FRESHWATER MUSSEL SURVEY IN POOL 16, THE MISSISSIPPI … · different live freshwater mussel...

FRESHWATER MUSSEL SURVEY IN POOL 16, THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER, NEAR FAIRPORT, IOWA:

R.M. 463.5 – R.M. 464.1, APPROXIMATELY

by

Tatsuaki Nakato Lucille A. Carver Mississippi Riverside Environmental Research Station

(LACMRERS)

Jon Christensen and Bernard Schonhoff Iowa DNR Fairport Fisheries Management

IIHR Technical Report No. 464

IIHR − Hydroscience & Engineering College of Engineering The University of Iowa

Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1585

August 2007

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ABSTRACT As part of the Mussel Coordination Team’s 2007 Higgins eye pearly mussel (Lampsilis higginsii) relocation plan, Lucille A. Carver Mississippi Riverside Environmental Research Station (LACMRERS), The University of Iowa, and the Iowa DNR Fairport Fisheries Management recommended that juvenile Higgins eye pearly mussels be released in the Mississippi River near Fairport, Iowa in Pool 16. Such a proposed action must fulfill regulatory requirements stipulated under the provisions of the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended and associated regulations. A multi-agency team, comprising the Illinois DNR, the Iowa DNR, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rock Island District, and LACMRERS, conducted detailed quantitative field surveys on the mussel population and its diversity during 12-13 September 2006. Sixteen different live freshwater mussel species were found in the mussel survey area along the right bank of the Mississippi River near Fairport, extending riverward approximately 160 m from the Iowa shoreline and encompassing streamwise approximately 800 m. The most common species found out of 253 live mussels sampled was Threeridge (Amblema plicata: 17.8%) followed by Pimpleback (Quadrula pustulosa: 17.4%), Threehorn wartyback (Obliquaria reflexa: 15.8%), Washboard (Megalonaias nervosa: 12.3%), and Mapleleaf (Quadrula quadrula: 12.3%). Frequencies of the other eleven species were less than 6.3%. The highest age count occurred at age four (55 counts), followed by age six (43 counts) and age five (40 counts). An age group between 4-yrs old and 6-yrs old occupied 54.5% of the total population; that between 3-yrs old and 7-yrs old 78.2%; that between 2-yrs old and 9-yrs old 97.5%; and that between 1-yr old and 10-yrs old 99.6%. High live-mussel population densities were found in three quadrat samples out of five samples, where mussel densities were 26, 30, and 31 mussels/m2, respectively. Mussel densities at the other two sites were 7 and 8 mussels/m2, respectively.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The field mussel-survey investigation reported herein was conducted in cooperation with multiple agencies, including the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (ILDNR), the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IADNR), the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Rock Island District (COE-RID), and Lucille A. Carver Mississippi Riverside Environmental Research Station (LACMRERS), The University of Iowa. The authors thank Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, and Ed Walsh of the ILDNR; Eric Giebelstein of the IADNR; and Steve Johnson and Nicole McVay of the COE-RID for their unfailing cooperation throughout the course of the field surveys. The authors also thank Bob Schanzle for reviewing the manuscript. Bob Schanzle and Rich Lewis were principal divers to collect freshwater mussel samples.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

I. INTRODUCTION 1

1. Background 1 2. Study Objectives 1 3. Mussel Survey Sites 2 4. Survey Methods 7

II. PRESENTATION OF INDIVIDUAL SURVEY RESULTS 8

1. Pollywog 1 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676074E/4589311N) 8 2. Pollywog 2 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676068E/4589298N) 9

3. Dive 1 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676063E/4589286N) 10 4. Dive 2 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676089E/4589249N) 14 5. Dive 3 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 6760809E/4589279N) 16 6. Dive 4 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 675997E/4589124N) 18 7. Dive 5 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 6759617E/4589122N) 20 8. Dive 6 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 675974E/4589183N) 22

9. Dive 7 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676191E/4589397N) 24 10. Dive 8 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676209E/4589372N) 27 11. Dive 9 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676245E/4589311N) 29 12. Dive 10 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676301E/4589473N) 31 13. Dive 11 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676348E/4589415N) 33 14. Dive 12 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676441E/4589463N) 35 15. Dive 13 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676413E/4589523N) 37 16. Dive 14 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676542E/4589650N) 39 17. Dive 15 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676566E/4589591N) 41 18. Quadrat 1-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) 43 19. Quadrat 1-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) 43 20. Quadrat 1-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) 43 21. Quadrat 1-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) 47 22. Quadrat 2-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) 47 23. Quadrat 2-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) 47 24. Quadrat 2-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) 51 25. Quadrat 2-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) 51 26. Quadrat 3-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) 51 27. Quadrat 3-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) 55 28. Quadrat 3-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) 55 29. Quadrat 3-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) 55 30. Quadrat 4-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) 59 31. Quadrat 4-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) 59 32. Quadrat 4-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) 59 33. Quadrat 4-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) 59 34. Quadrat 5-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) 64 35. Quadrat 5-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) 64 36. Quadrat 5-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) 64

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37. Quadrat 5-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) 64 38. Muskrat Midden Site (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676418E/4589598N) 69

III. SUMMARY OF OVERALL SURVEY RESULTS 71

IV. REFERENCES 77

LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1-1 GPS locations and flow depths at individual data sampling sites 6 Table 2-1 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Pollywog 1 9 Table 2-2 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Pollywog 2 11 Table 2-3 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 1 13 Table 2-4 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 2 15 Table 2-5 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 3 17 Table 2-6 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 4 19 Table 2-7 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 5 21 Table 2-8 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 6 23 Table 2-9 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 7 26 Table 2-10 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 8 28 Table 2-11 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 9 30 Table 2-12 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 10 32 Table 2-13 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 11 34 Table 2-14 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 12 36 Table 2-15 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 13 38 Table 2-16 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 14 40 Table 2-17 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 15 42 Table 2-18 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-A 44 Table 2-19 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-B 45 Table 2-20 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-C 46 Table 2-21 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-D 48 Table 2-22 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 2-A 49 Table 2-23 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 2-B 50 Table 2-24 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 2-C 52 Table 2-25 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 2-D 53 Table 2-26 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 3-A 54 Table 2-27 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 3-B 56 Table 2-28 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 3-C 57 Table 2-29 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 3-D 58 Table 2-30 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 4-A 60 Table 2-31 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 4-B 61 Table 2-32 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 4-C 62 Table 2-33 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 4-D 63 Table 2-34 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 5-A 65 Table 2-35 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 5-B 66

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Table 2-36 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 5-C 67 Table 2-37 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 5-D 68 Table 2-38 List of mussel species found on 14 September 2006 at a muskrat

midden located just upstream from Quadrat 3 site on the right bank of the Mississippi River 69

Table 3-1 Summary of live mussels and substrate materials collected 73 Table 3-2 Summary of age counts of live mussels at individual survey sites 73 Table 3-3 Summary of live mussels collected by five Quadrat surveys 74

LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1-1 General mussel survey area near Fairport, Iowa (U.S.G.S.

topographic map powered by TOPO! published by National Geographic) 4

Figure 1-2 A close-up map showing mussel data collection sites near Fairport, Iowa (2000 color infrared digital orthophoto shown was downloaded from the Iowa State University’s Iowa Geographic Map Server site: http://komodo.gis.iastate.edu/) 5

Figure 1-3 A close-up map identifying mussel data collection sites with local flow depths near Fairport, Iowa (2000 color infrared digital orthophoto shown was downloaded from the Iowa State University’s Iowa Geographic Map Server site: http://komodo.gis.iastate.edu/) 5

Figure 3-1 Frequency distribution of sixteen live mussel species 75 Figure 3-2 Percentage distribution of sixteen live mussel species 75 Figure 3-3 Age distribution of 253 live mussels 76 Figure 3-4 Daily Mississippi River stage records near Fairport, Iowa from

1 January 1990 to 30 August 2007 – data source: http://www2.mvr.usace.army.mil/WaterControl/new/layout.cfm 76

LIST OF PHOTOS Page

Photo 1-1 Male and female Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) pearly mussels: male’s exterior (a), male’s pearly interior (b), female’s exterior (c), and female’s interior (d) 2

