) という形で学術資源を提供する実践的な研究です。汎用的な情報、博物館資料、生物種情報などを LOD化しています。

・学術データに気軽にアクセス・データ間をサーフィンして知識獲得・他データと柔軟に組み合わせて再利用再公開・データに基づくアプリ作成