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UNCONSCIOUSNESS
TICKSTETANUSSTART
Ticks are Arachnids
All ticks are wingless and have four pairs of legs
Ticks are external parasites, meaning that they require a host for food and/or shelter
Most active during warm month usually from April to September.
Tetanus is a serious bacterial disease that affects the nervous systemIt is commonly known as “lock jaw”It is caused by Clostridium tetani, produce tetanospasminIt can interfere with your ability to breatheTetanus can be treatedFatality is highest in individuals who haven't been immunized and in older adults with inadequate immunization
A mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli.
ENTERENTERENTER
• Tetanus is a serious bacterial disease that affects the nervous system
• It is commonly known as “lock jaw”
• It is caused by Clostridium Tetani, produce “Tetanospasmin”
• It can interfere with your ability to breathe
• Tetanus can be treated
• Fatality is highest in individuals who haven't been immunized and in older adults with inadequate immunization
TETANUS
SYMTOMS RISK FACTORS COMPLICATIONS TREATMENTS
LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES PREVENTION
TETANUS IMMUNIZATION
SYMPTOMS
• Spasms and stiffness of jaw muscles• Stiffness of neck muscles• Difficulty swallowing• Stiffness of abdominal muscles• Clenched fists• Painful body spasms
MENU
RISK FACTORS
• Lack of immunization or inadequate immunization
• A penetrating injury that results in tetanus spores being introduced to the wound site
• A foreign body, such as a nail or splinter
• Puncture wounds• Amputations• Burns MENU
COMPLICATIONS
• Disability
• Death
MENU
TREATMENTS
• Wound care • Antitoxin- can neutralize only toxin
that hasn't yet bonded to nerve tissue• Antibiotics- to fight tetanus bacteria.• Vaccine- prevent future tetanus
infection, quickly make the needed antibodies to protect you against tetanus.
• Sedatives- control muscle spasms.MENU
LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES
• Get medical attention if
- the wound is deep and dirty
- If you're unsure of your immunization status.
• Leave unclean wounds open
If you have a minor wound, these steps will help prevent you from getting tetanus:
• Control bleeding
• Keep the wound clean
• Use an antibiotic- can discourage bacterial growth and infection and may allow the wound to heal more efficiently.
• Cover the wound- keep the wound clean and keep harmful bacteria out. Blisters that are draining are vulnerable.
• Change the dressing- to prevent infectionMENU
PREVENTION
• The DTaP vaccine consists of a series of five shots, typically given in the arm or thigh to children at ages:
2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 to 18 months, 4 to 6 yearsThe booster• Tdap- between the ages of 11 and 12• Td booster be given every 10 years thereafter.• If you receive a deep or dirty wound and it's
been more than five years since your last booster shot, get another booster shot.
MENU
TETANUS IMMUNIZATION
Protection against tetanus should be considered with
any wound, even a minor one. After any wound, check
the student's immunization record for tetanus and notify parent or legal guardian.
A minor wound would need a tetanus booster only if it
has been at least 10 years since the last tetanus shot or if
the student is 5 years old or younger.
Other wounds such as those contaminated by dirt, feces
and saliva (or other body fluids); puncture wounds; amputations; and wounds resulting from crushing,
burns, and frostbite need a tetanus booster if it has been more
than 5 years since last tetanus shot.
MENU
• Ticks are Arachnids• All ticks are wingless and have four pairs of legs• Ticks are external parasites, meaning that they require a
host for food and/or shelter• Most active during warm month usually from April to
September.
PREVENTING TICK BITES
REMOVING TICKS
TICKS
FIND AND REMOVE TICKS FROM YOUR BODY
PREVENTING TICK BITES
• Avoid Direct Contact with Ticks • Repel Ticks and wear clothes treated
with Permethrin
MENU
FIND AND REMOVE TICKS FROM YOUR BODY
MENU
• Bathe or shower as soon as possible after coming indoors • Conduct a full-body tick check using a hand-held or full-
length mirror. Parents should check their children for ticks under the arms, in and around the ears, inside the belly button, behind the knees, between the legs, around the waist, and especially in their hair.
• Examine gear and pets• Tumble clothes in a dryer on high heat
Students should be inspectedfor ticks after time in woods or brush. Ticks may carry
serious infections and must be completely removed.
.Do NOT handle ticks with
bare hands .
Refer to your school's policy
regarding the removal of ticks
Wear disposable gloves when exposed
to blood and other body fluids.
Wash the tick area gently with soap and
water before attempting removal
Using tweezers, grasp the tick as close to the skin surface as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure. Do NOT twist or jerk the tick as the mouth parts may break off. It is important to remove the ENTIRE tick. Take care not to squeeze, crush or puncture the body of the tick as its fluids may carry infection. After removal, wash the tick area thoroughly with soap
and water. Wash your hands. Apply a bandage.
Ticks can be safely thrown away by
placing them in container of alcohol or
flushing them down the toilet.
Contact responsible
school authority &parent/legal
guardian.
TICKS
MENU
REMOVING TICKS
Follow-upIf you develop a rash or fever within several weeks of removing a tick, see your doctor. Be sure to tell the doctor about your recent tick bite.Early recognition and treatment of the infection decreases the risk of serious complications. MENU
UNCONSCIOUSNESS
a mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental
stimuli.
Did student regain consciousness immediately?
If student stops breathing,
and no one else is available
to call EMS, administer
CPR for 2 minutes and
then call EMS yourself.
Contact responsible
school authority &parent/legal
guardian.
Keep student in flat position of comfort.Elevate feet 8-10 inches unless this causes pain or a neck/back or hip injury is suspected.Loosen clothing around neck and waist. Keep body normal temperature. Cover student with a blanket or sheet.Give nothing to eat or drink.If student vomits, roll onto left side keeping back and neck in straight alignment if injury is suspected.Examine student from head-to-toe and give first aid for conditions as needed.
See "Fainting".
Unconsciousness may have many causes including:
Injuries. Blood loss/shock. Poisoning. Severe allergic reaction.
Heat exhaustion. Illness. Fatigue. Stress. Not eating.
If you know the cause of the unconsciousness
see the appropriate guideline.
Is unconsciousness due to injury?
Open airway with head tilt/chin lift. Look, listen and feel for breathing.
Is student breathing?
UNCONCIOUSNESS
See "Neck & Back Pain" and treat as a possible neck injury. Do NOT move student.
Begin CPR. See "CPR".CALL EMS
999.
CALL EMS 999.
YES
YES
YES
NO
NO
NO
HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT JAW THRUST
THANKS FOR LISTENING