Attracting Wildlife

Food

Fruit Bearing

Nectar Plants

Larval Plants

Cover

Water

Puddling Station

Birdbaths

Managing For Wildlife

Weeds

Nuisance Animals

More Information

Author: Rebecca McNair

All Animals Need: Food Cover Water Space

Animals will only reside or forage in an area that contains enough of these four essential elements to maintain daily activities.

Habitat

Food Fruit Seeds Insects Nectar Larval Meat Remember to provide food year-

round, especially in winter.

Attract a variety of birds, reptiles, bats, butterflies and other insects

Fruit Bearing Plants

for North Florida

Beautyberry Calicarpa americana

Tupelo Nyssa ogeche

Wild grape Vitis sp.

Mulberry Morus rubra

Large native tree ~ 40 ft

Full sun Throughout

Florida Edible fruit

in spring Brittle bark,

messy

(USDA Zone 5-9)

Chickasaw Plum Prunus angustifolia

Native tree ~10 ft

Full to partial sun

Blooms early spring

Edible fruit Suckers tend to form thickets

(USDA Zone 8-10)

Holly Ilex spp.

Native shrubs and trees

Sun to partial shade Range varies Fruit remains through

winter, attracting birds Salt, drought and

shade tolerant Suckers

Gallberry Ilex glabra

Dahoon Holly Ilex cassine

(USDA Zone 6-9)

Virginia Willow Itea virginica (USDA Zone 6-10A)

Native shrub ~ 7 ft

Full to partial sun

Blooms spring

Drought and flood tolerant

Suckers tend to form thickets

Photo by Joe Schaefer

Sea Grape Coccoloba uvifera

McCabe

Bluestem Palm Sabal minor

Fruit Bearing Plants

for South Florida

Southern Red Cedar Juniperus

silicicola

Bryan

Elderberry Sambucus canadensis (USDA Zone 3-7)

Native shrub ~15 ft

Full to partial sun Throughout

Florida Fragrant flowers

year-round Edible fruit

Florida Privet Forestiera segregata (USDA Zone 9-11)

Native shrub ~10 ft

Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Fast grower Drought and salt tolerant Dense cover and fruits attract birds

Wild Coffee Psychotria nervosa (USDA Zone 11)

Native shrub ~8 ft

Partial to full shade tolerant

Blooms spring- summer

Attracts butterflies and birds

Nectar Plants

for North Florida

Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis

Cardinal flower

Lobelia cardinalis Coneflower Echinacea purpurea

Golden Dew DropDuranta repens (USDA Zone 8-11)

Shrub ~ 14 feet

Full to partial sun

Blooms year- round

Throughout Florida

High drought tolerance

Attracts butterflies

Porterweed Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (USDA Zone 8-11)

Native and non-native perennial ~ 4 ft

Full to partial sun

Blooms year-round

Medium salt and drought tolerance

Red variety is non-native

Coral HoneysuckleLonicera sempervirens (USDA Zone 6-9A)

Native vine Full to partial sun Blooms spring- fall Throughout Florida Attract butterflies

and hummingbirds

Nectar Plants

for South Florida

Mexican Flame Vine Senecio confusis

Firebush Hamelia patens

Yellow Shrimp Plant Pachystachys lutea

Red Shrimp Justicia spicigera

Necklace PodSophora tomentosa (USDA Zone 10B-11)

Native shrub ~ 8 ft

Full sun

Blooms year-round

High salt and drought tolerance

Attracts humming-birds and butterflies

Poisonous to humans

Jatropha Jatropha integerrima (USDA Zone 10B-11)

Shrub ~ 8 feet

Full sun

Blooms year- round

Drought tolerance

Fruit is poisonous to humans

Larval Plants for North Florida

Matchweed, Phyla

nodiflora is the larval

host of the Buckeye.

Willow, Salix caroliniana is a larval host of the Viceroy.

Red Bay Persia borbonia (USDA Zone 7-10B)

Native tree ~ 40 ft

Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Drought and salt tolerant Blooms in spring attract butterflies Purple fruit attract birds

Joe Schaefer

Bays are larval food for the spicebush

swallowtail.

