Free electron laser activities at Shanghai...Free electron laser activities at Shanghai Haixiao Deng...
Transcript of Free electron laser activities at Shanghai...Free electron laser activities at Shanghai Haixiao Deng...
Free electron laser activities at Shanghai
Haixiao Deng (鄧海嘯), On behalf of FEL team Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP)
KEK, Japan 2014.03.06
About SINAP
Past, Present and Plan of SDUV-FEL
future FEL facilities at Shanghai
1. About SINAP
Introduction of SINAP
1. About SINAP
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP)
National institute affiliated Chinese Academy of Science
About 1200 staff and 350 graduated students
Two campus: SINAP (old) and SSRF (new)
Introduction of SINAP
2014/3/6
Advanced Photon
Science Center
based on SSRF
Research Center
based on Nuclear
Energy & Nuclear
Technology
Jiading
Zhangjiang
1. About SINAP
Introduction of SINAP
Type Beam energy Status
SSRF User facility 3.5GeV In operation
THz User facility 20~30MeV In operation
SPTF User facility 70~250MeV Under construction
SDUV-FEL Test facility 130~183MeV In operation
SXFEL Test/User facility 0.84~1.3GeV Under construction
HXFEL User facility 6GeV Proposal
1. About SINAP
Accelerators in SINAP
LCLS@SLAC
First lasing 2009
European XFEL Facility
SACLA@Spring-8
First lasing 2011
PAL X-ray FEL Facility
Worldwide hard X-ray FEL facilities (SASE)
2. Free electron lasers
LCLS@SLAC
Self-seeding
Seeded FEL facilities
sFLASH@DESY
HHG direct-seeding
FERMI@elettra
HGHG
Cascaded HGHG
SCSS@spring-8
HHG direct-seeding
SPARC@LNF
HHG seeding
NLCTA@SLAC
EEHG
SDUV@sinap
HGHG
EEHG
Cascaded HGHG
DELTA@TU
CHG
2. Free electron lasers
Soft X-ray FEL
SDUV-FEL Test Facility
Hard X-ray FEL
2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2014 2010
Roadmap of Shanghai FELs
EEHG HGHG Crossed Undulator
Desi. Operation
R&Ds Operation
100
10
0.1
nm
Cons. Comm. Beamline
Construction Comm.
2. Free electron lasers
Why FEL R&D?
Seeded FELs with Full Coherence are the next Frontier
Narrower bandwidth, stable pulse form
FEL efficiency is greatly enhanced with a tapered undulator
Smaller, cheaper
Harmonic lasing scheme
Advanced cathodes and guns
Emittance exchange/conditioning
C/X band structure, LPA based TTFEL, Seeding……
Ultrafast techniques and instrumentations to fully utilize XFELs
Average brightness enhancement
Special source and polarization are highly designable
……
2. Free electron lasers
HGHG & cascaded HGHG
Phys. Rev. ST-AB
16, 020704 (2013)
Crossed-undulator demonstration
Phys. Rev. ST-AB
17, 020704 (2014)
First lasing of EEHG-FEL
Nature Photonics
6, 360 (2012)
FEL Physics & Novel ideas
Phys. Rev. Lett.
111, 084801 (2013)
SDUV-FEL
DCLS、SXFEL、XFEL
2. Free electron lasers
SDUV-FEL Program
Shanghai Deep-UltraViolet Free-Electron Laser (SDUV-FEL)
started as an 262 nm SASE / 88 nm HGHG FEL test setup
around 2000.
Funding partially supported by
Chinese Academy of Sciences / CAS
Ministry of Science and Technology of China / MOST
National Natural Science Foundation of China / NSFC
Collaborating between USTC, IHEP, THUB and SINAP
Be a test bed for the key technologies for XFELs
3. About SDUV-FEL
SDUV-FEL Experiment Hall
SDUV-FEL
3. About SDUV-FEL
100~150MeV
4~5mm.mrad
200pC……
LINAC commissioning of SDUV-FEL
3. About SDUV-FEL
• Laser pulse: 8ps (FWHM)
• Electron beam: ~10ps
• Timing jitter is NOT an issue
• Injection with small angle is OK.
