Functional Training for Development Functional Anatomy€¦ · Tensegrity The Functional Goal 12....

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GFunctional Training for Development

Functional AnatomyK

urt

Titte

l: M

uscle

Slin

gs in

Sport

C. Veeramani

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Movement Sequential Structure & Principles of Mechanics

Preparation

Phase

Main

Phase

Final

Phase

principle of initial strength

principle of the optimal acceleration path

principle of impulse-causing momentum (coordination of individual impulses /

linked impulses)

principle of the stretch-shorten cycle(action-

reaction)principle of conservation of

momentum

principle of go and stop(accelerating to blocking)

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Functional Anatomy Definition(Flinn & DeMott,2014)

• Study of anatomy in its relation to function

• Assess muscle adaptations

• The natural tone and potential force of a specific muscle.

• Understand how synergistic muscles and peripheral nerves areperforming.

• A large kinetic chain of muscles contracting and relaxing to flex, extendand rotate joints.

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Flinn, S. R., & DeMott, L. (2014). Functional anatomy. Fundamentals of Hand Therapy-E-Book: Clinical Reasoning and Treatment Guidelines for Common Diagnoses of the Upper Extremity, 15.

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The Anatomy of Stability

Anterior view Posterior view

Central Control Zone: The Trunk

Lower Control Zone: The Pelvis

Upper Control Zone: The Shoulder Girdle

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Movement symmetry

Functional mobility

Neuromuscular control

Optimal functional

motor pattern

Balance

Posture

Pillar of Functional Stability

Stability, Sport, and Performance Movement : J.Elphinston .

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Optimal Performance vs High Level Compensation

Ability to compensate > physical/functional loading Trainable system is intact

Physical/functional loading > Ability to compensate Trainable system is impaired(injury/plateau)

“ The human being has a particularly deep attachment to his movement habits since he created them himself” (R.Alon,1996)

In coaching language : movement dysfunction = poor techniques

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What causes Movement Dysfunction?

Primary loss of

stability

Poor postural awareness

Timing

Poor balance

Poor understandingof the movement

required

Poor coordination movement patterning

Poor training designFunctional Rigidity

Insufficient control of momentum

Loss of range of motion

Stress

Structural instability

Functional instability

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The Functional Anatomy

The Anterior ChainThe Posterior Chain

•Global mobilisers

•Movement

•Global stabilisers

• Force production/control through motion

• Local stabilisers

• Joint control (foundations)

Image source-Stability, Sport, and Performance Movement : J.Elphinston .

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Five Kinetic Chain Checkpoints:• Head – Neutral centre of ear in the line of centre of shoulder• Shoulders – Neutral centre of the shoulder in line with centre of hip joint• Hips – Neutral spine with abdominals draw-in• Knees – Straight ahead in line with 2nd and 3rd toes• Feet – Straight ahead with neutral position at the ankle

Influence factors to Functional Kinetic Chain8

Image source - https://acewebcontent.azureedge.net/December2016/MobilityStability.jpg

Anterior view Posterior view

Superior

Inferior

Medial Lateral

Proximal

Distal

Distal

Proximal

Deep

Superficial

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Tonic and Phasic Muscles Characteristics

Image source- https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0761/9521/files/Untitled_2_722b3bc7-b03f-4e67-a2e2-26acf1572f4f_grande.jpg?4357969196566365182

Predominantly Tonic Muscles(Postural)

Predominantly Phasic Muscles

Prone to Hyperactivity Prone to inhibition

Function

Posture/Supportive Movement/Active

Susceptibility to Fatigue

Late(red) Early(white)

Dysfunction(Reaction to faulty loading)

Shorten Weaken

Treatment

Stretch/relax Facilitate/strengthen

Shoulder Girdle - Arm

Pectoralis MajorLevator ScapulasTrapezius(upper)

Biceps BrachiiScalenes

SubscapluarisStemocleidomastoids

MasticatoryForearm Flexors

RhomboidsTrapezius(middle)Trapezius(lower)Trcieps Brachii

Deep Neck FlexorsForearm Extensors

SupraspinatusInfraspinatus

Serratus LateralisDeltoid

Trunk

Lumbar and Cervical Erectors

Quadratus Lumborum

Thoracic ErectorsRectus Abdominis

Pelvis - Thigh

HamstringsIliopsoas

Rectus FemorisThigh Adductors

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Vastus LateralisVastus MedialisGluteal Muscles

Lower Leg - Foot

GastrocnemiusSoleus

Anterior TibialisPeroneals

Extensors of the toes

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Image source - https://thehealthyexec.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/upper-and-lower-crossed-syndrome1.png

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The Muscle Function Test

Predominantly Tonic Muscles(Postural)

Predominantly Phasic Muscles

Prone to Hyperactivity Prone to inhibition

Function

Posture/Supportive Movement/Active

Susceptibility to Fatigue

Late(red) Early(white)

Dysfunction(Reaction to faulty loading)

Shorten Weaken

Treatment

Stretch/relax Facilitate/strengthen

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The Myofascial Subsystems or Slings10

• Comprised of the external oblique and contra-lateral adductors

• Compresses pelvic girdle, securing the symphysis pubis

• Dysfunction: delay in abductor & adductor strength

• Assess dysfunction: Hip twist, Adductor lift

• Provide force closure sacroiliac joints

• Comprised of the latissimus Dorsi, the contra-lateral gluteus maximus muscles & the posterior layer of the thoracolumbarfasica

• Dysfunction: Delay in gluteal activation which may cause SIJ laxity(looseness).

• Assess dysfunction: using swimming

Image source:Mooney, V., & Stoeckart, R. (2007). Movement Stability and Lumbopelvic Pain.

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The Myofascial Subsystems or Slings11

• Provide gluteal & hamstring balance

• Comprised of the erector Spinae muscle group, thoracolumbar fasica, sacrotuerous ligament,longdorsal ligament and the biceps femoris

• Dysfunction: overactive hamstrings

• Assess dysfunction: using shoulder bridge & one leg stretch

• Glutes and adductors

• Provide pelvic stability in the frontal plane

• Dysfunction: Trendelenburg(eg. right hip drops when left

leg is lifted)

• Assess dysfunction: clam, side kick, hip twist

Image source:Mooney, V., & Stoeckart, R. (2007). Movement Stability and Lumbopelvic Pain.

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Tensegrity

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The Functional Goal

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AE - Aerobic EnduranceAnE - Anaerobic Endurance

SE - Strength Endurance

MS - Maximum Strength SS - Speed Strength

AS - Action Speed

RS - Reaction SpeedC(TP) - Coordination

(Time Pressure)

C(P) - Coordination(Precision)

F - Flexibility

Energy Determined Skills(Conditional)

Motor Skills

Information Orienteered Skills(Coordinative)

Endurance Strength Speed Coordination Flexibility

AE AnE SE MS SS AS RS C(TP) C(P) F

Passive system for energy

transfer

Basic Bio-motor Properties and Interrelationships

Motorische Fahigkeiten (Bos,2001)

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Functional Training for Development Functional Anatomy€¦ · Tensegrity The Functional Goal 12....

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Transcript of Functional Training for Development Functional Anatomy€¦ · Tensegrity The Functional Goal 12....