Fundamentals Terminologies

7/28/2019 Fundamentals Terminologies

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SUPPLEMENTAL BULLETSSUPPLEMENTAL BULLETSFUNDAMENTALSFUNDAMENTALS

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGYMEDICAL TERMINOLOGYEcchymosis form of macula that appears as large,Ecchymosis form of macula that appears as large,

irregularly shaped hemorrhagic area of skinirregularly shaped hemorrhagic area of skin

Bruise superficial injury in which the skin is discolored butBruise superficial injury in which the skin is discolored but

not brokennot broken

Petechia small purplish, hemorrhagic spot on the skin.Petechia small purplish, hemorrhagic spot on the skin.

Hematoma - is a localized collection of blood caused by aHematoma - is a localized collection of blood caused by a

break in the blood vessel in an organ tissue or spacebreak in the blood vessel in an organ tissue or space

Paresis-weakness, plegia paralysisParesis-weakness, plegia paralysis Tremors rhytmic, purposeless bodyTremors rhytmic, purposeless body

movements.movements.

Spasms are involuntary, sudden movements.Spasms are involuntary, sudden movements.

Reflexes are involuntary actions in response to aReflexes are involuntary actions in response to astimulus.stimulus.

Tics are spasmodic contractions of face neck orTics are spasmodic contractions of face neck or

shoulder muscles that may be habitual or conditionalshoulder muscles that may be habitual or conditional

reflexesreflexes

Ataxia lack of coordination in performed planned,Ataxia lack of coordination in performed planned,

purposeful movement, typically resulting from a neurologicalpurposeful movement, typically resulting from a neurologicaldeficit.deficit.

Apraxia inability to perform purposeful movementmApraxia inability to perform purposeful movementm

even though no neuromuscular deficit exists.even though no neuromuscular deficit exists.

Fasciculations fine twitching movementsFasciculations fine twitching movements

Amnesia loss of memoryAmnesia loss of memory

Agnosia lack of sensory integrationAgnosia lack of sensory integration

Aphasia loss or inability to communicatethroughAphasia loss or inability to communicatethrough

speech , written language or signs resulting from brainspeech , written language or signs resulting from brain

disease or traumadisease or trauma

Anomia lack of memory of itemsAnomia lack of memory of items

Akinesia loss of the ability to move voluntarilyAkinesia loss of the ability to move voluntarilyAlvin


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Allens test a test designed to evaluate a clientsAllens test a test designed to evaluate a clients

collateral circulation in the arm before an invasiev arterialcollateral circulation in the arm before an invasiev arterial

procedure such as ABG.the radial and ulnar arteries isprocedure such as ABG.the radial and ulnar arteries is

occluded while client clenches his fist causing the hand tooccluded while client clenches his fist causing the hand toblanch.when he unclenches his fist, the ulnar artery isblanch.when he unclenches his fist, the ulnar artery is

released.the hand should become pink, indicating a patentreleased.the hand should become pink, indicating a patent

ulnar arteryulnar artery

Battles sign discoloration of the skin behind the earBattles sign discoloration of the skin behind the ear

following a fracture of the bone in the lower skullfollowing a fracture of the bone in the lower skull

Chvosteks sign spasm of the facial muscles elicitedChvosteks sign spasm of the facial muscles elicitedby light taps on the facial nerve. Signals tetany inby light taps on the facial nerve. Signals tetany in

hypocalcemiahypocalcemia

Compartment syndrome a neurovascular complicationCompartment syndrome a neurovascular complicationcommonly associated with fractures of the the limb;commonly associated with fractures of the the limb;

constrictive or occlusiove dressings, sutures or casts; poorconstrictive or occlusiove dressings, sutures or casts; poor

positioning and any injury causing ischemia, swelling orpositioning and any injury causing ischemia, swelling or

bleeding into the tissues that ultimately can lead tobleeding into the tissues that ultimately can lead to

permanent dysfunction and deformitypermanent dysfunction and deformity

Kegels exercises exercises involving alternateKegels exercises exercises involving alternatecontraction and relaxation performed to strengthencontraction and relaxation performed to strengthen

thenperineal musclesthenperineal muscles

Kernigs sign- elicitation of resistance and hamstringKernigs sign- elicitation of resistance and hamstring

muscle pain when the examiner attempt to extend the kneemuscle pain when the examiner attempt to extend the knee

while the hip and knee are both flexed 90 degreeswhile the hip and knee are both flexed 90 degrees

