Philippine Normal UniversityNational Center for Teacher Education

Taft Avenue, Manila

LESSON PLANFS 4

(Instructional Materials Development)

Prepared By: Group 2 (III-19 BSE General Science) Caldaira, Rachel E. De Leon, Christian Dave A. Eslava, Gabriel Danielle Luiz G. Lupig, Wenalyn B. Rolda, Erika Grace D. Saguid, Reinah Lyn P

Professor: Prof. Daryl Roy Montebon

LESSON TITLE

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

describe the coordinated functions of the organs of the digestive system trace the path of food as it is being digested explain how enzymes help in digesting food explain how digested food is absorbed through the villi and is carried through the

bloodstream to the liver and how dissolved wastes and solid wastes are eliminated through the excretory system

LEARNING CONTENT

A. Parts of the Digestive System1. The Digestive Tract2. The Digestive Accessory organs

B. The Digestive Process1. Mechanical Digestion of food

Digestion in the mouth Digestion in the stomach Digestion in the small intestine Digestion in the large intestine

2. Chemical Digestion of Food Role of Enzymes in the Digestion process

PRELIMENARIES

Materials Cut-out puzzle model of the digestive system Demonstration in digestion set-up (sugar solution,

parchment paper, saliva, bile, starch solution, test tubes, starch paste, oil, iodine solution, Benedict’s solution, test tube rack, alcohol lamp)

A Gutsy game set (digestive system game board, a piece of die, tokens or playing pieces)

Routine Activities Start the class with an Opening prayer Maintain the cleanliness and orderliness of the class. Ask the students on how does the digestive system

breakdown food to nourish the body?

Motivation/Review Let the students play the gutsy game in order to help them understand that the digestive system is made-up of organs that work together to break down food and nourish the body.

Figure 1: The Gutsy game board

Relevance of the Lesson The main relevance of the lesson that must be imbibed within the students after the discussion of the concepts of the digestive system is to appreciate the nature of the digestive system on how it performs in order to provide proper nourishment for the body.

LESSON DEVELOPMENT

Developmental Activities A. Introduction1. Essential question2. Motivation: “A gutsy game”

B. Lesson Proper1. Presentation of the lesson: ask the students about their

background knowledge about the digestive system2. Discussion

a. manipulation of the cut-out puzzle model of the digestive system

b. demonstration activity about the role of enzymes in the digestive process

3. Generalization: the students must gave a conclusion about the main function of the parts of the digestive system and how does it contribute to the nourishment of the body based rom the

4. Application and Integration

C. Assessment and Evaluation

Application Ask the following questions to check the students understanding about the lesson:

1. Where are most of the food nutrients absorbed?2. Describe the inside of the small intestine.3. How do the villi increase absorption?4. What is the function of the digestive system?

Integration VALUES the students must be able to inculcate the essence of the digestion in their everyday life like on how the different organs of the digestive system wok together in order to provide the body nourishment, this can applied in terms of group cooperation and teamwork

Summary • Digestion is the process whereby complex food substances are converted or reduced to smaller and more soluble molecules so that they could be absorbed into the body cells of an organism. Digestion human beings occur in two major phases, the mechanical and chemical phases.

Assessment and Evaluation

I. Given the following blank diagram of the digestive system:1. Trace the pathway if food in the digestive tract by drawing

an arrow. Label the correct sequence of the passage of food from the (1) mouth to the (2) esophagus to the (3) stomach to the (4) small intestine and to the (5) large intestine

2. Color all the organs that belong to digestive tract as green and all the accessory organs using orange

3. Label all the organs of the digestive system

II. What are the different enzymes that functions in the digestive process? List their specific functions and the digestive organs where they are located.

REFERENCES

Capco, C.M., Yang, G.C. (2011) Science and Technology: Biology 3 rd edition, Phoenix Publishing House Inc., Quezon City Philippines

Department of Education (2013) Grade 8 Science Learner’s Module. Instructional materials Development Cooperation, Pasig city, Philippines

Evangelista, E.V., et.al. (2013) Worktext in General Zoology: Frog and Human Bodies Compared. C & E Publishing Inc., Quezon City, Philippines

Santos G.N. et.al. (2014) Science Links 8. Rex bookstore Publishing, Manila