Photo 1-2 Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) pearly mussels infested by zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) (a), and those zebra-free LHs after removing zebra mussels – photos were taken on 1 August 2007 during MCT’s mussel cleaning effort near Cordova, IL in the Mississippi River 3

Photo 1-3 Juvenile Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) pearly mussels raised in a cage in Lake Pepin near Lake City, Minnesota by the U.S. Fish

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& Wildlife Service (a), and a close-up view of 2-yr old Higgins eye mussels (b) – notice some zebra mussels attached to Higgins eye mussels 3

Photo 1-4 The mouth of an unnamed creek (top center) – flow direction from right to left 6 Photo 1-5 Brailing operation prior to mussel surveys 7 Photo 1-6 Species identifications for a quadrat sample 7 Photo 2-1 Nine live mussels collected in Pollywog 1 8 Photo 2-2 Five live mussels collected in Pollywog 2 10 Photo 2-3 Seven live mussels collected in Dive 1 12 Photo 2-4 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 1

(anterior: right and posterior: left) 12 Photo 2-5 Ten live mussels collected in Dive 2 14 Photo 2-6 Fourteen live mussels collected in Dive 3 16 Photo 2-7 Nine live mussels collected in Dive 4 18 Photo 2-8 Two live mussels collected in Dive 5 20 Photo 2-9 Ten live mussels collected in Dive 6 22 Photo 2-10 Eleven live mussels collected in Dive 7 24 Photo 2-11 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 7

anterior: right and posterior: left) 25 Photo 2-12 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 7

(anterior: left and posterior: right) 25 Photo 2-13 Eighteen live mussels collected in Dive 8 27 Photo 2-14 Two live mussels collected in Dive 9 29 Photo 2-15 Six live mussels collected in Dive 10 31 Photo 2-16 Eight live mussels collected in Dive 11 33 Photo 2-17 Six live mussels collected in Dive 12 35 Photo 2-18 Thirteen live mussels collected in Dive 13 37 Photo 2-19 Sixteen live mussels collected in Dive 14 39 Photo 2-20 Five live mussels collected in Dive 15 41 Photo 2-21 Seventeen different dead mussel shells found in a muskrat

midden in Fairport (UTM Datum, NAD 27, Zone 15: 676418E/4589598N) 70

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FRESHWATER MUSSEL SURVEY IN POOL 16, THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER, NEAR FAIRPORT, IOWA:

R.M. 463.5 – R.M. 464.1, APPROXIMATELY

I. INTRODUCTION

1. Background In May 2002 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE), St. Paul and Rock Island Districts, initiated a 10-year effort to re-establish the federally endangered, native freshwater mussel called Higgins eye pearly mussel (Lampsilis higinsii: LH) in the upper Mississippi River System (UMRS). Photographs of adult LHs are shown in Photo 1-1. Such re-establishing efforts are currently being pursued at ten sites in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. In July 2002, the St. Paul COE District, in cooperation with the inter-agency Mussel Coordination Team (MCT), issued a Relocation Plan, called “Definite Project Report and Environmental Assessment for Relocation Plan for the Endangered Higgins Eye Pearly Mussel (Lampsilis higginsii), Upper Mississippi River and Tributaries, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois.” The recent decline in the LH population has been partly attributable to zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), and the MCT routinely conduct zebra-mussel cleaning operations along the UMRS. LH mussels infected by zebra mussels are shown in Photo 1-2(a) and those cleaned in Photo 1-2(b). As part of the MCT’s 2007 LH relocation plan, Lucille A. Carver Mississippi Riverside Environmental Research Station (LACMRERS), The University of Iowa, and the IADNR Fairport Fisheries Management recommended that juvenile LH mussels be released in the Mississippi River near Fairport, Iowa in Pool 16. Such a proposed action must fulfill regulatory requirements stipulated under the provisions of the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended, and associated regulations. Section 7(a)(2) of the ESA requires federal agencies to insure that actions authorized, funded, or carried out by them are not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. Juvenile LH mussels have been raised in cages in Lake Pepin in Pool 4 of the Mississippi River by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (see Photo 1-3). 2. Study Objectives As part of the Environmental Assessment (EA) for a relocation plan for the endangered Higgins eye pearly mussels (LH), it was necessary to conduct a field survey characterizing the mussel habitat surrounding the proposed release site and assessing diversity in mussel species.

Photexter

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Photo 1-2 Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) pearly mussels infested by zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) (a), and those zebra-free LHs after removing zebra

mussels – photos were taken on 1 August 2007 during MCT’s mussel cleaning effort near Cordova, IL in the Mississippi River

(a) (b)

Photo 1-3 Juvenile Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) pearly mussels raised in a cage in Lake Pepin near Lake City, Minnesota by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (a),

and a close-up view of 2-yr old Higgins eye mussels (b) – notice some zebra mussels attached to Higgins eye mussels

4

Figure 1-1 General mussel survey area near Fairport, Iowa (U.S.G.S. topographic map powered by TOPO! published by National Geographic)

Survey Area

5

Figure 1-2 A close-up map showing mussel data collection sites near Fairport, Iowa (2000 color infrared digital orthophoto shown was downloaded from the Iowa State

University’s Iowa Geographic Map Server site: http://komodo.gis.iastate.edu/)

Figure 1-3 A close-up map identifying mussel data collection sites with local flow depths near Fairport, Iowa (2000 color infrared digital orthophoto shown was

downloaded from the Iowa State University’s Iowa Geographic Map Server site: http://komodo.gis.iastate.edu/)

P1P2

D2

D4D5

D7

D6

D8

D9

D10D11

D12

D13

D14D15

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5CreekMouth

D1 D3

MuskratMiddenIA DNR Fairport

Fish Hatchery Ponds

FLOW

Note: P - Pollywog; D - Dive; and Q - Quadrats

0 100 200

Scale in meters

Survey Area: ~ 800 m by160 m = 128,000 sq m

Highway 22

To Davenport

To Muscatine

Sec 1

Sec 2

Sec 3

Sec 4

Sec 5

Sec 6

P1P2

D2

D4 (16.0 ft)D5 (15.3 ft)

D7 (9.3 ft)

D6 (12.8 ft)

D8 (10.5 ft)

D9 (13.2 ft)

D10 (9.6 ft)

D11 (11.7 ft)

D12 (11.3 ft)

D13 (10.0 ft)

D14 (8.5 ft)D15 (8.6 ft)

Q1 (8.3 ft)

Q2 (9.4 ft)

Q3 (9.7 ft)

Q4 (11.8 ft)

D1 D3

MuskratMidden

IA DNR FairportFish Hatchery Ponds

��

Note: P - Pollywog; D - Dive; and Q - Quadrats�(no depth recorded at D1, D2, & D3)

0 100 200

Scale in meters

Creek Mouth

FLOW

Q5 (9.5 ft)

Creek Highway 22

6

Site Name UTM Datum UTM Zone Easting Northing Depth (ft)Pollywog 1 27 15 676074E 4589311N < 2 ftPollywog 2 27 15 676068E 4589298N < 2 ft

Dive 1 27 15 676063E 4589286N No recordDive 2 27 15 676089E 4589249N No recordDive 3 27 15 676080E 4589279N No recordDive 4 27 15 675997E 4589124N 16.0Dive 5 27 15 675961E 4589122N 15.3Dive 6 27 15 675974E 4589183N 12.8Dive 7 27 15 676191E 4589397N 9.3Dive 8 27 15 676209E 4589372N 10.5Dive 9 27 15 676245E 4589311N 13.2

Dive 10 27 15 676301E 4589473N 9.6Dive 11 27 15 676348E 4589415N 11.7Dive 12 27 15 676441E 4589463N 11.3Dive 13 27 15 676413E 4589523N 10.0Dive 14 27 15 676542E 4589650N 8.5Dive 15 27 15 676566E 4589591N 8.6