Brudzinskis sign passive flexion of the hips andBrudzinskis sign passive flexion of the hips and

knees in response to flexion of the neck, signals meningealknees in response to flexion of the neck, signals meningealirritationirritation

Kussmauls respiration abnormal deep , gasping typeKussmauls respiration abnormal deep , gasping type

of respirations resulting from air hunger associated withof respirations resulting from air hunger associated with

severe diabetic acidosis and comasevere diabetic acidosis and coma

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Trousseaus sign an assessment technique forTrousseaus sign an assessment technique for

evaluating neuromuscular irritability associated withevaluating neuromuscular irritability associated with

hypocalcemia. Positive carpopedal spasms(adducted thumb,hypocalcemia. Positive carpopedal spasms(adducted thumb,

flexed wrist , metacapophalangeal joint and extendedflexed wrist , metacapophalangeal joint and extended

interphalangeal joints after a bp cuff is applied and infaltedinterphalangeal joints after a bp cuff is applied and infaltedto a pressure above systolic for 1-4 minutesto a pressure above systolic for 1-4 minutes

Lubb closure of Atrioventricular valvesLubb closure of Atrioventricular valves

Dubb closure of semilunar valvesDubb closure of semilunar valves

Eryth red , cya blue , pal/leuk white , ashen gray,Eryth red , cya blue , pal/leuk white , ashen gray,mela blackmela black

Pulse deficit PR , pulse pressure BPPulse deficit PR , pulse pressure BP

Hyper capnia elevation of PaCO2 in arterial bloodHyper capnia elevation of PaCO2 in arterial blood

Hypoxemia reduced level of oxygen in arterial blood (Hypoxemia reduced level of oxygen in arterial blood (less than 80 nnHg)less than 80 nnHg)

Remittent fever body temperature varies over 24Remittent fever body temperature varies over 24

hours but remains elevatedhours but remains elevated

Relapsing fever-short febrile periods alternating withRelapsing fever-short febrile periods alternating with

periods of normalk body temp.periods of normalk body temp.

Anasarca generalized edemaAnasarca generalized edema

It is inflammation , thrombo clot , dynia It is inflammation , thrombo clot , dynia pain , ab , away frompain , ab , away from

Penia deficiencyPenia deficiency

Rhexis ruptureRhexis rupture

Narco stuporNarco stupor

Plasty repair / formationPlasty repair / formation

Nursing ProcessNursing Process Nursing processp provides continuity of care and patientNursing processp provides continuity of care and patient

participation in health careparticipation in health care

Care plans should never be unchangeable and revised prnCare plans should never be unchangeable and revised prn

NANDA responsible for formulating taxonomies orNANDA responsible for formulating taxonomies or

classificationsclassifications

Nursing order should include the date, the specific nursingNursing order should include the date, the specific nursing

action, time / length of time and signatureaction, time / length of time and signature

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Provide safety from falls keep bed in lowest level and lockingProvide safety from falls keep bed in lowest level and locking

wheelswheels

The point at which the brachial pulse can no longer be palpatedThe point at which the brachial pulse can no longer be palpated

provides an estimate of the maximum pressure required to measureprovides an estimate of the maximum pressure required to measure

systolic blood pressure.systolic blood pressure.

Last Korotkoff sound heard on auscultation with a stethoscope isLast Korotkoff sound heard on auscultation with a stethoscope isthe diastolic pressurethe diastolic pressure

The primary reason for bedrest is to decrease metabolicThe primary reason for bedrest is to decrease metabolicactivity, which reduces the cells need for oxygen.secondaryactivity, which reduces the cells need for oxygen.secondary

is to conserve energy and decrease cardiac outputis to conserve energy and decrease cardiac output

The normal APTT is 16 25 seconds and PT is 12 15The normal APTT is 16 25 seconds and PT is 12 15

seconds, these levels must remain within two to two theseconds, these levels must remain within two to two the

normal levelsnormal levels

Negligence failure to act as an ordinary prudentNegligence failure to act as an ordinary prudent

person would.person would.

