Future Directions in 3GPP2

Presenter:

Workshop on IMT-Advanced October 7, 2008

Seoul, Korea

Oct 2008 2

Contents

• 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2• 3GPP2 Future Directions• Preparatory work on IMT-Advanced

Oct 2008 3

3GPP2

The Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) is the Partnership Project for Global cdma2000® Specifications including:– cdma2000 air interface specificationscdma2000 air interface specifications

– MAP (Mobile Application Part) core network specificationsMAP (Mobile Application Part) core network specifications

– Wireless IP network specificationsWireless IP network specifications

– All IP multimedia domain specificationsAll IP multimedia domain specifications

– RAN specificationsRAN specifications

– Other ancillary specificationsOther ancillary specifications

cdma2000cdma2000®® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000®® is a registered trademark of the is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the United States.Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the United States.

Oct 2008 4

3GPP2 Organizational Partners (OPs)

ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan)CCSA China Communications Standard Association (China)TIA Telecommunications Industry Association (USA, Canada, Mexico)TTA Telecommunications Technology Association (Korea)TTC Telecommunication Technology Committee (Japan)

Oct 2008 5

Other 3GPP2 Partners

Market Representation Partners (MRPs)CDMA Development Group

IPv6 Forum

MobileIGNITE

femtoforum

ObserversETSI

ISACC

ITU

Individual Members: Approximately 80 companies

Oct 2008 6

Air Interface Technical Specifications

• cdma2000 Rel.0~Rel.D– Support both circuit voice and packet data service simultaneously– Up to 3 Mbps on FL /1.8 Mbps on RL

• HRPD Rev.0~Rev.B– Optimized for packet data service– Up to 4.9 Mbps x N on FL / 1.8 Mbps x N on RL (N<16)

• UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband)– New air interface (OFDM, Advanced Antenna, VoIP, etc.)– Up to 288 Mbps on FL / 75 Mbps on RL– Supported by a scalable IP based network architecture based

Converged Access Network

Oct 2008 7

3GPP2’s Future Directions

Oct 2008 8

3GPP2 Workshop: Future Direction

• A workshop was held in Osaka, May 2008, soliciting inputs on the future direction of 3GPP2

• Individual companies and TSG/MRP representatives participated in the workshop

• Objectives– Identify the future activities of 3GPP2; including

enhancing current systems– Discuss how 3GPP2 will address and work on IMT-

Advanced

Oct 2008 9

Operator’s view for next generation system (1)

• CDMA and OFDM are complementary technologies • OFDM-based solutions will be built-out over time as

demand grows and spectrum becomes available. 3G CDMA WAN networks will coexist with OFDM-based solutions until next generation broadband networks are fully capable of delivering: – Ubiquitous coverage – Carrier-grade VoIP – Low-complexity devices – Long device battery life– Infrastructure complexity commensurate with benefits– Global roaming

Oct 2008 10

Operator’s view for next generation system (2)

• Graceful evolutionary change is preferred over disruptive revolutionary change

• Migration to newer technologies takes longer and is never as simple as it may seem.

• Affordable multi-mode devices are essential to the roll-out of any new technology — to build an early critical mass of profitable subscribers

• Enormous economies of scale are essential for any operator to be competitive

• Critical mass can only be achieved with a common global standard and set of deployment parameters

• Compatibility and interoperability across multiple industries require efficient standard-setting bodies, network maturity, and business predictability

Oct 2008 11

Common Views

• cdma2000 and HRPD enhancements were indicated to be high priority

• Voice capacity increase for cdma2000• Multi-Antenna, VoIP enhancements, Location based service, Priority

services enhancements added on cdma2000 HRPD

• Many other areas mentioned with interest, for example: self organizing network, relays/mesh network, common IMS on one or more of the 3GPP2 air-interfaces

• Inter-working and femto cells also indicated to be high priorities– Inter-working with non-3GPP2 system is on-going in 3GPP2 and

targeted for completion by EOY 2008– Femto architecture definition underway in the core network

specifications group

Oct 2008 12

Ongoing work pertaining to IMT-Advanced

Oct 2008 13

Summary of 3GPP2’s Work for IMT-Advanced

• 3GPP2 created Next-generation Technology Ad-hoc (NTAH) to prepare for IMT-Advanced in July, 2007

• NTAH Activities– Component technology proposals provided by member companies

for next generation were discussed and evaluated – Also, contributions toward IMT-Advanced requirements and

evaluation methodology input document have been developed and provided to the ITU

• Steering Committee initiated workshop for IMT-Advanced and future work in 3GPP2

