Future of Automotive Safety - AWBriefingawbriefing.com/presentations/140508_jim_hopton.pdf ·...

Future of Automotive SafetyFuture of Automotive SafetyFuture of Automotive Safety

Jim HoptonManager Safety & Simulation

MIRA Ltd

Integrating Safety in DesignIntegrating Safety in Design

AgendaAgendaAgenda

• Passive Safety, structure & restraint systems• Vehicle Structures• Issues of Compatibility• Restraints systems

• Pedestrian Protection – Passive & Active• Pre Crash & Active Safety

• Testing of Intelligent Safety Systems

Passive Safety(Secondary)

Active Safety(Primary)

Pre Crash Safety

Passive Safety Vehicle Structures

Passive Safety Passive Safety Vehicle StructuresVehicle Structures

Impact legislation formulated through 1990’sBased on cars of late 80’s early 90’sAimed at recreating car to car impactsImpact barriers are based on 90’s 900kg vehicle, low front end stiffness

Development of vehicle to meet NCAP

Development of vehicle to Development of vehicle to meet NCAPmeet NCAP

EuroNCAP has improved passive safety of cars

1997 2004

Evolution of Car DesignEvolution of Car DesignEvolution of Car Design

Main passenger cell now has high integrity to avoid intrusion

Position of main longitudinal

40%10%

CompatibilityCompatibilityCompatibility

Alignment of energy absorptionDistance over which energy is absorbed tends to be the same for all vehiclesConsequence is a large car is much stiffer than a small car

Compatibility EEVC WG15– VC-COMPAT

Compatibility Compatibility EEVC WG15EEVC WG15–– VCVC--COMPATCOMPAT

Integrated set of test procedures to assess a car’s frontal impact protection

Address partner and self protection without decreasing current self protection levelsMinimum number of proceduresInternationally harmonised procedures

Both full width and offset tests requiredFull width test to provide high deceleration pulse to assess the occupant’s deceleration and restraint systemOffset test to load one side of car for compartment integrity

Procedures designed so that compatibility can implemented in a stepwise manner

Compatibility - Next StepsCompatibility Compatibility -- Next StepsNext Steps

Approach 1Full Width Deformable Barrier (FWDB) test

Structural interactionHigh deceleration pulse

ODB test with EEVC barrier

Frontal force levelsCompartment integrity

Approach 2Full Width Rigid Barrier (FWRB) test

High deceleration pulse

Progressive Deformable Barrier (PDB) test

Structural interactionFrontal force matchingCompartment integrity

WG 15 Route Map aims for recommendation Nov 2010

Strategies being adoptedStrategies being adoptedStrategies being adopted

Honda Civic / Accord

Passive SafetyNear Term – Restraint System

Passive SafetyPassive SafetyNear Term Near Term –– Restraint SystemRestraint System

Current restraint system made up of:SeatbeltSeatbelt retractor load limiterAirbag (s)

2 – stage

Contribution from Steering column Knee bolster area

Possible Changes to the Restraint System – Pre Crash Safety

Possible Changes to the Restraint Possible Changes to the Restraint System System –– Pre Crash SafetyPre Crash Safety

System is set up for one seating positionOEM undertake due care for:

Range of occupants sizes 95%ile to 5%ileOut of Position e.g. arm on window

Technology is available to adapt restraint system to the actual position / size / age

Move seatClose windowPre load seatbelt

Directive 2003/102/EC Phase 2 / EuroNCAP Impact ZonesDirective 2003/102/EC Phase 2 / Directive 2003/102/EC Phase 2 / EuroNCAP Impact ZonesEuroNCAP Impact Zones

Child HeadformSpeed 11.1 m/s (40 kph)

Mass 2.5 KgKinetic energy 154 J

Upper LegformKinetic energy rangeFrom 200 J to 700 J

Adult HeadformSpeed 11.1 m/s (40 kph)

