Q-1: Given the following conditions:Q 1: Given the following conditions: CHP = 15 mmHg. GOP = 25mmHg. GHP = 75 mm HgGHP = 75 mm Hg. What is the NET FILTERATION RATE? a) 35 mm Hga) 35 mm Hg b) 85 mm Hgc) 65 mm Hgd) 115 mm Hgd) 115 mm Hg

Q-2:Which of these is not a function of kidneys?function of kidneys?

a) Maintenance of acid base balance.

b) Excretion of nitrogenous wasteb) Excretion of nitrogenous waste products.

) T t l tic) Temperature regulation. d) Maintenance of water balance.)

Q-3:Which of the following gstatements is incorrect for CAPD?CAPD?

a) It is more convenient than haemodialysis

b) It uses peritoneum as the dialysis membrane

c) It does not require expensivec) It does not require expensiveequipments

d) Th i k f i f i i ld) The risk of infection is very less

Q-4:Match the items listed inQ 4:Match the items listed incolumn1 with their functionsin column2;choose the answer which gives the correctwhich gives the correct combination of alphabets of two columns.

column 1column 1 column 2column 2column 1column 1 column 2column 2A. A. JuxtaglomerularJuxtaglomerular p. p. Secretion of Secretion of

apparat s Vasopressinapparat s Vasopressinapparatus Vasopressinapparatus VasopressinB. B. Choroid plexus Choroid plexus q. q. Filtering the Filtering the

bloodbloodC. C. Hypothalamus Hypothalamus r. r. Secretion ofSecretion ofypyp

of brain of brain reninreninDD PodocytesPodocytes ss Secretion of CSFSecretion of CSFD. D. PodocytesPodocytes s. s. Secretion of CSFSecretion of CSF

t. Secretion of ld taldosterone

a) A=t; B=s; C=p; D=q b) A B C Db) A=q; B=s; C=p; D=rc) A=r; B=s; C=p; D=q ) ; ; p; qd) A=r; B=s; C=t; D=q

Q 5 Whi h t f th l t b lQ-5:Which part of the renal tubule is lined throughout its length by a simple cuboidal epithelium with sparse short microvilli?with sparse, short microvilli?

a) Proximal convoluted tubuleb) Distal convoluted tubulec) Ascending limb of nephron loopc) Ascending limb of nephron loopd) Descending limb of nephron loop

Q 6 A th f ll i tQ-6:Arrange the following to trace the path of filtrate through a renal tubule: (1) proximal convoluted tubule(1) proximal convoluted tubule (2) distal convoluted tubule (3) di li b f h(3) ascending limb of nephron

loop (4) descending limb of nephron

looploop

For reference:

a)1,2,3,4For reference:

b)1,4,3,2c)2 3 4 1c)2,3,4,1d)3,2,1,4

Q-7:What is the average glomerular filtration rate?glomerular filtration rate?

a) 10L per day b) 1 500 l db) 1,500 ml per dayc) 180L per day) p yd) 1 ml per minute

Q-8: The function of the countercurrent multiplier is to:

) I th t ti f N Cla) Increase the concentration of NaClb) Decrease the concentration of NaClc) Change the blood levels of

potassiumpotassiumd) Conserve potassium

Q-9:Renal calculi are usually comprised of the followingcomprised of the following except which one?

a) Calcium oxalateb) Cholesterolc) Uric acidc) Uric acidd) Magnesium phosphate

Q 10 A d iQ-10:A person undergoing prolonged fasting,his urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities ofabnormal quantities of

a) Fatsb) Amino acidsc) Glucosec) Glucosed) ketones

Q-11:From which part of the renalQ 11:From which part of the renal tubule are 60-65% of the water and virtually all nutrientsand virtually all nutrients, electrolytes, and plasma proteins reabsorbed into the blood?

a) Proximal convoluted tubulea) Proximal convoluted tubuleb) Distal convoluted tubulec) Ascending limb of nephron loopd) Descending limb of nephron loopd) Descending limb of nephron loop

Q-12: Glucose is :a)Filtered reabsorbed and secreteda)Filtered, reabsorbed and secretedb)Filtered and reabsorbed, but not

secretedc)Filtered and secreted, but notc)Filtered and secreted, but not

reabsorbedd)Filtered and neither secreted nord)Filtered and neither secreted nor

reabsorbed

Q-13: Within the renal tubule, t h l l itwo hormones play a role in determining the final volume and sodium conc. of the urine. The hormone regulatesThe hormone ____ regulates sodium reabsorption,while regulates waterwhile ____ regulates water reabsorption.