Oct 2008 14

Next Generation Technology Proposals in NTAH

• Advanced MIMO techniques– Network MIMO– Collision avoidance beamforming– OSTMA (Opportunistic spatial time multiple access)

• Self configurable BTS– Dynamic interference management

• Multi-hop networking– Cooperative transmit diversity and spatial multiplexing– Self configurable relay removing need for backhaul

• PAPR Reduction – Subcarrier remapping and group-based cyclic delay

• Modulation and coding– Enhanced layered modulation and precoded OFDM

Oct 2008 15

Possible paths to IMT-Advanced

• 3GPP2 has considered various paths to IMT-Advanced– Migration of existing technologies

• cdma2000, HRPD, or UMB

• Component IMT-Advanced technologies can be discussed separately and be developed on top of any framework technology

Oct 2008 16

Next Steps for IMT-Advanced

• Further discussion will be needed for – Achieving general consensus on which system to base

the IMT-Advanced system on• cdma2000 enhancement• HRPD enhancement• UMB enhancement• Other or new technology framework

• Steering Committee is in the process of deciding 3GPP2 role in developing standards targeted to IMT-Advanced

Oct 2008 17

Annex: Proposed next generation technologies

Oct 2008 18

Network MIMO

• Network MIMO concept – Co-channel interference mitigation through coordinated Tx/Rx at several

base stations– Beam-forming across base stations helps suppress interference (can

combine with DPC/SIC). • In theory, 2-4x gain in spectral efficiency appears possible

– Depending on SNR, extent of coordination, ratio of users to base station antennas, etc.

• Many practical issues to be dealt with before promised gains can be realized

UplinkDownlink

Oct 2008 19

Collision Avoidance Beamforming (CA-BF)

• Collision Avoidance Beamforming (CA-BF)

– beams of neighboring cells are carefully scheduled in coordination to minimize beam collision decreasing intercell interference

– Precoders for beamforming are selected based on the AT’s feedback that counts the links to neighboring cells as well as the link to serving cells

• Over 20% forward link system throughput enhancement with the cost of a few more bits of reverse link feedback overheads

• CA-BF effectively increases cell edge user throughput without costing system throughput unlike FFR

Master Scheduler

Wireline connection

Feedback information from AT Scheduled information

Oct 2008 20

Opportunistic Spatial Time Multiple Access (OSTMA)

• OSTMA is a flexible and efficient space-time division multiple access scheme – Improved user performance by

the flexible beam scheduling and power management

– A self-contained backhaul network is enabled via the additional antenna panel

• Comparing to the current beamforming systems– Unlike adaptive beamforming,

OSTMA requires no mobility tracking

– Unlike fixed beamforming, OSTMA improves the system performance via the advanced radio resource management

Outer Cell

Low power beam

High Power beam

Inner Cell

Cell radius Cell radius

lower panel beam

upper panel beam

Oct 2008 21

Cooperative Communications Through Relays

• Cooperative diversity transmission can increase the reliability of the reception

• Link throughput can be increased through cooperative spatial multiplexing

• Cooperative diversity transmission can be combined with cooperative spatial multiplexing in unified manner– Trade-off gains: diversity vs. spatial multiplexing– E.g. More diversity gain in the morning and more spatial

multiplexing in the evening

• Cooperative transmission between relay and mobile station can further increase the spectral efficiency

Oct 2008 22

Network Coding with Relays

• Instead of relay station (RS) sending packets to base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) separately, it broadcasts a network-coded (NC) packet to both BS & MS in NC frames

• Reduction in RS bandwidth consumption is up to 50%• BS uses its previously transmitted packet in forward link

(FL) frames, and the packet in NC frames to recover the reverse link (RL) packet from MS

• MS uses its or neighbor’s previously transmitted packet in RL frames, and the packet in NC frames to recover the FL packet from BS

• Cooperative relay with network coding– Cooperative relay gains with reduced RS bandwidth consumption

Oct 2008 23

Precoded OFDM for BCMCS

• Enhancements on existing BCMCS are proposed– Strictly Backward Compatible (SBC) Mode

• OFDM overlayed by Precoded OFDM (P-OFDM)– Base layer is OFDM-modulated as in existing BCMCS– Enhancement layer is P-OFDM-modulated, where the symbols are

precoded with a spreading matrix, such as Walsh-Hadamard matrix, before OFDM

– Loosely Backward Compatible (LBC) Mode• Layered modulation + P-OFDM

– Loosely Backward Compatible (LBC) Mode (Cont’d)• Quasi-Orthogonal OFDM

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