From Sea to shining sea… and beyond! American Imperialism.
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Transcript of From Sea to shining sea… and beyond! American Imperialism.
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From Sea to sh in ing sea… and beyond!
American Imperialism
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What is Imperialism?
Imperialism: The economic and political control of a weaker nation by a stronger nation.
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America Turns Outward
Factors fueling American imperialism:Economic expansion – new markets
and investment opportunitiesSocial Darwinism and Anglo-
Saxonism – looking to improve the lives of “heathens”
Competition with industrialized nations – wanted to prove our strength
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Social Darwinism: The belief that society can be improved through “survival of the fittest”
Anglo-Saxonism: The idea that English-speaking nations had superior character, ideas, and systems of government, and were destined to rule.
WASPsOther
Europeans
Asians and Latinos
Native Americans
Africans
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ProsPros ConsCons
Increased economic opportunities
Improved global status
New materials/goods
Expansion of democracy
Expensive – militarily and economically
Negative international opinion of the US
Destruction of traditional cultures
Pros and Cons of Imperialism
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I this! I this!
Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power on History – said that they key to a nation’s power is through its naval power.
Mark Twain – The War Prayer; A scathing indictment of war, and particularly of blind patriotic (jingoism) and religious fervor as motivations for war.
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Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.
White Man’s Burden
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Rudyard Kipling
English author, best known for the poems White Man’s Burden and If---, and short stories, including The Jungle Book.
Born in Bombay, India while it was under British colonial rule, and was taken by his family to England when he was five years old.
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White Man’s Burden: A belief that white people have an obligation to rule over, and impose their culture upon people from other ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Allowed supporters to
justify imperialism as a noble enterprise
The slogan was placed on products that aimed to promote cleanliness, purity, health, and wealth.
White Man’s Burden
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America In the Pacific
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Expansion in the Pacific
Commodore Matthew C. Perry led four American warships to Japan to convince them to trade with the US Japan was impressed by the
technology and firepower Began updating their own
technology to compete with the West
America would go on to annex a number of islands in the Pacific Annex: to incorporate a territory
into the domain of a city, country, or state.
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The Forbidden City
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Growing Issues in China
European colonizationOpium WarsBoxer Rebellion
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Open Door Policy
The United States long demanded an Open Door Policy for trading in China, in order to prevent other powers from carving up China among them. But France, Russia, Britain, and Japan bit off pieces for themselves by annexation or by establishing spheres of influence, where they exercised economic privileges.
As its rivals made gains, the United States feared it would be excluded from all trade in China.
The Open Door Policy: Stated that all European nations, and the United States, could trade freely with China.
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Samoa
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Samoan culture was vastly different from European American traditions and needed “reform”
The islands were to be a refueling point for cargo ships.
The U.S. acquired the islands in 1899.
Samoa
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Welcome to Hawai’i
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The Roadto Hana
Old Hawaii
King Kamehameha unified the Hawaiian Islands in 1810
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Europeans Discover Hawai’i
Captain James Cook makes contact with the Hawaiian Islands in 1778
European businessmen quickly took advantage of the fertile soil and set up large plantations of sugarcane, pineapples, etc.
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The Fight for Hawai’i
Queen Lili’uokalani: The last monarch of Hawai’I
Intense rivalry between white businessmen who dominated the economy and natives who still maintained government power
The Committee of Safety: An organization created by prominent American annexationists looking to “protect their business interests.” Created a provisional
government and militiaThe Queen refused to arrest
the conspirators, because she felt that it would result in violence.
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The Committee of Safety made their move Called the US Marines to
“protect Americans” on the island
Their militia took over government buildings and offices.
The Queen was placed under house arrest
Lili’uokalani sent a desperate plea to Congress, but was forced to surrender a few weeks later.
Grover Cleveland refused to annexation because of the way it had been taken
McKinley would annex Hawaii in 1898
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The HulaThe Hula SurfingSurfing
The Cost of Annexation
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The White? Man’s
Burden