FUNGI

Ms.Tanyaratana Dumkua Biology Department, MahidolWittayanusorn School

http://z.about.com/d/forestry/1/0/K/3/smokey_fungi.jpg

What is the fungi?

Eukaryote Most related with animal No embryo No chlorophyll Heterotroph, decomposer Chitin/Cellulose Filament, spore

http://dazed.org/npa/npj/200206/fungi%20pic1.jpg

Kingdom Fungi : Mushroom

Mycology : Mykes = Mushroom

Logos = discourse

Pier Antonio Micheli >> (1679-1737)

<< Nova plantarum genera (1729)

http://www.webalice.it/mondellix/Storia_della_micologia.htm

http://www.vplants.org/feature/johndenk_250.jpg

Importance

http://www.replica.co.uk/images/specials/bread.jpg

http://www.cheeseboard.co.uk/cmfiles/133/cheese%20board.jpg

http://detox.ba.cnr.it/images/Fusarium%20su%20Mais.JPG

http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/images/2326.jpg

http://www.futura-sciences.com/uploads/tx_oxcsfutura/comprendre/d/images/vin25.jpg

Aspergillus flavus : aflatoxin >>

<< Fusarium moniliforme : fumonisins

http://www.agnet.org/images/library/pt2003012f1.jpg http://www.ent.iastate.edu/images/plantpath/corn/fusarium/1355.42fusariumearrot.jpg

http://www.treesforlife.org.uk/images/Amanita_muscaria.jpg

Amanita muscaria

http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/magic_mushrooms_aunz/images/psilocybe_cubensis14_sm.jpg

Psilocybe cubensis

Hallucinogenic mushroom

Mycena sp.

http://www.bioresurs.uu.se/myller/skog/skog_bild/mycena_lux-coeli.jpg

http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=39784&rendTypeId=4

EU : Truffle : 3,400 Baht /1 Lb

Most expensive mushroom

http://www.oakleaf-european.co.uk/gallery/640/TruffleWhite640.jpg

http://www.offbeattravel.com/truffle-2.jpg http://www.truffleconsulting.com/oakmyco.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Matsutake.jpg

Japan : Matsutake : 6,000 Baht/ piece

http://static.flickr.com/119/280225099_326ee54973.jpg

Mycorrhizae

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/NR/rdonlyres/9F52B085-0961-430F-9D2D-D36239916D52/24897/mycorrhiza012706.jpg

Ectomycorrhizae : fir Endomycorrhizae : orchid

http://cals.arizona.edu/yavapai/graphics/mycorrgraphic.gif

Read more : http://biology.ipst.ac.th/?p=903

http://www.uni-kl.de/FB-Biologie/AG-Hahn/Research/Rost-Entwicklg.jpg http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/images/glossary/haustorium.gif

Haustorium

http://www.saber.ula.ve/micosis/contenido/capitulo15/figuras/15-0010.jpg http://www.mc.uky.edu/oaa/curriculum/iid98/manual/5-12.JPG

Rhizoid

http://www.geocities.com/kingdom_of_fungi/image/picture/th02.jpg

Benefit from Hypha

http://www.microbelibrary.org/microbelibrary/files/ccImages/Articleimages/NordbringHertz/images/SEQUENCE5-an.jpg

Fungi vs Nematode

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

http://www.storycave.com/uploads/2007/04/cordyceps-unilateralis.JPG

Fungi vs Insect

http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/wrightm/banana-aphid_path_web.jpg

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Fungus Garden

http://www.tolweb.org/tree/ToLimages/termitomyces_aanen2.200a.jpg

Termitomyces sp.

http://www.gen.wur.nl/NR/rdonlyres/4719B48A-B47A-4C1D-88DF-419DF1C41679/22782/STFig192.jpg

Lichens

http://www.nccpg.com/Images/MH11.gif http://www.ndps.co.uk/images/use%20these/Exhibition%202006/crustose%20lichen.jpg http://www.botany.wisc.edu/Wislichens/EVEMES_MTT1.jpg http://pathfinderscience.net/so2/art/foliose.jpg

http://jimswan.com/111/niches/detritus_chain.gif http://www.econguru.com/fundamentals_of_ecology/image/detritusfoodweb.gif

