8/18/2019 Fuel and Energy Abstracts Volume 36 Issue 3 1995 [Doi 10.1016%2F0140-6701%2895%2980405-6] -- Vapor Extra…

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05 Nuclear fuels scientific, technical)

95lO2647 Systematic errors in the use of loss-on-ignition tomeasure unburned carbon in fly ashBrown, R. C. and Dykstra, J. Fuel, Apr. 1995, 74, (4), 570-574.The accuracy of the loss-on-ignition (LOI) test to determine the content ofunburned carbon in fly ash samples was evaluated by thermogravimetry.Evaluations were oerformed on flv ash from a stoker boiler. a oulverizedcoal boiler, an atiospheric fluid&d bed boiler and a pressuiized fluidizedbed boiler. The fly ashes from the fluidized bed boilers were found tocontain significant quantities of portlandite [Ca(OIi) ] aen: fo~~;~~originating from limestone or dolomite injected mto the l m.

of sulphur emissions . Dehydration of the portlandite and calcination of thecarbonate upon heating produce weight losses that are confused with oxi-dation of unburned carbon in the LOI test. The result is gross overest ima-tion of the unburned carbon content of fluidized bed combustor fly ashes.

95102655 Building a third vitrification line at SeiiafieidMoore, A. Nuclear Engineerin g In& Jan.-Feb. 1995, 40, (488), 30-31.Reports that additional equipment and modified designs to overcome someof the initial difficulties encountered in operating lines 1 and 2 will be usedfor the new vitrification line under construction at Sellafield.

95102656 Caivert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant life cycle man-agement/iicenss renewal program: Systems, structure, andcomponent screeningTR-103158 Fi nal Report RP2463-35, 500.00, EPRI , Di stributi on Center,

207 Coggins Dr., PO Box 23205, Pleasant Hill, CA.94523.

ZZ’China signa Framatome to repeat Guangdong at

95lQ2646 Thermoiysis of phenethyi phenyi ether. A model ofether linkages in low-rank coalBritt, P. F. et al., Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Sot., Di v. Fuel Chem., 1994,39,(3), 678-683.Describes the investigations into the pyrolysis mechanisms of model beta-aryl ether linkages which have provided fundamental insights into the roleof oxygen functional groups in-retrogresive reactions. A previously unde-tected reaction pathway has been found for the free radical decompositionof phenethyl Ph ether in the fluid phase and under conditions of restricteddiffusion.

Nuclear E ngineering In & M ar. 1995, 40, (488), p. 4.Reports that on the 15 January, following months of tough bargaining,Framatome and the China Guangdong Nuclear Power Company signed an‘award agreement’ for the supply of two 985 MWe reactors. The plant willbe built at Lin-ao in Guangdong Province, only a few kilometres fromDaya Bay.

95102656 Cleanup at Browno Ferry 3Mitchell , B. and Janvrin, R. W.40, (488), 45-46.

Nuclear Engineering ht., Jan.-Feb. 1995,

When major work had to be done in the drywell at Browns Ferry 3, theutility, Tinnessee Valley Authority decided ihat it made sense to make it‘street clothes clean’ for workers. This not only made work easier, it savedtime and millions of dollars.

95102659 CO, blasting in Europey;_n4pkhoven, P. Nuclear Engineering Irat., Jan.-Feb. 1995, 40, (488),

951 2649 Use of high volumes of Class C and Class F fly ashIn concrete

Naik, T. R. er al., Gem. Concr. Aggr egates, 1994, 16, (1), 12-20.The paper reports the results of research carried out for the developmentand use of high volumes of Class C and Class F fly ash in concrete mixesfor roadway paving projects.

95lQ265 The use of municipal waste inclneratlon (MWI) flyash In asphalt for road constructlonHudales, J. B. Sti. Environ. Sci., 1994, 60, 227-232.Describes experiences over several

rears with the application of MWI fly

ash as a filler component for aspha t for road construction in the Nether-lands. The fly ash is accepted, not only from a technical, but also from anenvironmental point of view as a suitable material for the manufacture ofasphalt concrete.

Recent experience with carbon dioxide blasting in a variety of Europeanprojects suggests it is an effective wanatIon. Decontamination during the 1 d

of dealing wi th deposited contami-e time of nuclear facilities is becom-

ing increasingly necessary, to reduce dose to personnel during repair andmaintenance. Conventional mechanical or chemical decontaminationmethods leave a contaminated liquid or solid byproduct needing disposal.Carbon dioxide blasting can solve this problem, and has been apphed inEurope. by Tecnubel (a Belgium company specialising in nuclear hous-keepmg, decomtamination and health physics).