Malpractice professional misconduct, improperMalpractice professional misconduct, improper

discharge of professional duties or failure to meet standardsdischarge of professional duties or failure to meet standards

of careof care

Three elements necessary to establish nursingThree elements necessary to establish nursing

malpractice nursing error , injury and proximalmalpractice nursing error , injury and proximal

causecause A DNR order means that basic and advanced lifeA DNR order means that basic and advanced lifesupport measures wont be initiated if respiratory orsupport measures wont be initiated if respiratory or

cardiac arrest occurs. It does not mean that ordinarycardiac arrest occurs. It does not mean that ordinarytreatment measures or nursing care is stoppedtreatment measures or nursing care is stopped

Communication SkillsCommunication Skills

Nursing theory one that generates knowledge inNursing theory one that generates knowledge in

nursingnursing

Conceptual model group of general ideas that servesConceptual model group of general ideas that serves

as framework upon which nursing theories can be developedas framework upon which nursing theories can be developedand tested.and tested.

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In 1960, Nursing schools adopted theories from theIn 1960, Nursing schools adopted theories from the

biological and psychosocial sciences to serve as conceptualbiological and psychosocial sciences to serve as conceptual

frameworksframeworks

Four concepts person, environment health andFour concepts person, environment health and

nursing(actions)nursing(actions)

Martha Rogers life process model evolvingMartha Rogers life process model evolving

creature interacting with the environment in ancreature interacting with the environment in an

open, adaptive manner-achieve maximum health inopen, adaptive manner-achieve maximum health in

his environmenthis environment

Dorothea Orem persons need to achieve selfDorothea Orem persons need to achieve self

care. Goal of nursing is to help patient develop self-care. Goal of nursing is to help patient develop self-care activities to maintain maximum wellnesscare activities to maintain maximum wellness

High level wellness - OLOFHigh level wellness - OLOF

Maslow a need as a satisfaction whose absence canMaslow a need as a satisfaction whose absence can

cause illnesscause illness

Safest way to identify patient is checking identificationSafest way to identify patient is checking identification

band on his wristband on his wrist

Diagnosis and Tx of human responses to actual orDiagnosis and Tx of human responses to actual orpotential health problemspotential health problems

Profession requires specialized knowledge with longProfession requires specialized knowledge with long

and intensive academic preparationand intensive academic preparation

Student nurses do not provide services, they are solelyStudent nurses do not provide services, they are solely

on the unit to learnon the unit to learn

Patient safety is a major concern in all situationsPatient safety is a major concern in all situations

The goal of listening- identify problems and needs andThe goal of listening- identify problems and needs and

a supportive act.a supportive act.

Delegating responsibility shows respect for the staffDelegating responsibility shows respect for the staff

members abilities to solve problems on their ownmembers abilities to solve problems on their own

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The nurse managers function is to guide , direct andThe nurse managers function is to guide , direct and

coordinate patient care, not to provide it.coordinate patient care, not to provide it.

Primary nursing comprehensive form of nursing inPrimary nursing comprehensive form of nursing in

which one nurse is responsible for comprehensive care of awhich one nurse is responsible for comprehensive care of a

given patientgiven patient Evaluation of staff members must be based onEvaluation of staff members must be based on

performance criteria as established by professionalperformance criteria as established by professional

standards and the job description.standards and the job description.

Poor performance stems from poor moralePoor performance stems from poor morale

CommunicatingCommunicating Trust is the foundation of positive nurse patientTrust is the foundation of positive nurse patient

relationshiprelationship

Therapeutic communication two way ,Therapeutic communication two way ,deliberative interaction between the patient anddeliberative interaction between the patient and

nurse in which they establish mutually acceptable,nurse in which they establish mutually acceptable,

achievable goals ---fundamental component at allachievable goals ---fundamental component at all

phases of the nursing processphases of the nursing process

Problem orientedmedical record- information isProblem orientedmedical record- information is

recorded as prob.,observations and planrecorded as prob.,observations and plan

Narrative chart decriptive storylike recordNarrative chart decriptive storylike record A positive change in the patients behavior is the bestA positive change in the patients behavior is the best

way to identify learningway to identify learning

Teacher should always try to involve the learnerTeacher should always try to involve the learner

Asking questions shows that the patient is interested inAsking questions shows that the patient is interested inlearninglearning

Maintaining independence, a need common to patientsMaintaining independence, a need common to patients

of all age-groups, fosters the elderly persons feelings of selfof all age-groups, fosters the elderly persons feelings of selfworthworth

NURSING ASSESSMENTNURSING ASSESSMENT Too much Yin causes digestive disorders and nervousness andToo much Yin causes digestive disorders and nervousness and

too much yang causes dehydration , fever and irritability.too much yang causes dehydration , fever and irritability.