Role in Ecosystem

Fungus Structure

http://www.rogers.k12.ar.us/users/ehutches/hypha1.gif

Filament -Septate -Non septate

www.sparknotes.com/biology/microorganisms/fungi/section2.rhtml

Thallus Characteristic

Single cell/Yeast Mold

Mushroom

Cell -> Hypha -> Mycelium/ Fruiting body

Cell -> Pseudomycelium

http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/v4/n3/images/nrmicro1345-i1.jpg

Thallus Characteristic

http://www.biology.lsu.edu/heydrjay/1002/Chapter24/lifecycles/lifecycle.html

Growth & Reproduction

Glycogen

•Plasmogamy •Karyogamy (Dikaryon) •Haploidization

http://slideplayer.com/slide/8356122/26/images/71/Distinguishing+Features+of+Morphology+and+Life+Cycles.jpg

Fungal spore

http://xoomer.alice.it/gmg/Microonline/Micologia%20generale/micologia.htm

http://www.forestpathology.org/fungi.html

Ascospore

Sexual Spore

http://xoomer.alice.it/gmg/Microonline/Micologia%20generale/riprsessuata45.gif

Ascospore

Zygospore

Basidiospore

Asexual Spore

http://www.apsnet.org/education/IllustratedGlossary/PhotosS-V/sporangiospore.jpgSpores.gif

Sporangiospore Conidiospore

http://www.apsnet.org/Education/IllustratedGlossary/PhotosA-D/conidium.jpg

Fungal Classification

https://www.quizover.com/ocw/mirror/col11569_1.25_complete/m47343/fungi_phylogeny.jpg http://desertbruchid.net/Scanned_Essentials_2012/Fig_01_04_EvolutionaryTree_Ess_35.jpg

Phylogenetic tree of life

Chytrids (zoospore)

http://www.clarku.edu/faculty/dhibbett/TFTOL/images/fungi/chytrid_csa.jpg http://www.educa.aragob.es/iescarin/depart/biogeo/varios/BiologiaCurtis/Seccion%205/5%20-%20Capitulo%2029.htm http://bio1903.nicerweb.com/doc/class/bio1903/Locked/media/ch31/31_10Chytrids.jpg

Chytrids (zoospore)

http://slideplayer.com/slide/7287238/24/images/53/Figure+22.13+Sexual+Life+Cycles+of+Chytrids+and+Zygospore+Fungi+(Part+1).jpg

Zygomycetes (Conjugation Fungi)

http://www.biology.lsu.edu/heydrjay/1002/Chapter24/lifecycles/lifecycle.html http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/Bot201/Zygomycota/zygo_spo.jpg http://www.foodnetworksolution.com/uploaded/sporangiospore.jpg

http://slideplayer.com/slide/7287238/24/images/57/Figure+22.13+Sexual+Life+Cycles+of+Chytrids+and+Zygospore+Fungi+(Part+2).jpg

Zygomycetes (Conjugation Fungi)

Glomeromycetes (Arbuscular mycorrhizae)

http://slideplayer.com/slide/4014790/13/images/9/Phylum+Glomeromycota+Arbuscular+endomycorrhizae+200+species+so+far.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/06_04_c_19a_arbuscular_mycorrhiza%2C_Glomeromycota_%28M._Piepenbring%29.png https://biology-forums.com/gallery/33_17_07_11_10_42_12.jpeg http://bgiv.com.ar/media/img/strains/DSCN0330b.jpg

Ascomycetes (Sac fungi)

http://www.biology.lsu.edu/heydrjay/1002/Chapter24/lifecycles/lifecycle.html http://www.saber.ula.ve/micosis/contenido/capitulo20/capitulo20F/figuras/20F-0003.jpg

Basidiomycetes (Club fungi)

http://www.biology.lsu.edu/heydrjay/1002/Chapter24/lifecycles/lifecycle.html http://tippinthescales.files.wordpress.com/2007/04/mushroom-plate1.jpg http://www.topturf.net/fairyring-l.jpg

http://www.infovisual.info/01/img_en/024%20Mushroom.jpg