Beam and laser overlap at SDUV-FEL
3. About SDUV-FEL
History of SDUV-FEL experiments
2009.04-08: Linac commissioning after energy upgrade
2009.09-12: SASE lasing
2010.01-03: Seeded FEL Installations
2010.05.17: HGHG signal
2010.05.22: Echo signal (`double-peak’)
2010.12: HGHG saturation
2011.04: EEHG-FEL lasing
2011.07-08: Cascaded HGHG experiments begin
2011.12: HGHG tunability
2012.04: Cascaded HGHG signal
2013.05-06: Installation for high harmonics EEHG and polarization control
2013.08: EEHG@10th harmonic
2013.11: Crossed–planar undulator polarization control
3. About SDUV-FEL
3. About SDUV-FEL
First stage of SDUV
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
HGHG
EEHG
Crossed-undulator
HGHG experiments @SDUV-FEL
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
HGHG radiation at 347nm Gain curve
Experimental S2E simulation
HGHG saturation@3rd harmonic of the seed (2010.12)
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Tunable HGHG (2012.01)
Variable undulator gap
Longitudinal coherence measurement
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
B. Liu, W. B. Li, Z. T. Zhao*, et al. Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 16, 020704 (2013).
First demonstration of cascaded HGHG (2012.04)
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
B. Liu, W. B. Li, Z. T. Zhao*, et al. Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 16, 020704 (2013).
EEHG experiments @SDUV-FEL
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
G. Stupakov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 074801 (2009).
FEL profile
Gain curves
Spectrum Experiments
Simulation
First EEHG lasing (2011.04)
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Z. T. Zhao et al, Nature Photonics 6, 360 (2012).
Upgrade SDUV-FEL for Echo-10
Beam: 165-175MeV, ~200 pC, 3~8ps
Seed laser 1: 523 nm, 8.7 ps (FWHM), 60 J
Seed laser 2: 2500 nm, ~100 fs (FWHM), 40 J
Radiator: 40mm*80 periods, with variable gap.
Output wavelength: 800 nm-200nm.
The echo signal occurs at the wave number:
kEEHG=nk1+mk2
n and m are integers.
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
ADC40 (new radiator)
40mm*80 periods, with variable gap
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Ti: Sapphire laser system for the 2nd seed laser of EEHG
Coherent, Legend
Wavelength:750~860nm
Repetition: 1kHz
Power: 3.5W
Pulse Width: 35fs,130fs,1ps
OPA: 1160nm~2600nm,
70mW~80mW
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Echo-10@SDUV-FEL (2013.08)
The central wavelength of HGHG and EEHG will be different because wavelengths
of two seed lasers are different:
1 2
1523 , 2500 , 15 10.2s snm nm a
K
HGHG
EEHG
10th
10th (EEHG) Z.T. Zhao, FEL2013
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Polarization control via crossed-planar undulators
@SDUV-FEL
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Y. Ding, Z. Huang, K. J. Kim, Y. H. Li, B. Faatz, W. Decking, H. Geng et al
T. Zhang, H. X. Deng et al
Crossed-planar undulators
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
T. Zhang, H. X. Deng* et al. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 680 (2012) 112-116
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Polarization Switching at SDUV-FEL
Crossed undulator line at SDUV-FEL
2013.10.20
分振幅single-shot偏振测量仪
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
Polarization Switching Demonstration
4. Past results of SDUV-FEL
H. X. Deng, T. Zhang, L. Feng et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 17, 020704 (2014).
Future plans:2014-2015
Chirped Pulse Amplifier (CPA) of FEL
Corrugated structure enhancement for FEL
PEHG-15
EEHG-20
Longitudinal Space Charge Amplifier (LSCA)
Double-bunch cascaded HGHG
FEL with Orbital Angular Momentum
etc.
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Chirped Pulse Amplification in HGHG
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
CPA technique
There are technical challenges to extend the wavelength to below 200
nm in standard CPA lasers, because of the strong absorption of the
materials used in conventional laser amplifiers.
Schematic diagram of a CPA laser FROG images
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
CPA in seeded FELs
CPA seed laser
chirped electron beam
FEL pulse compression
Proof-of -principle experiment
didn’t finish at BNL
SDUV is a suitable platform for
this experiment
CPA-HGHG (proposed by L.H. Yu, 1994)
resonance condition
2( ) 1 / 2 ,2 ( )
r
s
ns K
s
,
2 2
sFEL
w wcb cb n
FEL pulse length
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Major Parameters for CPA-HGHG experiment
Energy spread measurement
Parameters Measurement
Beam energy 160MeV
Beam energy spread
(projected)
0.1~0.2%
Normalized emittance 4~5mm-mrad
Bunch charge 100~200pC
Seed laser wavelength 1600 nm (Ti:Sa)
Seed laser pulse length
(FWHM)
83fs (Ti:Sa)
Modulator (PMU50 with
variable gap)
10*5cm
R56 of dispersion section 1~10mm (4.2A)
Radiator (ADC40) 2*40*40 cm Normalized emittance measurement
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
S2E simulations for CPA-HGHG
Before stretch After stretch Electron beam After HGHG After compression
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
1600nm
800nm
Corrugated structure enhancement for FEL
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Wakefield of Corrugated pipes
Potential applications
Dechirper for FEL LINAC
Linearizer for FEL LINAC
Stabilizer for FEL LINAC
THz emitter
43
Corrugated structure enhancement for FEL
It demonstrates the feasibility to
employ a dechirper for precise
control of the beam phase space
in next generation FELs.