Correct sequence in abdl. Assessment is RLQ, RUQ, LUQ and LLQCorrect sequence in abdl. Assessment is RLQ, RUQ, LUQ and LLQ

Guaiac hemoccult testGuaiac hemoccult test

Rectal examination sims , genupectoral and dorsal recumbentRectal examination sims , genupectoral and dorsal recumbent

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Romberg test test for sensory or cerebellar ataxiaRomberg test test for sensory or cerebellar ataxia

Narrowed pulse pressure less than 30 hypovolemiaNarrowed pulse pressure less than 30 hypovolemia

Oral temp.-36.1- 37.8C (axillary 1deg.lower) (rectal -1higher)Oral temp.-36.1- 37.8C (axillary 1deg.lower) (rectal -1higher)

BP cuff small false high readingsBP cuff small false high readings

Rectal temp 3 to 5 mins. And axillary 10 mins.Rectal temp 3 to 5 mins. And axillary 10 mins.

Rinne hearing tests compare sound conductionRinne hearing tests compare sound conduction

through air and bone.air conduction greater thanthrough air and bone.air conduction greater than

bone conduction normal hearing or sensorineuralbone conduction normal hearing or sensorineural

hearing loss. Vice versa conductive hearing losshearing loss. Vice versa conductive hearing loss

Webers determine if patient hears better inWebers determine if patient hears better in

one ear or to differentiate sensorineural hearing lossone ear or to differentiate sensorineural hearing loss

from conductive hearing lossfrom conductive hearing loss

Level of consciousness is the most important elementLevel of consciousness is the most important element

in assessing the patients mental statusin assessing the patients mental status

Letargic patient sleeps on and off but will respond toLetargic patient sleeps on and off but will respond to

verbal or tactile stimuli. Stupor needs constant stimulationverbal or tactile stimuli. Stupor needs constant stimulation

Brain highly sensitive to inadequate oxygenationBrain highly sensitive to inadequate oxygenation

( mental changes hypoxia first sign)( mental changes hypoxia first sign) Bodys response to elevated temperature tachycardiaBodys response to elevated temperature tachycardia

and peripheral vasodilation(inc. metabolism) - hypotensionand peripheral vasodilation(inc. metabolism) - hypotension

Crisis turning point in the course of a disease usuallyCrisis turning point in the course of a disease usually

indicated by a rapid decrease in temperatureindicated by a rapid decrease in temperature

Lysis gradual improvement in conditionLysis gradual improvement in condition

MOBILITYMOBILITY INCREASED ADRENALIN PRODUCTIONIN IMMOBILE PATIENTS INCREASED ADRENALIN PRODUCTIONIN IMMOBILE PATIENTS

DECREASED PERISTALSISDECREASED PERISTALSIS Anorexia depleted protein storesAnorexia depleted protein stores

Anatomic alignment prevents ctrain on body parts, amintainsAnatomic alignment prevents ctrain on body parts, amintains

balance and promotes physiologic functioningbalance and promotes physiologic functioning

Drawsheet is the best device to use when moving a patient up inDrawsheet is the best device to use when moving a patient up in

bedbed

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Virchows triad, collectively predispose a ptient toVirchows triad, collectively predispose a ptient to

thrombophlebitis , impaired venous return to the heart , bloodthrombophlebitis , impaired venous return to the heart , blood

hypercoagubility and injury to to blood vessel wall.hypercoagubility and injury to to blood vessel wall.

Valsalva maneuver forced expiratory effortValsalva maneuver forced expiratory effortagainst a closed glottisagainst a closed glottis

Oxygen improves respiratory function only if heOxygen improves respiratory function only if he

has symptoms of hypoxiahas symptoms of hypoxia

Cold skin and impalpable pulse in the leg referCold skin and impalpable pulse in the leg refer

asap (embolus)asap (embolus)

Pulse rate most reliable indicator of activityPulse rate most reliable indicator of activity

tolerancetolerance

Complication of immobility foot dropComplication of immobility foot drop

HUMAN NEEDSHUMAN NEEDS BODY IMAGE PERCEPTION OF HIS APPEARANCE ,BODY IMAGE PERCEPTION OF HIS APPEARANCE ,

FUNCTION IN COMPARISON TO OTHERSFUNCTION IN COMPARISON TO OTHERS

PERCEPTIONS TO BODY IMAGE BEGIN AT A YOUNGPERCEPTIONS TO BODY IMAGE BEGIN AT A YOUNG

AGE AND CONTINUE TO EVOLVE THROUGHOUT LIFE.AGE AND CONTINUE TO EVOLVE THROUGHOUT LIFE.