a) Aldosterone; antidiuretic hormone a) doste o e; a t d u et c o o e(ADH)

b) Cortisol; atrial natriuretic peptidec) Renin; angiotensin IIc) Renin; angiotensin IId) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH);

epinephrineepinephrine

Q 14 Identif rethra inQ-14:Identify urethra in this diagramg

) 1a) 1 b) 2)c) 3 d) 4d) 4

Q-15: The leading cause of kidney failure is:kidney failure is:

a) Polycystic kidney diseaseb) Kid tb) Kidney stonesc) Diabetes & hypertension) ypd) Hydronephrosis

Q-16: Control of temperature,d i ti it d thi tendocrine activity and thirst

are functions associated witha) Hypothalamusb) C b llb) Cerebellumc) Medullac) edu ad) Thalamus

Q-17: The Fissure of RolandoQ-17: The Fissure of Rolandoseparates the:

a) Temporal lobe and parietal lobea) Temporal lobe and parietal lobe

b) Occipital lobe and temporal lobeb) Occipital lobe and temporal lobe

c) Frontal lobe and parietal lobec) Frontal lobe and parietal lobe

d) Parietal lobe and occipital lobed) Parietal lobe and occipital lobe

Q-18:All of the following pituitary gland hormonespituitary gland hormones are tropic except:

a) ACTHa) ACTHb) FSHc) TSHd) GHd) GH

Q-19: In the following diagram of sagittalQ 19: In the following diagram of sagittalsection of human brain certain

t h b i di t d bparts have been indicated by alphabets. Choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the partscorrectly matched with the parts which they indicate.

AB

E

C DC D

a) A=corpus callosum; B=midbrain;a) A=corpus callosum; B=midbrain; C=cerebrum; D=pons; E=thalamus.

b) A=corpus callosum; B=thalamus;C=cerebellum; D=pons; E=midbrainC=cerebellum; D=pons; E=midbrain

c) A=corpus callosum; B=midbrain;C=cerebellum; D=pons; E=thalamus

d) A=medula; B=midbrain;d) A=medula; B=midbrain; C=cerebellum;D=pons; E=thalamus

Q-20:The most common feature of epilepsy is:of epilepsy is:

a) Uncontrollable musculaturea) Uncontrollable musculatureb) Haemorrhagingc) Low insulind) Seizures due to excessived) Seizures due to excessive

discharge of neurons

Q-21: Match the parts of human brain listed in column1 with those functions given inthose functions given in column2; choose the answer which gives the correct combination of alphabets ofcombination of alphabets of two columns.

column1 column2A.Hypothalamus p.Visual&auditory

reflexesreflexesB.Medula oblongata q.Muscular

movementC.Midbrain r. Emotional stateD.Cerebellum s. centre of

intelligenceintelligence t.Respiratory

tcentre.

) A B t C Da) A=r; B=t; C=p; D=q

b) A r; B t; C p; D sb) A=r; B=t; C=p; D=s

c) A=r; B=t; C=q; D=pc) A=r; B=t; C=q; D=p

d) A=r; B=s; C=p;D=qd) A=r; B=s; C=p;D=q

Q 22:In the diagram representingQ-22:In the diagram representing reflex arc,identify the correct labellings.

a) A=motor neuron; B= sensory neuron;a) A=motor neuron; B= sensory neuron;C= inter neuron; D= sensory receptor;

ffE= effector organ.b) A= motor neuron; B=sensory neuron;

C= inter neuron; D= effector organ; E= sensory receptorE sensory receptor

c) A= sensory neuron; B= motor neuron;c) A= sensory neuron; B= motor neuron; C= inter neuron; D= sensory receptor;E ff tE= effector organ.

d) A= inter neuron; B= motor neuron; C= sensory neuron; D= sensory receptor; E= effector organE effector organ

Q 23 T t t h ffliQ-23: Tremor at rest, shufflinggait, stooped posture andexpressionless face arecharacteristics ofcharacteristics of.

a) Huntington’s disease) gb) Parkinson’s diseasec) Cerebellar diseasec) Cerebellar diseased) Spinal cord disease) p

Q 24 R fl t f thQ-24:Reflex centers of the medulla include all of edu a c ude a othe following except:

a) Cardiovascular center)b) Cardiac and vasomotor centersc) Digesti e centersc) Digestive centersd) Respiratory rhythmicity center) p y y y

Q-25:Read the statement A and BQ-25:Read the statement A and B

(A) Few cranial nerves are sensory and few spinalsensory and few spinal nerves are motor.