Mass 4.8 Kg Kinetic energy 295 J

Lower LegformSpeed 11.1 m/s (40 kph)


Alternative UpperLeg to Bumper Test for SUV’sSpeed 11.1 m/s

Mass 9.5 KgEnergy 585J

EuroNCAP Only






EuroNCAP Only




Monitor only







Lower LegformSpeed 11.1 m/s (40 kph)


Revised injury criteria



EuroNCAP Only

Monitor only

Brake Assist

Active & Pre Crash Safety –Reducing Probability of Impact

Active & Pre Crash Safety Active & Pre Crash Safety ––Reducing Probability of Impact Reducing Probability of Impact

2006 Road Casualties of GB included contributory factors:67% of all accidents involved driver / rider error or reaction34% included going too fast / too close / exceeding speed limit35% included failed to look properly

These figures are consistent with USA where human error contributed to 90%

Pre Crash Safety Test MethodPre Crash Safety Test MethodPre Crash Safety Test MethodPlatform to measure / detect VRU in real time, in safety Supports Infrared & colour camera systems

Save-U platform 2004

Restraint MechanismsRestraint MechanismsRestraint Mechanisms

Test vehicle

Falling weight

Braking Drum

Energy absorbers

Deformed steel bar

Ground TruthGround TruthGround TruthTo allow accurate post-test data analysis, onboard sensors logged

rig velocity and yaw, and “ground truth” information is recorded using an overhead camera.

On board cameras

Overhead “ground truth” camera

SAVE-U test with pedestrians crossing

What Facilities are Required ?For Active & Pre-Crash TestingWhat Facilities are Required ?What Facilities are Required ?For Active & PreFor Active & Pre--Crash TestingCrash TestingTo support these applications and scenarios it is necessary for a Telematics centre to be able to controllably replicate the following environments:

City MotorwayTrunk RoadsFree-form areaControl Centre & Demonstration Suite

MIRAMIRA’’s Headquarterss Headquarters

innovITS ADVANCE innovITS innovITS ADVANCE ADVANCE

City Circuit

Trunk Road Circuit

Control Centre & Demonstration Suite

Motorway Circuit

Free‐form Area

Features

City grid features numerous junctions, islands & traffic calming featuresParking areas for on-board set-up and data reviewSimulates Line-of-sight and Urban Canyon effectsDifferential GPS positioning Support for numerous communications standardsFlexible power management

645m

Stage 1.City Circuit

Stage 1.Stage 1.City CircuitCity Circuit

Time Distance Position based chargingIntelligent ParkingLane Departure Detection/WarningDriver Behaviour StudiesTelematics robustness in poor reception areasProduct and Technology DemonstrationsNational/International Forums/EventsPort system - slot allocationRO-RO truck parkingElectronic towbars – ‘platooning’ADAS (Advanced Driver Assist Systems)

Blind Spot DetectionPark/Reverse AssistAdaptive Cruise ControlRoad edge detectionRoad Sign Detection

Speed controlSecurity - tracking

Travel & traveler InformationLiability Framework - what if it failsIn-car 'black box' data recordersStandards Electronic TollingCooperative Active Safety

Collision mitigationVulnerable road user detectionIntersection safety

eService and vehicle diagnosticsNavigation ServicesTraffic ManagementJourney ManagementFleet ManagementStand-alone/autonomous vehicles/systemsIntelligent/Variable Message SignsAir quality management

Applications and ScenariosApplications and ScenariosApplications and Scenarios

Concluding RemarksConcluding RemarksConcluding RemarksPassive Safety

Structure technology availableAgreement needed on compatibility formula

Restraint system technology is maturingPedestrian issues are understood

Pre-Crash TechnologyRequires safe environment for developmentEach technology can be developed in isolation

Active Safety TechnologyRequires performance standards

Future of Automotive Safety - AWBriefingawbriefing.com/presentations/140508_jim_hopton.pdf ·...

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