SELF CONCEPT PERCEPTIONS OF ONES BODYSELF CONCEPT PERCEPTIONS OF ONES BODY

IMAGE, SELF-ESTEEM AND PERSONAL IDENTITYIMAGE, SELF-ESTEEM AND PERSONAL IDENTITY

STRESSOR-ANY FACTOR THAT CAUSES PHYSICAL ORSTRESSOR-ANY FACTOR THAT CAUSES PHYSICAL ORMENTAL WEAR AND TEAR ON THE BODY THAT ALTERSMENTAL WEAR AND TEAR ON THE BODY THAT ALTERS

EQUILIBRIUMEQUILIBRIUM

WEIGHING FOR M.I.O. 1 g = 1 mlWEIGHING FOR M.I.O. 1 g = 1 ml

Average urine output 1,500 2,00 ml.Average urine output 1,500 2,00 ml.

Caffeine diuretic effectCaffeine diuretic effect

Urine pH 6.0Urine pH 6.0

Activity and elimination one of mans physiologicActivity and elimination one of mans physiologic

need(rest , sleep , food , clothing , shelter and air , waterneed(rest , sleep , food , clothing , shelter and air , water

and temp. maintenance)and temp. maintenance)

TPN CONSIDERATION:GENERAL COND;-TPN CONSIDERATION:GENERAL COND;- LOSS OF 7%LOSS OF 7%

OF USUAL BODY WEIGHT OVER 2 MONTHS, LACK OF ORALOF USUAL BODY WEIGHT OVER 2 MONTHS, LACK OF ORAL

NUTRITION FOR 5 DAYS, PRE-OP. PREPARATION OFNUTRITION FOR 5 DAYS, PRE-OP. PREPARATION OF

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SEVERELY MALNOURISHED PATIENTS, Ca in the GIT andSEVERELY MALNOURISHED PATIENTS, Ca in the GIT and

IBDIBD

Soft diet no fried foods , organ or red meats, wholeSoft diet no fried foods , organ or red meats, whole

grain breads and seasoninggrain breads and seasoning Bland no gastric irritants and seasonings, fruit juiceBland no gastric irritants and seasonings, fruit juice

OKOK

Venturi mask precise o2 concentration.Venturi mask precise o2 concentration.

Humidification of o2 distilled H2OHumidification of o2 distilled H2O

Vomiting of fluids for 3 days loss of fluidsVomiting of fluids for 3 days loss of fluids

Lungs and kidneys - bodys homeostatic regulatorsLungs and kidneys - bodys homeostatic regulators

Hypertonic solution enema-120 ml left in place for 7 Hypertonic solution enema-120 ml left in place for 7

10 minutes10 minutes

Cleansing enema 1000 ml.Cleansing enema 1000 ml.

Comfort and safety measuresComfort and safety measures Lotions containing lanolin preferred for backrubLotions containing lanolin preferred for backrub

Sleep deprivation causes behavior and personality changes.Sleep deprivation causes behavior and personality changes.

Adequate sleep maintains coordination and perception and decreasesAdequate sleep maintains coordination and perception and decreases

restlessnessrestlessness

REM deep sleep, depressed muscle tone and possibly irregularREM deep sleep, depressed muscle tone and possibly irregular

heart and respiratory ratesheart and respiratory rates

Non-REM sleep is a deep restful sleep without dreamingNon-REM sleep is a deep restful sleep without dreaming Delta stage or slow wave sleep non REM satge III and IV Delta stage or slow wave sleep non REM satge III and IV

quiet sleepquiet sleep

Napping in the afternoon not conducive to nightime sleepingNapping in the afternoon not conducive to nightime sleeping

Pain is whatever the patient says it is , exists whenever she saysPain is whatever the patient says it is , exists whenever she says

it doesit does

Preventing pain is always easier than releiving itPreventing pain is always easier than releiving it

Bedrail only a reminder not to leave bedBedrail only a reminder not to leave bed

SPECIAL NEEDSSPECIAL NEEDS AGING DECREASED ELASTICITY OF BLOOD VESSELS,AGING DECREASED ELASTICITY OF BLOOD VESSELS,

INCREASED PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE AND DECREASED BLOOD FLOWINCREASED PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE AND DECREASED BLOOD FLOW