(B) I t f d i(B) Interneurons are found in grey matter of spinal cord.g y p

Which of these is correct?Which of these is correct?

a) Both the statements A and B are correct

b) Statement A is correct,b) Statement A is correct, B is wrong

c) Both the statements are wrongd) Statement B is correctd) Statement B is correct,

A is wrong

Q-26:The vital centers for theQ 26:The vital centers for thecontrol of the heart rate

i ti d bl drespiration and blood pressure are located in thep

a) Medullaa) edu ab) Ponsc) Midbraind) Cerebrumd) Cerebrum

Q-27:Lysergic Acid DiethylamideQ 27:Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) starts to take effect

d 30 t 90 i taround 30 to 90 minutes after taking it and physical effects include

a) Raised body temperaturea) Raised body temperatureb) Increased heart rate and blood

pressurec) Sleeplessnessd) All of the above

Q 28 I th f ll i diQ-28:In the following diagram of T.S. of spinal cord, indicate the wrong labelling

Dorsal SulcusCranial Nerve

White MatterV t l FiGrey Matter Ventral FissureGrey Matter

a) Dorsal sulcusa) Dorsal sulcus

b) Cranial nerveb) Cranial nerve

c) Grey matter & white matterc) Grey matter & white matter

d) Ventral fissured) Ventral fissure

Q-29:Which hormone is required for ovulation and formationfor ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

a) FSH)b) TSH) LHc) LH

d) PRLd)

Q-30:The primary action of ADH also called vasopressin is to:p

a) Cause a decrease in blood calcium levelslevels.

b) Promote the retention of water by the kidneys.

c) Increase metabolic rate.)d) Stimulate uterine smooth muscle

contractions during deliverycontractions during delivery.

Q 31 Th h ADH i d dQ-31:The hormone ADH is produced by cells whose bodies are in the ____, but it is actually released or secreted in thereleased or secreted in the _____.

) A t i it it t i it ita) Anterior pituitary; posterior pituitaryb) Hypothalamus; anterior pituitaryc) Hypothalamus; posterior pituitaryd) Hypophysis; hypothalamusd) Hypophysis; hypothalamus

Q 32:Which of these is not aQ-32:Which of these is not a function of one or both of the

i i d i ?pituitary gonadotropins?a) Stimulate milk production in the

mammary glandb) Stimulate growth of ovarian follicles) gc) Promote production of sperm cells

in the testesd) Stimulate secretion of sex hormones

from ovaries and testesfrom ovaries and testes

Q 33 G tt i dQ-33:Grey matter is composed of ____while white matter ____is composed of ______.

a) Interneurons, synapsesb) Myelinated axons cell bodiesb) Myelinated axons, cell bodiesc) Cell bodies, myelinated axonsd) Sensory neurons, motor neurons

Q-34: The hormones ofQ 34: The hormones of adenohypophysis,whichdo not stimulate another endocrine gland to secreteendocrine gland to secrete hormonesa) TSH and FSHb) ACTH and LHb) ACTH and LHc) PRL and LHd) GH and PRL

Q 35 The common feat re ofQ-35:The common feature of steroids, alkaloids and alcohol is that they

a) Cause physiological dependence) p y g pb) Are synthesized in our body) A th i d b l tc) Are synthesized by plants

d) Cause psychological dependence ) p y g p

Q-36: Anterior pituitary cells ll d tcalled mammotropes

secretea) Adrenocorticotropic hormoneb) F lli l ti l ti hb) Follicle stimulating hormonec) Prolactinc) o actd) Growth hormone

Q-37: Which of the following ghormones stimulates liver glycogenolysisglycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and fat breakdown?

a) Insulina) Insulinb) Thyroid hormonec) ACTHd) Glucagond) Glucagon

Q-38: Which part of brain ff t d i l h li ?affected in alcoholics?

a) Cerebrumb) C b llb) Cerebellumc) Medulla oblongatac) edu a ob o gatad) Brain stem

Q-39: In left handed people, Broca’s area lies in the

a) Right cerebral hemisphereb) Left cerebral hemispherec) Both (a) and (b)c) Both (a) and (b)d) Either (a) or (b)

QQ 40 Aft h i t k l h l40 Aft h i t k l h lQQ--40: After having taken alcohol, 40: After having taken alcohol, person feels giddiness and person feels giddiness and nausea in the nausea in the morning.Thismorning.Thistype of hangover is due totype of hangover is due totype of hangover is due to type of hangover is due to accumulation of accumulation of

a) Ethanola) Ethanola) Ethanola) Ethanolb) Acetaldehydeb) Acetaldehydec) Formaldehydec) Formaldehyded) Methanold) Methanold) Methanold) Methanol