Quadrat 1 27 15 676567E 4589650N 8.3Quadrat 2 27 15 676324E 4589471N 9.4Quadrat 3 27 15 676400E 4589532N 9.7Quadrat 4 27 15 676343E 4589456N 11.8Quadrat 5 27 15 676218E 4589403N 9.5

LACMRERS Mussel Survey: Data Collection SitesMississippi River Fairport Site near IADNR Fairport Fish Hatchery - Approximately,

RM 463.5~464.1, Pool 16 (9/12/06~9/13/06)

Table 1-1 GPS locations and flow depths at individual data sampling sites

Photo 1-4 The mouth of an unnamed creek (top center) – flow direction from right to left

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4. Survey Methods Prior to the mussel surveys a brailing operation was conducted to determine survey boundaries as well as to identify tree snags (see Photo 1-5). Freshwater mussel surveys were conducted primarily by diving with a few pollywogging operations and a muskrat midden survey. There were two pollywogging sites, identified as P1 and P2 in Figures 1-2 and 1-3; fifteen dives, typically 5-min. dives, identified as D1 through D15 in Figures 1-2 and 1-3; and five quadrat sites, identified as Q1 through Q5 in Figures 1-2 and 1-3. Live mussel samples collected were identified for species, and their lengths and ages were determined (see Photo 1-6). Furthermore, live zebra mussels attached to live native mussels were counted and their sizes were also recorded.

Photo 1-5 Brailing operation prior to mussel surveys

Photo 1-6 Species identifications for a quadrat sample

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II. PRESENTATION OF INDIVIDUAL SURVEY RESULTS 1. Pollywog 1 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676074E/4589311N) This site, shown as P1 in Figure 1-2, was located just upstream from a small deltaic island formed at the mouth of a small unnamed creek adjacent to the east side of IADNR’s Fairport Fish Hatchery ponds. A 10-min. long pollywog yielded a collection of nine live mussels, as shown in Photo 2-1. Five species of mussels were identified, including Giant floater, Mapleleaf, Mucket, Plain pocketbook, and Threeridge. Their sizes and ages were also recorded and they are shown in Table 2-1. The mussel age varied from 4 to 7 years, and the substrate consisted of sand and gravel. No live zebra mussels were found on these mussels.

Photo 2-1 Nine live mussels collected in Pollywog 1

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LocationDateTime

Weather/TempDatum ZoneNAD 27 15

Survey Method Brail PollywogSurvey ID Pollywog 1Bed Material

SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

Ligumia recta BLACK SANDSHELL TEllipsaria lineolata BUTTERFLY E T TTruncilla truncata DEERTOE

Lampsilis siliquoidea FAT MUCKET

Truncilla donaciformis FAWNFOOT

Anodonta suborbiculata FLAT FLOATER

Leptodea fragilis FRAGILE PAPERSHELL

Pyganodon grandis GIANT FLOATER 1 128 5

Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT

Lampsilis higginsi HIGGINS' EYE E E E E

Toxolasma parvus LILLIPUT

Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 1 75 7

Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE TActinonaias ligamentina MUCKET 2 112 7 103 6

Utterback ia imbecillis PAPER PONDSHELL

Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH

Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK

Potamilus alatus PINK HEELSPLITTER

Potamilus ohiensis PINK PAPERSHELL

Tritogonia verrucosa PISTOLGRIP (BUCKHORN) T E

Lampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK 2 123 6 113 7

Arcidens confragosus ROCKSHELL TPleurobema coccineum ROUND PIGTOE EElliptio dilatata SPIKE TStrophitus undulatus STRANGE FLOATER T

Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN

Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 3 63 4 59 4 58 4

Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK TMegalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD

Lasmigona complanata WHITE HEELSPLITTER

Lampsilis teres YELLOW SANDSHELL E EFusconaia ebena EBONYSHELL E TStrophitus undulatus SQUAWFOOT T

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TOTAL(Live Mussels)SPECIES

Sand/Gravel STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosYES for mussel group

Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: depth < 2 ft676074E 4589311N

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200612-Sep-061:40:00 PM (10--min. pollywog)

Personnel Jon Christensen

Table 2-1 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Pollywog 1 2. Pollywog 2 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676068E/4589298N) This site, shown as P2 in Figure 1-2, was located next to the Pollywog 1 site. A 10-min. long pollywog yielded a collection of five live mussels, as shown in Photo 2-2. Two species of mussels were identified, including Plain pocketbook and Threeridge. Their

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sizes and ages are shown in Table 2-2. Their ages ranged from 4 to 7 years. No live zebra mussels were found on these mussels. The substrate consisted of sand and gravel.

Photo 2-2 Five live mussels collected in Pollywog 2 3. Dive 1 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676063E/4589286N) This site, shown as D1 in Figure 1-2, was located next to Pollywog 1 and Pollywog 2. A five min. dive yielded a collection of seven live mussels of five species, including Mucket, Wabash pigtoe, Plain pocketbook, Threehorn wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-3. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-3 and a close-up photo of the Mucket (132-mm long and 7-years old) is shown in Photo 2-4. Five 2-3 mm long zebra mussels were attached to the Mucket; four 2-3 mm long zebra mussels to the 8-year old Plain pocketbook; and one 3-mm long zebra to the Washboard. The other two mussels had no zebras attached. The age of these mussels varied from 4 to 14 years.

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LocationDateTime


Survey Method Brail PollywogSurvey ID Pollywog 2Bed Material

SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs






Pyganodon grandis GIANT FLOATER




Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF

Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE TActinonaias ligamentina MUCKET







Lampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK 1 112 7



Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 4 85 4 60 5 58 4 49 5




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Sand/Gravel STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosYES for mussel group

Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: depth < 2 ft676068E 4589298N

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200612-Sep-061:40:00 PM (10--min. pollywog)

Personnel Eric Giebelstein

Table 2-2 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Pollywog 2

12

Photo 2-3 Seven live mussels collected in Dive 1

Photo 2-4 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 1 (anterior: right and posterior: left)

13

LocationDateTime


Survey Method Brail PollywogSurvey IDBed Material

SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs











Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE TActinonaias ligamentina MUCKET 1 132 7


Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 2 66 7 50 4





Lampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK 2 120 14 120 8


Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 1 48 7

Amblema plicata THREERIDGE

Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK TMegalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 1 140 10



75


Not recorded STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosDive 1 YES for mussel group

Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: d = not recorded676063E 4589286N

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200612-Sep-061:35:00 PM (5-min. dive)

Personnel Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Ed Walsh, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Eric Giebelstein, Steve Johnson, Tatsuaki Nakato

Table 2-3 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected during Dive 1

14

4. Dive 2 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676089E/4589249N) This site, shown as D2 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 45 m south south-east from Dive 1 toward the main channel. Two 5-min. dives yielded a collection of ten live mussels of five species, including Mapleleaf, Monkeyface, Pimpleback, Plain pocketbook, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-4. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-5. Two 2-3 mm long zebra mussels were attached to the 6-year old Monkeyface. The other nine mussels had no zebras attached. The age of the sampled mussels varied from 4 to 8 years. The substrate material was not recorded at this site.

Photo 2-5 Ten live mussels collected in Dive 2

15

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs











Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE T 2 70 8 70 6

Actinonaias ligamentina MUCKET



Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 2 69 7 60 6








Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK TMegalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 4 142 7 115 7 108 6 95 4



105

TOTAL (Live Mussels)SPECIES


Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded


LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200612-Sep-061:30:00 PM (two 5-min. dives)



16

5. Dive 3 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 6760809E/4589279N) This site, shown as D3 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 25 m south east from Dive 1 between Dive 1 and Dive 2. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of fourteen live mussels of eight species, including Black sandshell, Butterfly, Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threeridge, Wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-5. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-6. Three 3-mm long zebras were attached to the 123-mm long Washboard; three 3-mm long zebras to the 145-mm long Washboard; two 3-mm long zebras to the 125-mm long Washboard; and three 3-mm long zebras to the 100-mm long Threeridge. The other ten mussels had no zebras attached. The age of the sampled mussels varied from 4 to 7 years. The substrate material was not recorded at this site.