HIP FRACTURE FROM OSTEOPOROSISHIP FRACTURE FROM OSTEOPOROSIS

ALZHEIMERS LOSS OF SHORT TERM MEMORYALZHEIMERS LOSS OF SHORT TERM MEMORY

SENSORY DEPRIVATION- INVOLUNTARY LOSS OF PHYSICALSENSORY DEPRIVATION- INVOLUNTARY LOSS OF PHYSICAL

AWARENESS CAUSED BY DETACHMENT FROM EXTERNAL SENSORYAWARENESS CAUSED BY DETACHMENT FROM EXTERNAL SENSORY

STIMULI ISOLATIONSTIMULI ISOLATION

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SPEAK DIRECTLY IN FRONT AND ENUNCIATE WELL- HEARINGSPEAK DIRECTLY IN FRONT AND ENUNCIATE WELL- HEARING

IMPAIREDIMPAIRED

DEVOID OF FEELINGS ACCEPTANCE IN THE GRIEVINGDEVOID OF FEELINGS ACCEPTANCE IN THE GRIEVING

PROCESS NURSE CAN HELP ENSURE A PEACEFUL DEATH BYPROCESS NURSE CAN HELP ENSURE A PEACEFUL DEATH BY

PROVIDING DIGNIFIED SUPPORTPROVIDING DIGNIFIED SUPPORT

HIGH PROTEIN DIET ACIIDC URINE , VEGETARIAN DIET HIGH PROTEIN DIET ACIIDC URINE , VEGETARIAN DIET ALKALINE URINEALKALINE URINE

MAINTAINING ASEPSISMAINTAINING ASEPSIS ORGANISMS MODE OF TRANSMISSION DETERMINES ISOLATIONORGANISMS MODE OF TRANSMISSION DETERMINES ISOLATION

PRECAUTIONSPRECAUTIONS

BARRIER USED TO BRAEK THE CAHIN OF INFECTION BETWEEN MODE OFBARRIER USED TO BRAEK THE CAHIN OF INFECTION BETWEEN MODE OF

TRANSMISSION AND SUSCEPTIBLE HOSTTRANSMISSION AND SUSCEPTIBLE HOST

STERILE ITEMS CAN BE ONLY STORED FOR 1 -2 MONTHSSTERILE ITEMS CAN BE ONLY STORED FOR 1 -2 MONTHS

HANDWASHING NOT LESS THAN 30 SECONDSHANDWASHING NOT LESS THAN 30 SECONDS

AUTOCLAVE KILLS ALL MICORBES INCLUDING SPORES PENETRATE THICKAUTOCLAVE KILLS ALL MICORBES INCLUDING SPORES PENETRATE THICK

LINENLINEN

PATIENT IN ISOLATION NEED SENSORY STIMULATIONPATIENT IN ISOLATION NEED SENSORY STIMULATION

SOAPS AND DETRGENTS REMOVE BACTERIA LOWER SURFACE TENSIONSOAPS AND DETRGENTS REMOVE BACTERIA LOWER SURFACE TENSION

OF WATER AND ACT AS EMULSIFYING AGENTSOF WATER AND ACT AS EMULSIFYING AGENTS

ANTISEPTIC INHIBIT GROWTHANTISEPTIC INHIBIT GROWTH

BACTERICIDES AND DISINFECTANTS DETSROY PATHOGENSBACTERICIDES AND DISINFECTANTS DETSROY PATHOGENS

EXUDATE CLEAR PROTEIN RICH FLUIDEXUDATE CLEAR PROTEIN RICH FLUID

GOOD NUTRITION CRUCIAL IN THE HEALING OF PRESSURE ULCERSGOOD NUTRITION CRUCIAL IN THE HEALING OF PRESSURE ULCERS

THERAPIES AND TREATMENTSTHERAPIES AND TREATMENTS PHLEBITIS WARMTH AND BURNING SENSATIONPHLEBITIS WARMTH AND BURNING SENSATION Z TRACK PREVENT SKIN STAINING And IRRITATIONZ TRACK PREVENT SKIN STAINING And IRRITATION

Mid deltoid can accommodate only 1 ml. of medicationMid deltoid can accommodate only 1 ml. of medication

Insulin injection- validate dose accuracyInsulin injection- validate dose accuracy

Insulin injection G25 , 5/8 needleInsulin injection G25 , 5/8 needle

G20 IM oil basedG20 IM oil based

22G 1 IM meds.22G 1 IM meds.

G26 intradermalG26 intradermal

Length of tubing should make no influence in how the infusionLength of tubing should make no influence in how the infusion

flowsflows

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Fundamentals Terminologies

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