From

(Linnaeus, 1758)

to

dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2004.01.004 ...

Bibliographic citations

Jan HaspeslaghODINCINDIO Training Course Oostende

22 February 2006

Overview

• The early days

• ISI citation indexing impacts

• The guidelines to authors impacts

• Non-paper citations

• Relations citation-catalogue record

• Conclusion and assignment

• (Software)

The early days

• Anything goes!

• Based on supposed peer knowledge of available literature

• No support for retrievibility, integration, tracking, archiving, ...

Here is some citation!

Back in 1783...

Later on, in 1851, things improve...

...just a little!

(Quiz: when were the listed works published?)

Things get a lot better this way (1865): date and place of publication, some information on format, paging, etc.

And if you’re lucky to be invited for tea at this author’s house...

This looks almost modern (bibliography published in 1900).

(note difference with previous one: sorted by PY!)

This is 1964...

Where have all my titles gone?

ISI citation indexes

• In 1955, Eugene Garfield publishes:Garfield, E. (1955). Citation Indexes for Science: A New Dimension in Documentation through Association of Ideas. Science, vol. 122 (3159), p. 108-111

• ISI decides to computerise the process of citation linking

• This requires more standardization in citation syntax!• ISI is the big player on the scientific information

scene!• Publishers ‘forced’ to standardize their material!

Guidelines to authors

• Many (good and poor) reasons for establishing guidelines

• Identification, ‘passport’ of publication!

• Each publisher (sometimes each journal title!) has its own ‘passport’ guidelines!

• Standardization???

Guidelines to authors

• Just a few examples:

• http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/622782/authorinstructions

• http://www.mba.ac.uk/education/education_outreach.php?jmbainstructions

• Aquatic ecology pdf

Citation standards from associations

• http://www.liunet.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citation.htm

• http://library.osu.edu/sites/guides/cbegd.html

• http://www.library.ualberta.ca/guides/citation/index.cfm

• http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html

Relations citation-catalogue record

An example:

This can be found in various catalogs:

• Graham, Alastair. Molluscs : prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods : keys and notes for the identification of the species / [2nd ed.] (Leiden ;New York : Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association by E.J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys, 1988.)  vol 2 rev ed 8586.22500 (9004087710 (pbk.)) 

• Titel: Molluscs: prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods : keys and notes for the identification of the species / Alastair Graham Auteur: Alastair Graham 1906-2000 Jaar: 1988 Editie: 2nd rev. ed Uitgever: Leiden [etc.] : Brill/Backhuys Reeks: Synopses of the British fauna, ISSN 0082-1101 ; New series, no. 2 Annotatie: Publ. for the Linnean Society of London and The Esturine and Brackish-water Sciences Association Met lit. opg., index Oorspr. titel: British prosobranch and other operculate gastropod molluscs. - Londen [etc.] : Academic Press, 1971 Omvang: VII, 662 p. : ill. ; 22 cm ISBN: 90-04-08771-0

• Graham, Alastair, F.R.S. Molluscs : prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods : keys and notes for the identification of the species / Alastair Graham. 2nd ed. Leiden ; New York : Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association by E.J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys, 1988. vii, 662 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.

And it can be cited as follows:

Like this:• Graham, A. (1988). Molluscs: prosobranch and

pyramidellid gastropods: keys and notes for the identification of the species. 2nd ed. Synopses of the British fauna (new series), 2. E.J. Brill; W. Backhuys: Leiden/New York, UK. ISBN 90-04-08771-0. vii, 662 pp.

Or even like this:• Graham, A. (1988). Molluscs: prosobranch and

pyramidellid gastropods. 2nd ed. Synopses of the British fauna (new series), 2. E.J. Brill; W. Backhuys: Leiden/New York.

Look at the catalogs again:• Graham, Alastair. Molluscs : prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods :

keys and notes for the identification of the species / [2nd ed.] (Leiden ;New York : Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association by E.J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys, 1988.)  vol 2 rev ed 8586.22500 (9004087710 (pbk.)) 

• Titel: Molluscs: prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods : keys and notes for the identification of the species / Alastair Graham Auteur: Alastair Graham 1906-2000 Jaar: 1988 Editie: 2nd rev. ed Uitgever: Leiden [etc.] : Brill/Backhuys Reeks: Synopses of the British fauna, ISSN 0082-1101 ; New series, no. 2 Annotatie: Publ. for the Linnean Society of London and The Esturine and Brackish-water Sciences Association Met lit. opg., index Oorspr. titel: British prosobranch and other operculate gastropod molluscs. - Londen [etc.] : Academic Press, 1971 Omvang: VII, 662 p. : ill. ; 22 cm ISBN: 90-04-08771-0

• Graham, Alastair, F.R.S. Molluscs : prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods : keys and notes for the identification of the species / Alastair Graham. 2nd ed. Leiden ; New York : Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association by E.J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys, 1988. vii, 662 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.

Join forces!

• We can use mutual metadata from:– Library catalogs, and– Citation indexes, lists, reference databases (such as

ASFA and WoS!), and– Web search results as from Google Scholar

• We can integrate various systems– One time input only– Various outputs possible for same metadata-set– Online searchable within various contexts (e.g. OAI-

protocol, Google Scholar, OPAC, ...)

Join forces!

• An example from Belgium

the IMIS database & different outputs

• Think of other examples or applications for your local catalog/publications/information!

Conclusion

• Many standards for standardization!?• Strong influence on citation behaviour

from ISI and commercial products• Many opportunities for integration

between library and other ‘citation-involved’ partners

• Minimal standardization approach might be best (?)

• Haspeslagh, J. (2006). Are there any questions? ODINCINDIO MIM Training Course. Oostende: IODE Project Office. 1 PPT-presentation (slide 22).

Assignment

• Write citations for handed out publications– According to a chosen ‘Guidelines for authors’– According to a minimal approach:

• Authors (PY). Title of work. Source of publication (as needed: place of publication, publisher, source title, page range, ...)

– According to your own cataloguing rules

• Indicate all information that is mutual to all these citation forms

• Check the citations as they appear in a Google Scholar search

Thank you for your attention!