Photo 2-6 Fourteen live mussels collected in Dive 3

17

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

Ligumia recta BLACK SANDSHELL T 1 138 6

Ellipsaria lineolata BUTTERFLY E T T 2 80 4 75 4

Truncilla truncata DEERTOE






Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 2 59 6 52 5



Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 1 63 5 78 5




Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 1 55 6




Lampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK




Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK T 1 60 7

Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 3 123 6 145 7 125 6



148


sand/gravel/cobble STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





18

6. Dive 4 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 675997E/4589124N) This site, shown as D4 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 175 m south south-east from Dive 1 where flow depth was 16.0 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of nine live mussels of five species, including Hickorynut, Monkeyface, Pimpleback, Threeridge, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-6. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-7. No live zebras were found attached to any live mussels sampled at this site. The age of the sampled mussels varied from 2 (Pimpleback) to 8 years (Washboard). The substrate material comprised sand, gravel, and cobble.

Photo 2-7 Nine live mussels collected in Dive 4

19

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs







Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 1 50 5




Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE T 2 70 5 62 6











Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 1 31 4




95


sand/gravel/cobble STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: d =16.0 ft675997E 4589124N




20

7. Dive 5 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 6759617E/4589122N) This site, shown as D5 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 36 m west from Dive 4 where flow depth was 15.3 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of only two live mussels of two species, including Mapleleaf and Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-7. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-8. Two 3-mm long zebras were found attached to the Mapleleaf. The age of the Mapleleaf was 8 years, and that of the Threeridge was 3 years. The substrate material was not recorded at this site.

Photo 2-8 Two live mussels collected in Dive 5

21

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























22



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: d = 15.3 ft675961E 4589122N




22

8. Dive 6 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 675974E/4589183N) This site, shown as D6 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 62 m north from Dive 5 where flow depth was 12.8 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of ten live mussels of six species, including Black sandshell, Butterfly, Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, and Threehorn wartyback, as listed in Table 2-8. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-9. One 3-mm long zebra was found attached to the Black sandshell; one 3-mm long zebra to the 8-year old Mapleleaf; and one 3-mm long zebra to the 41-mm long Threehorn watryback. The age of these mussels ranged from 3 to 8 years. Threehorn watrybacks were very young (one 4-years old and three 3-years old). The substrate material was silt and clay.

Photo 2-9 Ten live mussels collected in Dive 6

23

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

Ligumia recta BLACK SANDSHELL T 1 130 8

Ellipsaria lineolata BUTTERFLY E T T 1 75 4




















Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 4 50 4 50 3 41 3 35 3Amblema plicata THREERIDGE




106SPECIES

silt/clay STATUS

Common Name

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data Sheet

12-Sep-063:12:00 PM (5-min. dive)


Quadrats PhotosDive 6 YES for mussel group

TOTAL (Live Mussels)

#, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Dive

Mississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 2006

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing675974E 4589183N

Cloudy/Not recordedNote: d = 12.8 ft


24

9. Dive 7 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676191E/4589397N) This site, shown as D7 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 169 m north east from Dive 1 near the Iowa shore where flow depth was 9.3 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of eleven live mussels of eight species, including Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Mucket, Squawfoot, Threehorn wartyback, Threeridge, Wabash pigtoe, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-9. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-10. Close-up views of Mucket exteriors are shown in Photos 2-11 and 2-12. One 3-mm long zebra was found attached to the 5-year old Threeridge; and two 3-mm long zebras to the 8-year old Threehorn watryback, and one 3-mm long zebra to the Squawfoot. The age of these mussels ranged from 3 to 9 years. The substrate material was sand and gravel. This could be an excellent candidate site for Higgins eye relocations because of the excellent substrate and the diversity in species.

Photo 2-10 Eleven live mussels collected in Dive 7

25

Photo 2-11 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 7 (anterior: right and posterior: left)

Photo 2-12 Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) collected in Dive 7 (anterior: left and posterior: right)

26

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs













Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 1 65 9







Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 2 50 5 80 8




Lampsilis teres YELLOW SANDSHELL E EFusconaia ebena EBONYSHELL E TStrophitus undulatus SQUAWFOOT T 1 92 5

118


sand/gravel STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





27

10. Dive 8 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676209E/4589372N) This site, shown as D8 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 30 m south east from Dive 7 where flow depth was 10.5 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of eighteen live mussels of seven species, including Mapleleaf, Monkeyface, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, Threeridge, Wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-10. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-13. Four 3-mm long zebras were found attached to the 142-mm long Washboard; three 3-mm long zebras to the 132-mm long Washboard; ten 3-mm long zebras to the 148-mm Washboard; one 3-mm long zebra to the 81-mm long Mapleleaf; one 3-mm long zebra to the 74-mm long Mapleleaf; one 3-mm long zebra to the 67-mm Threeridge; and one 3-mm long zebra to the 35-mm Threeridge. It should be noted that more zebras were found in elder mussels, particularly in Washboard. The age of these mussels ranged from 3 to 9 years. The substrate material was sand and silt. This could also be an excellent candidate site for Higgins eye relocations because of the excellent substrate and the diversity in species.

Photo 2-13 Eighteen live mussels collected in Dive 8

28

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

#6

L (m

m)

#6

Yrs








Lampsilis higginsi HIGGINS' EYE E E E EToxolasma parvus LILLIPUT

Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 3 81 8 80 9 74 8

Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE T 1 40 4







Tritogonia verrucosa PISTOLGRIP (BUCKHORN) T ELampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK


Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 3 52 4 40 4 43 5

Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 6 85 6 80 5 86 7 67 6 42 4 35 3


Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 3 142 8 132 9 148 9



187

Note: d = 10.5 ftCloudy/Not recorded

Dive 8

4589372N

Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Ed Walsh, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Eric Giebelstein, Steve Johnson, Tatsuaki Nakato

Dive Quadrats Photos


sand/silt STATUS

Common Name

YES for mussel group

3:39:00 PM (5-min. dive)12-Sep-06

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 2006

#, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Personnel

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing676209E


29

11. Dive 9 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676245E/4589311N) This site, shown as D9 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 71 m south east from Dive 8 where flow depth was 13.2 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of only two live mussels of one species which was Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-11. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-14. Three 3-mm long zebras were found attached to the 81-mm long Threeridge. The ages of these mussels were 4 and 9 years, respectively. The substrate material was sand and gravel. It should be noted that despite the excellent substrate material only a few live mussels were found at this site. It could be due to large flow depth (13.2 ft) at this site as compared to Dive 7 (depth: 9.3 ft) and Dive 8 (depth: 10.5 ft).

Photo 2-14 Two live mussels collected in Dive 9

30

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs





















Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 2 81 9 42 4




21



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





31

12. Dive 10 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676301E/4589473N) This site, shown as D10 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 134 m north east from Dive 7 where flow depth was 9.6 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of six live mussels of four species, including Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-12. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-15. Five 3-mm long zebras were found attached to the 136-mm long Washboard and none was found in the rest of the mussels. The age of these mussels ranged from 4 to 9 years. The two Washboard mussels were both 9-years old. The substrate material was sand and gravel.

Photo 2-15 Six live mussels collected in Dive 10

32

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs






















Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK TMegalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 2 136 9 134 9



64



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded


LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200613-Sep-0610:30 A.M. (5-min. dive)

Personnel Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Steve Johnson, Nicole McVay, Melanie Alexander, Tatsuaki Nakato


33

13. Dive 11 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676348E/4589415N) This site, shown as D11 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 75 m south east from Dive 10 where flow depth was 11.7 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of eight live mussels of four species, including Mapleleaf, Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, and Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-13. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-16. Three 5-mm long zebras were found attached to the 58-mm long Pimpleback; one 5-mm long zebra to the 28-mm long Pimpleback; two 3-mm long zebras to the Mapleleaf; one 4-mm long zebra to the 38-mm long Threeridge; one 2-mm-long zebra to the 24-mm long Threeridge; and two 3-mm long zebras to the 17-mm long Threeridge. The age of these mussels ranged from 2 to 5 years. In particular, the Threeridge mussels were juveniles (two were 2-years old and the other two were 3-years and 4-years old). The substrate material was sand and gravel.