------ Paul Emma
K. L. F. Bane and G. Stupakov, SLAC-PUB-14925, 2012
S. Antipov, C. Jing, M. Fedurin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 144801 (2012)
P. Emma, M. Venturini, K. L. F. Bane, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 034801 (2014)
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
SDUV-FEL proposal
UN
PR
F0
UN
PR
F1
PM
U50
B3 B3
Seed
-2 Slit-2
B15~B18
UD
R1
CP
MU
50
PS
UN
PR
F3 Dechirper
So far, only dechirper experiment was carried out at BNL and
PAL, & they are just beam experiments.
In SDUV proposal, we will fight for the first beam linearizer
and the first beam dechirper, in a real FEL facility.
SDUV-method: observing the spectrum of a seeded FEL.
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Corrugated plane as beam linearizer
D Modulator Radiator
1047nm, 8ps
seed
laser
uncompressed
beam
Linearizer
523.5nm, 8ps
Before modulator After linearizer After modulator
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
FEL spectrum with corrugated linearizer
Seed laser: 1MW
simulation
Seed laser: 10MW
simulation
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Corrugated structure vacuum chamber
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
e-beam e-beam
e-beam
Phase-merging Enhanced Harmonic Generation
(PEHG) FEL
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Phase-merging Enhanced Harmonic Generation
H. X. Deng*, and C. Feng, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 084801.
C. Feng, H. X. Deng* et al., New Journal of Physics, (2014) revised.
Coherence
HGHG PEHG
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
PEHG-15 proposal at SDUV-FEL
Parameter Value
beam energy 200MeV
Slice energy spread 20keV
Slice emittance 2 mm-mrad
Peak current 100A
Seed pulse length 100 fs (FWHM)
Dispersion 2 m
Transverse gradient 24 m-1
Radiation wavelength 167 nm
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Experiment proposal at SDUV-FEL (PEHG-15)
TGU & field dependence
Chamfer 45°
5. Plan of SDUV-FEL
Waiting magnetic field measurement
IR FEL
THz FEL
DCLS
SDUV-FEL
SXFEL
Free Electron Lasers in China
IR FEL
Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS)
6. Future FELs at SINAP
Funded by NSFC, December, 2011
Carried out jointly by Dalian Inst. of Chemical Physics(DICP)
(beam-line, experimental stations) and Shanghai Inst. of
Applied Physics(SINAP) (Free Electron Laser )
Seeded FEL(HGHG), 50-150nm tunable, 50Hz rep rate.
Full coherence, fs-ps pulse lengths, 100MW peak power
Scheduled for 2012-2015, in parallel to SXFEL.
6. Future FELs at SINAP
Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS)
Shanghai soft x-ray FEL (SXFEL)
6. Future FELs at SINAP
Ground break this summer
SXFEL Performance
Parameters HGHG Upgrade Unit
Output Wavelength 9 1.5-4 nm
Bunch charge 0.5~1 0.5~1 nC
Energy 0.84 1.3~2 GeV
Energy spread 0.1~0.15% 0.15%
Energy spread (sliced) 0.02% 0.03%
Normalized emittance 2.0~2.5 2.0~2.5 mm.mrad
Pulse length (FWHM) 1. 0.03 -1 ps
Peak current ~0.5 0.5 kA
Rep. rate 1~10 50 Hz
6. Future FELs at SINAP
R&Ds for X-ray FEL
6. Future FELs at SINAP
Conclusions
SDUV-FEL is one of the most competitive test facilities for
FEL principles and technologies
4 years’ machine operation
Several advanced FEL experiments have been accomplished, including
EEHG-FEL lasing, continuous HGHG wavelength tuning, and crossed-
planar undulator, etc.
new experiments (CPA-HGHG, PEHG) are coming soon.
So far, All three high-gain FELs in China, i.e., SDUV-FEL,
DCLS and SXFEL, was and are being built by SINAP.
Principally and technically, SINAP is ready for China’s first
hard X-ray FEL user facility.
Hard x-ray FEL strategy
Accelerator tunnel: from 300m to 550m
Beam energy: from 1GeV to 6.4GeV
Long undulator
Beam line and FEL user stations
Thanks for your attentions