Milkweed Asclepias spp. (USDA Zone 8-10A)

Shrub ~ 4 ft

Natives available

Full to partial sun

Blooms year-round

Throughout Florida

Drought tolerant

Nectar attracts hummingbirds and butterflies

Larval host of Monarch and

Queen

Passion flower Passiflora spp. (USDA Zone 6-11) Vine Native varieties

available Full to partial

sun Blooms year-

round Throughout

Florida

Larval host of Gulf Fritillary

Native shrub ~ 3 ft

Full-partial sun

Salt and drought tolerant

Throughout Florida

Insignificant bloom

Coontie Zamia pumila(USDA Zone 9-11)

Larval host of Atala butterfly, found only in southeast Florida.

Larval Plants

for South Florida

Wild Tamarind Lysiloma latisiliquum larval host of Cloudless Sulphurs

Green Shrimp Blechum

browneiLarval host of the

Malachites

Native tree ~25 ft

Full to partial sun

Blooms year-round

Salt and drought tolerant

Wild LimeZanthozylum fagara (USDA Zone 11)

Larval host of Giant

Swallowtail

Vine

Full to partial sun

Blooms summer-fall

Medium drought tolerance

Dutchman’s PipeAristolochia spp. (USDA Zone 8-11)

Larval host of Pipevine

swallowtail

Senna (syn. Cassia) Senna spp. (USDA Zone 10-11) Native and non-native

shrubs ~ 6-10 ft

Full to partial sun

Blooms fall- spring

Fast growing, short-lived

(non-native) Desert Cassia Senna

polyphylla

Larval host of Sulphurs

Chapman’s Senna Senna mexicana var. chapmanii

Cover Vertical layers Evergreen species

for winter cover Standing dead trees,

or “snags” Brush pile

Water Permanent water feature Sound of running water attracts

many animals

Puddling-Butterflies obtain

water and minerals from liquid in pore

spaces.

Puddling station

Sandra Granson

Design a Puddling Station

1.Layer sand in saucer

2.Add layer of compost

3.Place pebbles on top

4.Add water slowly (to pebble layer)

5.Place saucer on upside down pot

Birdbath Shallow with

mildly sloping sides

Rough surface Keep clean Rinse off any

soap residueAudubon Society recommends changing the water and cleaning bird baths weekly to avoid spreading avian diseases.

Managing for WildlifeVertical layers of vegetationPlant nativesNo pesticides!Stop mowing- Weeds add

wildlife value to your yard!

Long-tailed skipper

feeding on Spanish needle.

Bidens alba

Wild Wonderful Weeds PokeweedPhytolacca americana

Horsemint Monarda punctata

Blanket flower Gaillardia pulchella

Coreopsis Coreopsis spp.

Tolerance of Nuisance AnimalsDiggers (moles, gophers, squirrels,

armadillos, tortoises)

Bring nutrient to surface

Loosen & aerate soilFeed on turf and

landscape pestsTrapping and

deterrents

Herbivores (deer, rabbits, ducks)

Contribute to food web, circle of life

Nets and fencing may protect fruits

Harassment or nest removal for non-natives

Pocket Gopher Marsh rabbitArmadillo

More Wild Information

Florida Cooperative Extension Service - Wildlife Program

www.wec.ufl.edu/extension Print on demand Links and information Educational programs

Florida Wildlife Habitat Program Local Audubon Society

Further ReadingHttp://edis.ifas.ufl.eduWEC-20 Dealing with Unwanted Wildlife in an Urban

EnvironmentSS-WEC-70 Threats to Florida's BiodiversityWEC-72 Saving Endangered Species: How You Can HelpWEC-44 Water for WildlifeSS-WIS-09 Native Plants that Attract Wildlife: Central

FloridaSS-WIS-22 Butterfly Gardening in FloridaSS-WIS-21 Hummingbirds of Florida

Thanks for your attention!The following presentation was made possible through a grant from FL DEP and EPA. Special thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contributions:

FL114 ELM Design Team and the FYN Subcommittee

Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, UF

Agriculture Education and Communication Department

Environmental Horticulture Department

Entomology and Nematology Department

Soil and Water Sciences Department

Florida Cooperative Extension Service in: Alachua, Broward, Clay, Hillsborough, Lake, Miami-Dade, Orange, Pinellas Sarasota, and Volusia Counties

Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence

The Center For Wetlands, UF

United States Department of Agriculture

Division of Plant Industry