Photo 2-16 Eight live mussels collected in Dive 11

34

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs





















Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 4 38 4 24 3 22 2 17 2




84



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





35

14. Dive 12 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676441E/4589463N) This site, shown as D12 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 105 m north east from Dive 11 where flow depth was 11.3 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of six live mussels of three species, including Hickorynut, Pimpleback, and Threehorn wartyback, as listed in Table 2-14. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-17. Two 4-mm long zebras were found attached to the 18-mm long Pimpleback; one 4-mm long zebra to the 24-mm long Hickorynut; and two 3-mm long zebras to the 31-mm long Hickorynut. The age of these mussels ranged from 2 to 6 years. The Pimpleback was 2-years old and 18-mm long. The substrate material was sand.

Photo 2-17 Six live mussels collected in Dive 12

36

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























63


sand STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





37

15. Dive 13 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676413E/4589523N) This site, shown as D13 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 66 m north west from Dive 12 where flow depth was 10.0 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of thirteen live mussels of nine species, including Butterfly, Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Mucket, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, Threeridge, Wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-15. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-18. Eleven 3~4-mm long zebras were found attached to the 138-mm long Washboard; one 4-mm long zebra to the 65-mm long Mapleleaf; two 4-mm long zebras to the 48-mm long Pimpleback; and one 5-mm long zebra to the 61-mm long Pimpleback. The age of these mussels ranged from 3 to 7 years. The substrate material was sand.

Photo 2-18 Thirteen live mussels collected in Dive 13

38

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

Ligumia recta BLACK SANDSHELL TEllipsaria lineolata BUTTERFLY E T T 1 50 4























Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 1 138 7



139



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





39

16. Dive 14 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676542E/4589650N) This site, shown as D14 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 181 m north east from Dive 13 where flow depth was 8.5 ft. This site was very close to the Iowa shoreline. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of sixteen live mussels of seven species, including, Hickorynut, Monkeyface, Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, Threeridge, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-16. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-19. Zebra mussels were found to be attached only to the Washboard at this site - six 3~4-mm long zebras were attached to the 140-mm long Washboard; five 3~4-mm long zebras to the 145-mm long Washboard; five 3~4-mm long zebras to the 139-mm long Washboard; and seven 3~4-mm long zebras to the 127-mm long Washboard. The age of these mussels ranged from 2 to 8 years. The ages of those five Pimpleback mussels were 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8 years. All the four Washboard mussels were 8 years old. The substrate material was sandy silt.

Photo 2-19 Sixteen live mussels collected in Dive 14

40

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs














Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 3 70 5 65 7 54 7

Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 5 60 7 51 6 51 8 25 2 30 3











167


sandy silt STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





41

17. Dive 15 (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676566E/4589591N) This site, shown as D15 in Figure 1-2, was located approximately 64 m south east from Dive 14 where flow depth was 8.6 ft. A 5-min. dive yielded a collection of five live mussels of three species, including, Pimpleback, Threeridge, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-17. The mussels collected are shown in Photo 2-20. One 3-mm long zebra mussel was found attached to the 50-mm Pimpleback. The age of these mussels ranged from 3 to 7 years. The substrate material was sand.

Photo 2-20 Five live mussels collected in Dive 15

42

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























53



Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





43

During the mussel surveys, five quadrat samples (Q1 through Q5) were collected by divers using 0.5-m by 0.5-m square samplers in order to evaluate both the live mussel population density and the density of the zebra mussel population in the substrate. Each sample was spread evenly and divided into four quadrants. Individual live mussels in each quadrant were identified and any zebra mussels attached were recorded. Furthermore, dead mussel shells in each quadrant were classified as “recently dead: RD” and “weathered dead: WD.” Lengths of live zebra mussels that were not attached to live freshwater mussels were also measured. 18. Quadrat 1-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) This site, shown as Q1 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 6, where flow depth was 8.3 ft. A quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 1-A was the first quadrant sample which had neither live mussels nor dead shells, as shown in Table 2-18. The substrate material was not recorded. 19. Quadrat 1-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) This site, shown as Q1 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 6, where flow depth was 8.3 ft. A quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 1-B was the second quadrant sample which had three live mussels, including Mapleleaf and Threehorn wartyback mussels, as listed in Table 2-19. No live zebra mussels were found attached to the live mussels. There was one Fragile papershell (half shell) found in this sample. The substrate material was not recorded. 20. Quadrat 1-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) This site, shown as Q1 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 6, where flow depth was 8.3 ft. A quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 1-C was the third quadrant sample which had two live mussels, including Mapleleaf and Monkeyface mussels, as listed in Table 2-20. One 3-mm long live zebra mussel was found attached to the 56-mm long Mapleleaf. There were four dead shells, including a full Washboard (132-mm long and 8-years old), one Fragile papershell (half shell, 110-mm long), one Pimpleback (2-years old and 61-mm long: RD), and Fragile papershell (half shell, 60-mm long: WD). The substrate material was not recorded.

44

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























00

Note: No live Zebs were found


Not recoded STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosQuadrat 1-A No Photos

Cloudy/Not recorded

UTM Coordinates Easting Northing Note: d = 8.3 ft -- 0.25 sq m Quadrats676567E 4589650N

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 200613-Sep-061:25 P.M. (15-min. dive)

Personnel Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Steve Johnson, Nicole McVay, Tatsuaki Nakato

Table 2-18 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-A

45

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























32




Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosQuadrat 1-B No Photos

Cloudy/Not recorded




Table 2-19 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-B

46

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs


























22




Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosQuadrat 1-C No Photos

Cloudy/Not recorded




Table 2-20 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-C

47

21. Quadrat 1-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676567E/4589650N) This site, shown as Q1 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 6, where flow depth was 8.3 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 1-D was the forth quadrant sample which had three live mussels, including Hickorynut and Mapleleaf mussels, as listed in Table 2-21. There was no live zebra mussel attached to the live mussels. However, Quadrat 1-D sample found four live zebra mussels whose sizes were 5-mm, 5-mm, 13-mm, and 13-mm long. There were two dead shells, including a full Hickorynut (4-years old and 56-mm long: RD) and a full Mapleleaf (4-years old and 45-mm long: RD). The substrate material was not recorded. 22. Quadrat 2-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) This site, shown as Q2 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 4, where flow depth was 9.4 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by an 18-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 2-A was the first quadrant sample which had four live mussels, including Hickorynut, Pimpleback, and Threehorn wartyback mussels, as listed in Table 2-22. There was no live zebra mussel attached to the live mussels. There were eight dead shells, including Butterfly, Deertoe, Fragile papershell, Hickorynut, Threehorn wartyback, Wabash pigtoe, Wartyback, and Washboard. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 23. Quadrat 2-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) This site, shown as Q2 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 4, where flow depth was 9.4 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by an 18-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 2-B was the second quadrant sample which had seven live mussels, including Mucket, Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Threeridge mussels, as listed in Table 2-23. There was no live zebra mussel attached to the live mussels; however, there was one live zebra mussel found in this quadrant which was 18-mm long. There were eight dead shells, including Butterfly, Black sandshell, Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Pink heelsplitter, Washboard, and White heelsplitter. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded.

