French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010...
Transcript of French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010...
OXFORD
The 27th of January 2010
French Contribu;ons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s
Valérie Schafer,
Paris Sorbonne
The Cyclades and Transpac networks
The French Contribu;on in a World of Innova;on
Two projects
• Between 1971 and 1979 at IRIA • Innova;ons in Open Systems Interconnec;on and Packet Switching Networks Cyclades
• Opened in 1978 • Built at Cnet and CCETT by Telecommunica;ons carriers
• Main supporter of the Minitel in the 80s
Transpac
1st part • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel
A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks
B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel
The man who did not invent
Internet Le Monde August 2006
1st part • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel
A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks
B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel
Plan Calcul
1966
Computer Policy
De Gaulle
CII
Na;onal manufacturer
(IRIS 80, Mitra 15…)
IRIA
Ins;tute for research in computer science
and control
1966 Plan Calcul: Birth of the CII
and the IRIA
1971: Launch of
the Cyclades project
1979: End of Cyclades
Packet switching networks
Paul Baran
1960‐1962 Rand Corpora;on
Léonard Kleinrock
1961 MIT
Donald Davies
1968 NPL
Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks
Birth in 1971 at the IRIA
In the context of the Plan Calcul
A Packet switching network
An open network
Arpanet and Cyclades
Reac;on: crea;on of an open network
Proprietary networking architecture: SNA by IBM in
1974
1st part • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel
A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks
B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel
The French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel
Monopoly
1978 : Transpac
A Packet switching network
Virtual circuits vs datagrams
Transpac supported the Minitel traffic
Packet switching networks
Virtual circuits
Packets of the same message follow
themselves on the same circuit
Datagrams
adapta;ve rou;ng
packets take different ways according to the availability of the lines
2nd part • Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community
A • The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN and Euronet
B • Knowledge transfers
D • Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »
E • Standardiza;on : OSI and X25
The French par;cipa;on in EIN
EIN (European Informa;cs Network)
Close to Cyclades, datagrams
In the framework of Cost 11
Leader: Derek
Barber from NPL
Equipments: Mitra 15 from CII,
consor;um Sesa ‐ Logica
Cost 22‐ Catch 11
The French par;cipa;on in Euronet
Euronet
Virtual circuits and
X25 Protocol
In the framework of the
European Economical Community
Leader: European
PTT
2nd part • Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community
A • The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN and Euronet
B • Knowledge transfers
D • Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »
E • Standardiza;on : OSI and X25
Cyclades and Arpanet
Rela;ons with
Arpanet
Consul;ng contract with BBN
Gérard Le Lann at Stanford
INWG
Visits
Never connected
2nd part • Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community
A • The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN and Euronet
B • Knowledge transfers
D • Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »
E • Standardiza;on : OSI and X25
Open Systems Interconnec;on
http://www.teach-ict.com/as_a2/topics/osi_and_standards/osi/images/osi-model.jpg