French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010...

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OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribu;ons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer, Paris Sorbonne The Cyclades and Transpac networks The French Contribu;on in a World of Innova;on

Transcript of French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010...

Page 1: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

OXFORD 

The 27th of January 2010 

French Contribu;ons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s 

 Valérie Schafer, 

Paris Sorbonne 

The Cyclades and Transpac networks 

The French Contribu;on in a World of Innova;on 

Page 2: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

Two projects 

•  Between 1971 and 1979 at IRIA  •  Innova;ons in Open Systems Interconnec;on and Packet Switching Networks Cyclades 

•  Opened in 1978 •  Built at Cnet and CCETT by Telecommunica;ons carriers  

• Main supporter of the Minitel in the 80s 

Transpac  

Page 3: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

1st part     • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel 

A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks  

B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel  

Page 4: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

The man who did not invent 

Internet Le Monde August 2006

Page 5: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

1st part     • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel 

A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks  

B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel  

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Plan Calcul 

1966 

Computer Policy 

 De Gaulle 

CII  

Na;onal manufacturer  

(IRIS 80, Mitra 15…) 

IRIA 

 Ins;tute for research in computer science 

and control 

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1966 Plan Calcul: Birth of the CII 

and the IRIA   

1971: Launch of 

the Cyclades project  

1979: End of Cyclades  

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Packet switching networks 

Paul Baran 

1960‐1962   Rand Corpora;on 

Léonard Kleinrock 

1961  MIT 

Donald Davies 

1968  NPL 

Page 9: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks  

Birth in 1971 at the IRIA  

In the context of the Plan Calcul 

A Packet switching network  

An open network  

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Arpanet and Cyclades  

Reac;on:  crea;on of an open network 

Proprietary networking architecture: SNA by IBM in 

1974 

Page 11: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

1st part     • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but the Minitel 

A • Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks  

B • The choice of the French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel  

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The French telecommunica;ons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel 

Monopoly  

1978 : Transpac  

A Packet switching network  

Virtual circuits vs datagrams  

Transpac supported the Minitel traffic 

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Packet switching networks  

Virtual circuits  

Packets of the same message follow 

themselves on the same circuit 

Datagrams 

adapta;ve rou;ng  

packets take different ways according to the availability of the lines 

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2nd part  •  Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community 

A •  The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN  and Euronet 

B •  Knowledge transfers  

D •  Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »  

E •  Standardiza;on : OSI and X25 

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The French par;cipa;on in EIN 

 EIN (European Informa;cs Network) 

Close to Cyclades, datagrams 

In the framework of Cost 11 

Leader: Derek 

Barber from NPL   

Equipments: Mitra 15 from CII, 

consor;um Sesa ‐ Logica 

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Cost 22‐ Catch 11 

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The French par;cipa;on in Euronet 

Euronet 

Virtual circuits and 

X25 Protocol 

In the framework of the 

European Economical Community  

Leader: European 

PTT 

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2nd part  •  Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community 

A •  The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN  and Euronet 

B •  Knowledge transfers  

D •  Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »  

E •  Standardiza;on : OSI and X25 

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Cyclades and Arpanet 

Rela;ons with 

Arpanet 

Consul;ng contract with BBN 

Gérard Le Lann at Stanford  

INWG 

Visits 

Never connected 

Page 20: French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the ... · OXFORD The 27th of January 2010 French Contribuons in Data Networks from the 70s to the end of the 80s Valérie Schafer,

2nd part  •  Different ways of contribu;ons in an Interna;onal networking research community 

A •  The par;cipa;on in two European networks : EIN  and Euronet 

B •  Knowledge transfers  

D •  Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams »  

E •  Standardiza;on : OSI and X25 

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Open Systems Interconnec;on 

http://www.teach-ict.com/as_a2/topics/osi_and_standards/osi/images/osi-model.jpg