48

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























32

Note: Four live Zebs were found -- 13 mm/13 mm/8 mm/5 mm



Common Name

Dive Quadrats PhotosQuadrat 1-D No Photos

Cloudy/Not recorded




Table 2-21 Size and age distributions of live mussels collected in Quadrat 1-D

49

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs

























43




Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





50

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

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#3

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#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs













Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 2 70 8 58 6












75




Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





51

24. Quadrat 2-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) This site, shown as Q2 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 4, where flow depth was 9.4 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by an 18-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 2-D was the third quadrant sample which had ten live mussels, including Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Threeridge mussels, as listed in Table 2-24. One 3-mm long zebra mussel was found attached to the 40-mm long Pimpleback; and one 3-mm long zebra to the 31-mm long Threehorn wartyback. There were eight dead mussel species, including Butterfly, Black sandshell, Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Monkeyface, Threeridge, Wartyback, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 25. Quadrat 2-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N) This site, shown as Q2 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 4, where flow depth was 9.4 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by an 18-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 2-D was the forth quadrant sample which had five live mussels, including Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Washboard mussels, as listed in Table 2-25. Two 3-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 45-mm long Threehorn wartyback. There were eight dead mussel species, including Butterfly, Black sandshell, Hickorynut, Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Threeridge, Pink heelsplitter, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 26. Quadrat 3-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) This site, shown as Q3 in Figure 1-2, was located along Sec 5, where flow depth was 9.7 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 3-A was the first quadrant sample which had seven live mussels, including Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, and Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-26. Three 5-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 62-mm long Pimpleback and two 4-mm long zebra mussels attached to the Threeridge. There were nine dead mussel species, including Butterfly, Black sandshell, Hickorynut, Wabash pigtoe, Pimpleback, Three horn wartyback, Threeridge, Pink heelsplitter, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand and gravels with some silt on top.

52

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs














Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 4 56 5 52 6 52 6 40 5











103




Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





53

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

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Num

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#1

L (m

m)

#1

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#2

L (m

m)

#2

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#3

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#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

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#5

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m)

#5

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54




Common Name


Cloudy/Not recorded





54

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

M)

#3

Yrs

#4

L (m

m)

#4

Yrs

#5

L (m

m)

#5

Yrs














Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 3 62 7 37 4 27 3











73



Personnel Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Steve Johnson, Nicole McVay, Tatsuaki NakatoCloudy/Not recorded




sand/gravel w/silt on top STATUS #, Length (mm) & Age (yrs)

Common Name


55

27. Quadrat 3-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) This site, shown as Q3 in Figure 1-2, was located along Sec 5, where flow depth was 9.7 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 3-B was the second quadrant sample which had seven live mussels, including Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, and Threehorn wartyback, as listed in Table 2-27. Four 5-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 23-mm long Pimpleback and two 5-mm long zebra mussels attached to the other 23-mm long Pimpleback. There were five dead mussel species, including Fragile papershell, Hickorynut, Giant floater, Threeridge, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand and gravels with some silt on top. 28. Quadrat 3-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) This site, shown as Q3 in Figure 1-2, was located along Sec 5, where flow depth was 9.7 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 3-B was the third quadrant sample which had six live mussels, including Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threeridge, Wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-28. Two 3-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 138-mm long Washboard and one 3-mm long zebra mussel attached to the 30-mm long Pimpleback. There were six dead mussel species, including Butterfly, Hickorynut, Giant floater, Threeridge, Washboard, and White heelsplitter, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand and gravels with some silt on top. 29. Quadrat 3-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N) This site, shown as Q3 in Figure 1-2, was located along Sec 5, where flow depth was 9.7 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 3-D was the forth quadrant sample which had eleven live mussels, including Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threeridge, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-29. Three 2-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 130-mm long Washboard and four 2-mm long zebra mussels attached to the 88-mm long Threeridge. There were six dead mussel species, including Black sandshell, Giant floater, Pink heelsplitter, Rock pocketbook (Arcidens confragosus), Threeridge, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs except for Black sandshell noted as RD. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand and gravels with some silt on top.

56

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

WI

IL IA

Num

ber

#1

L (m

m)

#1

Yrs

#2

L (m

m)

#2

Yrs

#3

L (M

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#3

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#4

L (m

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#4

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#5

L (m

m)

#5

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74








Common Name


57

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

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Num

ber

#1

L (m

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#1

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#2

L (m

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#2

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#3

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#4

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#5

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#5

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Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 1 138 9



65








Common Name


58

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

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#1

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#1

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#2

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#2

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#3

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#4

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m)

#5

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Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK TMegalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 3 130 7 75 5 93 6



115








Common Name


59

30. Quadrat 4-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) This site, shown as Q4 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 5 about 24 m southeast from Quadrat 2, where flow depth was 11.8 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 10-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 4-A was the first quadrant sample which had only one live Wabash pigtoe, as shown in Table 2-30, which was not infested by zebra mussels. There were four dead mussel species, including Fragile papershell, Pimpleback, Pink heelsplitter, and Threeridge, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand. 31. Quadrat 4-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) This site, shown as Q4 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 5 about 24 m southeast from Quadrat 2, where flow depth was 11.8 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 10-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 4-B was the second quadrant sample which had no live mussel, as indicated in Table 2-31. There was one dead Pimpleback which was noted as RD. Neither its length nor its age was recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand. 32. Quadrat 4-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) This site, shown as Q4 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 5 about 24 m southeast from Quadrat 2, where flow depth was 11.8 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 10-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 4-C was the third quadrant sample which had three live mussels, including Pimpleback, Plain pocketbook, and Threehorn wartyback, as shown in Table 2-32. Two 3-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the Threehorn wartyback. There were two dead mussel species, including Pimpleback and Threeridge, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material consisted of sand. 33. Quadrat 4-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676343E/4589456N) This site, shown as Q4 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 5 about 24 m southeast from Quadrat 2, where flow depth was 11.8 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 10-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 4-D was the fourth quadrant sample which had three live mussels, including Deertoe, Monkeyface, and Threehorn wartyback, as shown in Table 2-33. One 3-mm long zebra mussel was found attached to the Monkeyface. There were no dead mussel species in this sample. The substrate material consisted of sand.

60

LocationDateTime



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FED

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Num

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#1

L (m

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#1

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#2

L (m

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#2

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11








Common Name


61

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

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Num

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#1

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#1

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L (m

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#2

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#3

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#3

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#4

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00








Common Name


62

LocationDateTime



SPECIES

FED

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Num

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#1

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#1

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L (m

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#2

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33








Common Name


63

LocationDateTime



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Num

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#1

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#1

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#5

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Ligumia recta BLACK SANDSHELL TEllipsaria lineolata BUTTERFLY E T TTruncilla truncata DEERTOE 1 27 2

























33








Common Name


64

34. Quadrat 5-A (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) This site, shown as Q5 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 3, where flow depth was 9.5 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 5-A was the first quadrant sample which had eight live mussels, including Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-34. One 3-mm long zebra mussel was found attached to the 78-mm long Mapleleaf. There were six dead mussel species, including Butterfly, Giant floater, Pimpleback, Threeridge, Wabash pigtoe, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 35. Quadrat 5-B (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) This site, shown as Q5 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 3, where flow depth was 9.5 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 5-B was the second quadrant sample which had eight live mussels, including Hickorynut, Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-35. Three 3-mm long zebra mussels were found attached to the 50-mm long Threehorn wartyback. There were six dead mussel species, including Fawnsfoot, Fragile papershell, Mapleleaf, Plain pocketbook, Threeridge, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 36. Quadrat 5-C (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) This site, shown as Q5 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 3, where flow depth was 9.5 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 5-C was the third quadrant sample which had nine live mussels, including Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, and Threeridge, as listed in Table 2-36. No live zebra mussels were found attached to these live mussels. There were four dead mussel species, including Hickorynut, Threeridge, Wabash pigtoe, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded. 37. Quadrat 5-D (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N) This site, shown as Q5 in Figure 1-2, was located near Sec 3, where flow depth was 9.5 ft. A Quadrat sample was obtained by a 15-min. dive which was divided into four quadrants. Quadrat 5-D was the forth quadrant sample which had fivee live mussels, including Mapleleaf, Pimpleback, and Washboard, as listed in Table 2-37. Two 3-mm long live zebra mussels were found attached to the 83-mm long Mapleleaf, and two 3-mm long live zebra mussels attached to the 20-mm long Pimpleback. There were six dead mussel species, including Hickorynut, Giant floater, Pimpleback, Threehorn wartyback, Wabash pigtoe, and Washboard, which were all noted as WDs. Neither their lengths nor ages were recorded. The substrate material was not recorded.