95lO2651 Use of size distributlon and viscosity to dlstingulshasphalt colloidal types

95102660 The collected works of Eugene Wigner. Part A. The

Chatergoon, L. et al., Fuel, Feb. 1995, 74, (2), 301-304.scientific papers, Vol. 5. Nuclear energy

The use of particle s ize distribution for distmguishing asphalt colloidalAmerican Nuclear Society, PO Box 97781, Chi cago, I ll inoi s 60678-7781,USA. Order No.690035. 45.00.

types was compared with a more traditional rheological method. Six petro-leum and natural asphalts representing the full range of types wereexamined. The results indicate that size distribution shows a good correla-tion with the colloidal type as determined by rheological means and maybe a satisfactory basis for distinguishing asphalts. However, further work isrequired to determine the most appropriate boundaries between the colloi-dal types.

95102652 Vapor extraction of heavy oil and bitumenDas, S. K. and Butler, R. M. Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Sot., Di v. F uelChem., 1994, 39, (4), 962-966.In the Vapex (vapor extraction) process vaporized hydrocarbon solventsare injected into the reservoir through a horizontal injection well. Thesolvent initial ly d issolves in bitumen around the injection well until dilutedoil breaks through the horizontal production well placed vertically belowthe injection well. The use of vaporized solvent produces higher drivingforce in eravitv drainaee and also reduces the residual amount of solvent in

This’ book: part of a collection published by Springer-Verlag, containsEugene Wlgner’s memoirs from 1941 to 1948 as well as 42 reports and 12patents related to nuclear energy. I t’s essential reading for anyone whowants to know more about the Founder of Nuclear Engineering, from boththe historical and the scientific perspective.

95102661 DD R: The state of the business, the piaco to beTompkins, B. Nuclear News, Feb. 1995, 38, (2), 30-32.A report on the Embedded Topical Meeting on Decommissioning, Decon-tamination, and Environmental Restoration, sponsored by the America1Nuclear Society’s newly formed Decommissioning, Decontaminatin andNeutiliza tion Technical Group, and the Environmental Sciences Division.Topics discussed included: characterization, cleanup, dismantlement , anddemolition, and all of the regulatory, planning, and financial detials inher-ent to these processes. The meeting was held during the ANS WinterMeeting, 14-17 November 1994, in Washington, DC.

the extracted ;eservo<

951 2653 Zeollte-humlc sorbents for wastewater treatmentAleksandrov, I. V. et al., Khi m. Tverd Topl. (M oscow), 1994, (4),136-141. (In Russian)Reports that brown coal humic acids increased the heavy metal sorptioncapacity of thermally treated zeolit e rocks.

05 NUCLEAR FUELS

Scientific Technical

95lO2654 Avoiding brittle fracture In packages by deslgnDonelan, P. Nuclear Engineering I n& Jan.-Feb. 1995, 40, (488), 20-22.Using ductile cast iron for transport packages offers the advantages ofreduced manufacturing times and costs. But cast materials are perceived tolack toughness, so it is important to show that they will be strong enoughfor the ‘ob. Packages for transporting significant quantities of radioactive

*1aterla s are required by the IAEA Transport Regulations to be capable ofwithstanding, among other things, a drop test from 9 m onto an unyieldingtarget, with minimal loss of contents.

951 2662 The decommlssloninq of the Capenhurst aaseousdlffuslon plant

Cross, . Nuclear News, Feb. 1995, 38, (2), 42-44.Discusses planning, problem solving, and the development of new tech-niques which have contributed to a successful decommissioning project atCapenhurst Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Chester, UK.

95102663 Decommlsslonlng? Why not use a robot?Bares, L. C. Nuclear Engineeri ng I& , Jan.-Feb. 1995: 40, (488), 37-38.The most obvious use of robotics in decommissioning IS to perform taskswhere using human workers are precluded by high exposure levels, physi-cal constraints, or where uncertainties pose unacceptable risks. But moreoften remote technology can reduce costs in other ways, by reducingincurred dose; by allowing more work to be done in contaminated areas;and by providing capabilities that exceed manual methods or wnventialequipment.

95102664 Designlng a repository: The Nirex perspectiveHooper, A. Nuclear Engineering Znr., Jan.-Feb. 1995, 40, (488), 32-33.UK Nirex aims to design a repository for intermediate level radioactivewaste which will ensure passive long-term safety with no requirements forlong-term maintenance. In taking a step-by-step approach to reach a finaldesign, Nirex expects to satisfy the regulators and demonstrate that it hasthe best solutions to the problems which need to be resolved.

Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1995 193