French Revolution

French Revolution

The Moderate Stage to the Radical StageThe Moderate Stage to the Radical Stage

A. Liberte, Equalite, FraterniteA. Liberte, Equalite, Fraternite

• 1.Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen…

• 2.Man is born free and equal

• 3.Free thought and religion• 4.No arrest without due

process• 5.Taxes restructured based

on ability

B. Flight to VarennesB. Flight to Varennes

1.Louis XVI’s brother the leader of the émigré nobles

2. Wanted to reestablish Old Regime (a.k.a. The Ancien Regime)

3. Convinced King to leave France4. June 20, 1791 The King and his family

are captured at Varennes on the Austrian border Oh no, our

plan is not working!

C. 1792-1795…the Radical PhaseC. 1792-1795…the Radical Phase

1. King of Prussia (Frederick II) and August II of Austria (Marie’s brother)

2. Austria and Prussia vow to level Paris if anything happens to Louis and Marie

3. National Assembly declares war first

4. Sans-culottes push for radical action

5. New radical club forms: The Jacobins

Don’t mess

with my sister!

Let’s get radical!

D. September 1792D. September 1792

1. Radicals take control of the National Assembly

2. Abolish monarchy

4. France a now a republic…elected representatives

5. Maximilien Robespierre the political leader…like a dictator

6. Inflation and unemployment

Kill the enemies of

the revolution!

7. Committee for Public Safety forms:

8. Maximilien Robespierre in charge

9. Dictatorial powers for 12 man committee

10. La Marseillaise becomes the new anthem

11. Victory over Prussia and Austria

12. Fear of domestic enemies of the revolution

E. Reign of Terror 1793-1794E. Reign of Terror 1793-17941.Spearheaded by Robespierre

2. Arrest of all persons suspected of treason

3. Death by the guillotine-40,000 executed

4. Churches closed…Notre Dame=The Temple of Reason…secular culture

• “New” Religion of Reason• New calendar…10 day

week…no Sunday “Thermidor”

F. The End of RobespierreF. The End of Robespierre

1. 1794, the French had had enough…

2. Robespierre falls out of favor with his fascination with Religion of Reason

3. Gives speech telling of a new list of enemies

4. Won’t name the names…yet5. Convention gets paranoid6. Robespierre arrested7. He tries to commit suicide8. Then guillotined

G. Recovery Phase 1795-1799G. Recovery Phase 1795-1799

1. Begins with death of Robespierre

2. Moderates regain control of the National Convention

3. Reign of Terror over in 1794

4. The 5 Man Directory (oligarchy) is created

5. The French are in need of a strong leader

H. No problem, we have one right hereH. No problem, we have one right here

• Napoleon Bonaparte• A military hero of the

revolution…• He led French troops

against Austria and Prussia!

• He’s not that short