65

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Num

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#1

L (m

m)

#1

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#2

L (m

m)

#2

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#3

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#3

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#4

L (m

m)

#4

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#5

L (m

m)

#5

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85



Personnel Bob Schanzle, Rich Lewis, Bernard Schonhoff, Jon Christensen, Eric Giebelstein, Steve Johnson, Nicole McVay, Tatsuaki NakatoCloudy/Not recorded





Common Name


66

LocationDateTime



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FED

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#1

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m)

#1

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#4

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m)

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m)

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Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 4 50 4 40 4 16 1 16 1





85








Common Name


67

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Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 4 45 4 47 4 40 2 40 3





94








Common Name


68

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53








Common Name


69

38. Muskrat Midden Site (UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676418E/4589598N) During the mussel surveys on 12 and 13 September 2006, a muskrat midden was discovered on the Iowa shore between Sec 5 and Sec 6 (see Figure 1-3). The authors of this report visited the midden site on 14 September 2006 to find out the number of mussel species in the midden. We found seventeen species of freshwater mussels that are listed in Table 2-38. The shells collected in the midden are shown in Photo 2-21. Only three species in this list, Round pigtoe (Pleurobema coccineum), Slough sandshell (Lampsilis teres teres) and Yellow sandshell (Lampsilis teres anodontoides) were not found in the river mussel surveys which are described in Section 1 through Section 37. Although five Muckets (Actinonaias ligamentina) were found in the river surveys, no Mucket was found in the midden.

DateLocation

UTM (NAD 27)NO. Species Common Name

1 Lampsilis teres teres Slough sandshell2 Lampsilis teres anodontoides Yellow sandshell3 Lampsilis cardium Plain pocketbook4 Pyganodon grandis Giant floater5 Amblema plicata Threeridge6 Ellipsaria lineolata Butterfly7 Fusconaia flava Wabash pigtoe8 Leptodea fragilis Fragile papershell9 Megalonaias nervosa Washboard

10 Obliquaria reflexa Threehorn wartyback11 Obovaria olivaria Hickorynut12 Pleurobema coccineum Round pigtoe13 Quadrula nodulata Wartyback14 Quadrula pustulosa Pimpleback15 Quadrula quadrula Mapleleaf16 Quadrula metanevra Monkeyface17 Truncilla truncata Deertoe

15676418E/4589598NMississippi River: Pool 16 Right Bank

14-Sep-06

Table 2-38 List of mussel species found on 14 September 2006 at a muskrat midden located just upstream from Quadrat 3 site on the right bank of the Mississippi River

70

Photo 2-21 Seventeen different dead mussel shells found in a muskrat midden in Fairport (UTM Datum, NAD 27, Zone 15: 676418E/4589598N)

71

III. SUMMARY OF OVERALL SURVEY RESULTS The overall results of the present mussel surveys can be summarized as follows:

1. Sixteen different live freshwater mussel species were found in the mussel survey area along the right bank of the Mississippi River near Fairport, extending riverward approximately 160 m from the Iowa shoreline and encompassing streamwise approximately 800 m (see Figure 1-2).

2. Seventeen freshwater mussel species were identified in a muskrat midden located on the Iowa shoreline, approximately 150 m downstream from the upstream-most survey boundary (see Figure 1-2 and Photo 2-21). Only three species, Round pigtoe (Pleurobema coccineum), Slough sandshell (Lampsilis teres teres) and Yellow sandshell (Lampsilis teres anodontoides) were not found live in the river mussel surveys. Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina), five of which were found in the river surveys, was not found in the midden. It is believed that those adult Mucket mussels are large and difficult to be harvested by muskrats.

3. The river mussel surveys, including two pollywogs, fifteen dives, and five quadrats, yielded a total of 253 live mussels. The number of live mussels collected at each survey site is shown in Table 3-1.

4. The most common species found was Threeridge (Amblema plicata: 17.8%) followed by Pimpleback (Quadrula pustulosa: 17.4%), Threehorn wartyback (Obliquaria reflexa: 15.8%), Washboard (Megalonaias nervosa: 12.3%), and Mapleleaf (Quadrula quadrula: 12.3%). Frequencies of the other eleven species were less than 6.3%, as can be seen in Table 3-1. The frequency and percentage distributions of the live mussel species identified in the surveys are shown in Figures 3-1 and 3-2, respectively.

5. Age counts of the 253 live mussels sampled were obtained, as shown in Table 3-2, and their distribution is shown in Figure 3-3, in which individual percentage occurrences are also included. The highest age count occurred at age four (55 counts), followed by age six (43 counts) and age five (40 counts). An age group between 4-yrs old and 6-yrs old occupied 54.5% of the total population; that between 3-yrs old and 7-yrs old 78.2%; that between 2-yrs old and 9-yrs old 97.5%; and that between 1-yr old and 10-yrs old 99.6%.

6. The youngest, 1-yr old, live mussels were found at Q3 (one Threehorn wartyback (Obliquaria reflexa)) and at Q5 (two Threehorn wartybacks (Obliquaria reflexa)). The oldest live mussel was found in Dive-1, which was a 14-yr old Plain pocketbook (Lampsilis cardium). The peak age of 4-yrs old indicates that river hydraulic conditions and host-fish populations for the sixteen mussel species found were very favorable to the mussel reproduction in 2002. A lack of older mussels in the samples makes us speculate that zebra mussels could have had something to do with it. River stage records near Fairport, Iowa at River Mile 463.5 that were available from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Rock Island District web site were downloaded and plotted in Figure 3-4. Extended spring floods occurred in

72

Pool 16 in 2002. However, it is extremely difficult to relate simply these flood events to the high mussel production because spring floods occur on an annual basis.

7. Rather high live-mussel population densities were observed at three Quadrats, Q2, Q3, and Q5, which were 26, 31, and 30 in 1 m2, respectively, as shown in Table 3-3. Flow depths at these three Quadrat sites were very similar, and were 9.4 ft, 9.7 ft, and 9.5 ft, respectively. The average flow depth at these three sites was 9.53 ft. This flow depth corresponded to a river-bed elevation of 535.32 ft above mean sea level (MSL 1912) or 163.17 m above MSL. Population densities at Q1 and Q4 were only 8 mussels/m2 and 7 mussels/m2, respectively, and the flow depths were 8.3 ft and 11.8 ft, respectively. The river stage was very stable during the surveys and the water-surface elevation was 544.85 ft above MSL or 166.07 m above MSL.

8. Either of Quadrat sites, Q2, Q3, and Q5, would be an ideal site for relocating Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) mussels because of the high population density. Their UTM locations are

Q2: UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676324E/4589471N; Q3: UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676400E/4589532N; and, Q5: UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676218E/4589403N

9. Furthermore, two additional sites, D7 and D8, would be the candidates for

relocating Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) mussels because of the high population density. Their UTM locations are

D7: UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676191E/4589397N; and, D8: UTM: NAD 27 and Zone 15 - 676209E/4589372N

10. It is advised that substrate samples be collected at these sites, Q2, Q3, Q5, D7, and

D8, prior to the relocation to ensure that the river bottom is suitable for young Higgins eye (Lampsilis higginsii) mussels. Fine sediment substrate sites should be avoided.

73

Location

FED

WI

IL IAPo

llyw

og 1

Polly

wog

2Di

ve 1

Dive

2Di

ve 3

Dive

4Di

ve 5

Dive

6Di

ve 7

Dive

8Di

ve 9

Dive

10

Dive

11

Dive

12

Dive

13

Dive

14

Dive

15

Qua

drat

1Q

uadr

at 2

Qua

drat

3Q

uadr

at 4

Qua

drat

5

Tota

l

%

Ligumia recta/ BLACK SANDSHELL T 1 1 2 0.8Ellipsaria lineolata/ BUTTERFLY E T T 2 1 1 4 1.6Truncilla truncata/ DEERTOE 1 1 0.4Pyganodon grandis/ GIANT FLOATER 1 1 0.4Obovaria olivaria/ HICKORYNUT 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 16 6.3Quadrula quadrula/ MAPLELEAF 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 5 7 6 31 12.3Quadrula metanevra/ MONKEYFACE T 2 2 1 1 1 1 8 3.2Actinonaias ligamentina/ MUCKET 2 1 1 1 1 6 2.4Fusconaia flava/ PIGTOE, WABASH 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 12 4.7Quadrula pustulosa/ PIMPLEBACK 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 5 2 8 10 1 6 44 17.4Lampsilis cardium/ POCKETBOOK 2 1 2 1 1 7 2.8Strophitus undulatus/ SQUAWFOOT 1 1 0.4Obliquaria reflexa/ THREEHORN 1 4 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 8 1 2 10 40 15.8Amblema plicata/ THREERIDGE 3 4 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 2 1 2 4 5 4 45 17.8Quadrula nodulata/ WARTYBACK T 1 1 1 1 4 1.6Megalonaias nervosa/ WASHBOARD 1 4 3 4 1 3 2 1 4 1 1 4 2 31 12.3

9 5 7 10 14 9 2 10 11 18 2 6 8 6 13 16 5 8 26 31 7 30 253 100.0

5 2 5 5 8 5 2 6 8 7 1 4 4 3 9 7 3 4 7 7 6 6 16

San

d/G

rave

l/Cob

ble

San

d/G

rave

l/Cob

ble

Not r

ecor

ded

Not r

ecor

ded

San

d/G

rave

l/Cob

ble

San

d/G

rave

l/Cob

ble

Not r

ecor

ded

Silt

/Cla

ySa

nd/G

rave

lS

and/

Silt

Sand

/Gra

vel

Sand

/Gra

vel

Sand

/Gra

vel

Sand

Sand

/Gra

vel

Sand

y S

iltSa

ndNo

t rec

orde

dNo

t rec

orde

dS

and/

Gra

vel w

ith S

ilt o

n To

pSa

ndNo

t rec

orde

d

Substrate Material

SPECEIS/Common Name

LACMRERS Mussel Survey Data SheetMississippi River Fairport Site (Approximately RM 463.5~464.1) -- 9/12-9/13 2006

TOTAL (Live Mussels)MUSSEL SPECIES

Table 3-1 Summary of live mussels and substrate materials collected

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14P1 0 0 0 3 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P2 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D1 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 1D2 0 0 0 1 1 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0D3 0 0 0 2 4 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D4 0 1 0 1 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0D5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0D6 0 0 3 2 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0D7 0 0 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0D8 0 0 1 4 3 3 1 3 3 0 0 0 0 0D9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

D10 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0D11 0 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D12 0 1 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D13 0 0 1 4 2 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0D14 0 1 2 2 1 1 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0D15 0 0 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Q1 0 0 1 0 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0Q2 0 2 3 3 5 8 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0Q3 1 1 5 8 4 6 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0Q4 0 3 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Q5 2 4 2 11 5 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0

Total 3 16 27 55 40 43 33 18 15 2 0 0 0 1

Age (yrs)Site I.D.

Table 3-2 Summary of age counts of live mussels at individual survey sites

74

ID Species Common Name Number in square meter1 Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 12 Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 53 Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE 14 Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 1

Total 8

ID Species Common Name Number in square meter1 Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 12 Actinonaias ligamentina MUCKET 13 Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 34 Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 85 Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 86 Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 47 Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 1

Total 26

ID Species Common Name Number in square meter1 Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 32 Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 73 Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 104 Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 15 Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 56 Quadrula nodulata WARTYBACK 17 Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 4

Total 31

ID Species Common Name Number in square meter1 Truncilla truncata DEERTOE 12 Quadrula metanevra MONKEYFACE 13 Fusconaia flava PIGTOE, WABASH 14 Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 15 Lampsilis cardium POCKETBOOK 16 Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 2

Total 7

ID Species Common Name Number in square meter1 Obovaria olivaria HICKORYNUT 22 Quadrula quadrula MAPLELEAF 63 Quadrula pustulosa PIMPLEBACK 64 Obliquaria reflexa THREEHORN 105 Amblema plicata THREERIDGE 46 Megalonaias nervosa WASHBOARD 2

Total 30

Quadrat 5 Summary (13 September 2006)





Table 3-3 Summary of live mussels collected by five Quadrat surveys

75

Ligum

ia re

cta/B

LACK

SAN

DSHE

LL

Ellip

saria

lineo

lata/

BUTT

ERFL

Y

Trun

cilla

trunc

ata/

DEER

TOE

Pyga

nodo

n gr

andis

/GIA

NT F

LOAT

ER

Obova

ria o

livar

ia/HI

CKORY

NUT

Quadr

ula qu

adru

la/MAP

LELE

AF

Quadr

ula m

etan

evra

/MONK

EYFA

CE

Actin

onaia

s liga

men

tina/

MUCKE

T

Fusc

onaia

flava

/PIG

TOE,

WAB

ASH

Quadr

ula p

ustu

losa/

PIMPL

EBAC

K

Lam

psilis

card

ium/P

OCKET

BOOK

Stro

phitu

s und

ulatu

s/SQUA

WFO

OT

Obliqu

aria

refle

xa/T

HREE

HORN

Amble

ma

plica

ta/T

HREE

RIDG

E

Quadr

ula n

odula

ta/W

ARTY

BACK

Megalo

naias

ner

vosa

/WAS

HBOAR

D

0

10

20

30

40

50

TOTA

L N

UM

BE

R O

F LI

VE

SP

EC

IES

Total Number of Live Mussels = 253

Figure 3-1 Frequency distribution of sixteen live mussel species

Ligum

ia re

cta/B

LACK

SAN

DSHE

LL

Ellip

saria

lineo

lata/

BUTT

ERFL

Y

Trun

cilla

trunc

ata/

DEER

TOE

Pyga

nodo

n gr

andis

/GIA

NT F

LOAT

ER

Obova

ria o

livar

ia/HI

CKORY

NUT

Quadr

ula qu

adru

la/MAP

LELE

AF

Quadr

ula m

etan

evra

/MONK

EYFA

CE

Actin

onaia

s liga

men

tina/

MUCKE

T

Fusc

onaia

flava

/PIG

TOE,

WAB

ASH

Quadr

ula p

ustu

losa/

PIMPL

EBAC

K

Lam

psilis

card

ium/P

OCKET

BOOK

Stro

phitu

s und

ulatu

s/SQUA

WFO

OT

Obliqu

aria

refle

xa/T

HREE

HORN

Amble

ma

plica

ta/T

HREE

RIDG

E

Quadr

ula n

odula

ta/W

ARTY

BACK

Megalo

naias

ner

vosa

/WAS

HBOAR

D

0

5

10

15

20

PE

RC

EN

TAG

E O

F TO

TAL

LIV

E M

US

SE

LS

Total Number of Live Mussels = 253

Figure 3-2 Percentage distribution of sixteen live mussel species

76

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

10

20

30

40

50

60

0.8% 0%0% 0.4%0%

5.9%7.1%

13.0%

17.0%

15.8%

21.7%

10.7%

6.3%

Num

ber o

f Liv

e M

usse

ls

Age (yrs)

1.2%

Figure 3-3 Age distribution of 253 live mussels

YEAR

RIV

ER S

TAG

E IN

FA

IRPO

RT

IN F

T

5

10

15

20

25

1990 20061992 19961994 20041998 20022000

Flood Stage @ 14.0 ft

Record Flood Stage @ 24.74 ft on 9 July 1993

Gage Zero: 535.16 ft MSL 1942Flat Pool Stage: 9.80 ftGage Located @ RM 463.5

Figure 3-4 Daily Mississippi River stage records near Fairport, Iowa from 1 January 1990 to 30 August 2007 – data source:

http://www2.mvr.usace.army.mil/WaterControl/new/layout.cfm

77

IV. REFERENCES

1. Cummings, K.S., and Mayer, C.A., 1992. “Field guide to freshwater mussels of the Midwest,” Illinois Natural History Survey, Manual 5, 194 pp.

2. Iowa State University, Iowa Geographic Map Server site: http://komodo.gis.iastate.edu/

3. National Geographic, 2002. “IOWA - Seamless U.S.G.S. topographic maps on CD-ROM powered by TOPO!” Version 2.7.5.

4. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Rock Island District web site: http://www2.mvr.usace.army.mil/WaterControl/new/layout.cfm

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