Førebuing/ Forberedelse...her apprenticeship in the sales and servicing department at a car...

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Førebuing/ Forberedelse 15.11.2017 ENG1002 Engelsk fellesfag ENG1003 Engelsk fellesfag Nynorsk/Bokmål

Transcript of Førebuing/ Forberedelse...her apprenticeship in the sales and servicing department at a car...

Page 1: Førebuing/ Forberedelse...her apprenticeship in the sales and servicing department at a car dealership in Oslo. But she has also been on a three-month exchange programme with a company

Førebuing/

Forberedelse 15.11.2017

ENG1002 Engelsk fellesfag

ENG1003 Engelsk fellesfag

Nynorsk/Bokmål

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Nynorsk

Informasjon til førebuingsdelen

Førebuingstid Førebuingstida varer éin dag.

Hjelpemiddel På førebuingsdagen er alle hjelpemiddel tillatne, inkludert bruk av

Internett.

På eksamen er alle hjelpemiddel tillatne, bortsett frå Internett og

andre verktøy som kan brukast til kommunikasjon.

For norsk, samisk, finsk som andrespråk og framandspråka er

heller ikkje omsetjingsprogram tillatne.

Ved bruk av nettbaserte hjelpemiddel under eksamen, er det ikkje

tillate å kommunisere med andre (dvs. samskriving, chat, alle

moglegheiter for å utveksle informasjon med andre).

Bruk av kjelder Dersom du bruker kjelder i svaret ditt, skal dei alltid førast opp på

ein slik måte at lesaren kan finne fram til dei.

Du skal føre opp forfattar og fullstendig tittel på både lærebøker og

annan litteratur. Dersom du bruker utskrifter eller sitat frå Internett,

skal du føre opp nøyaktig nettadresse og nedlastingsdato.

Andre opplysningar Førebuingsdagen er obligatorisk skoledag. I førebuingstida kan du

samarbeide med andre, finne informasjon og få rettleiing.

Informasjon om

vurderinga

Sjå eksamensrettleiinga med kjenneteikn på måloppnåing til

sentralt gitt skriftleg eksamen. Eksamensrettleiinga finn du på

www.utdanningsdirektoratet.no.

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Bokmål

Informasjon til forberedelsesdelen

Forberedelsestid Forberedelsestiden varer én dag.

Hjelpemidler På forberedelsesdagen er alle hjelpemidler tillatt, inkludert bruk av

Internett.

På eksamen er alle hjelpemidler tillatt, bortsett fra Internett og

andre verktøy som kan brukes til kommunikasjon.

For norsk, samisk, finsk som andrespråk og fremmedspråkene er

heller ikke oversettelsesprogrammer tillatt.

Ved bruk av nettbaserte hjelpemidler under eksamen, er det ikke

tillatt å kommunisere med andre (dvs. samskriving, chat, alle

muligheter for å utveksle informasjon med andre).

Bruk av kilder Hvis du bruker kilder i besvarelsen din, skal disse alltid oppgis på en

slik måte at leseren kan finne fram til dem.

Du skal oppgi forfatter og fullstendig tittel på både lærebøker og

annen litteratur. Hvis du bruker utskrifter eller sitater fra Internett,

skal du oppgi nøyaktig nettadresse og nedlastingsdato.

Andre opplysninger Forberedelsesdagen er obligatorisk skoledag. I forberedelsestiden

kan du samarbeide med andre, finne informasjon og få veiledning.

Informasjon om

vurderingen

Se eksamensveiledningen med kjennetegn på måloppnåelse til

sentralt gitt skriftlig eksamen. Eksamensveiledningen finner du på

www.utdanningsdirektoratet.no.

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The topic for this examination is:

"Living in English-speaking countries"

There are approximately 400 million people who live in English-speaking countries and there are

millions more who spend a period of their lives working or studying in an English-speaking country.

Each of these people has their own unique experience, yet the language they use each day unites

them and allows them to communicate freely and share their experiences.

The texts in this preparation material aim to give you insight into a variety of perspectives about

living in English-speaking countries. You will read about working and studying in these countries

and about challenges that young people face in their lives. Even people from the same area with

similar social conditions may have very different views about their lives and these texts invite you to

consider these contrasting points of view.

We hope that these texts will inspire you to explore and discuss ideas about this topic. Remember

to look for information from other sources as well, including what you have worked with during your

English course. Make a note of useful keywords and phrases, and remember to note down your

sources.

REMEMBER TO BRING THIS PREPARATION MATERIAL WITH YOU TO THE EXAMINATION. YOU WILL

NEED IT.

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Text 1

In recent years, several thousand Norwegian vocational students have been on

exchange programmes abroad.

Silje Steffensen is one of the apprentices who has studied abroad. She has spent the last year of

her apprenticeship in the sales and servicing department at a car dealership in Oslo. But she has

also been on a three-month exchange programme with a company in Bristol, England.

“I think it might give me an advantage when I apply for jobs later. I worked in a vintage clothing

business in Bristol called ‘Heartfelt’. I got to experience a workplace that was going through difficult

times economically, and the owners had to work hard to survive,” says Steffensen.

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Text 2

Six reasons why you should study and take part of your apprenticeship training

abroad

1. You will gain new experiences and relationships

Living in another country will give you the experience of a lifetime. You will establish lifelong

relationships.

2. You will improve in your field of study

When you experience working in a different language you will become more aware of every aspect

of your job because you will have to explain them in a different language. You will also see that your

colleagues are doing things a little differently, and yet the job goes just as well.

3. You will understand Norway better

When you have spent a few months in another country and become accustomed to the way they do

things, you might see Norway from a different perspective.

4. You will learn several ways to solve problems

Taking your apprenticeship training abroad introduces you to a different work culture and a

different language. This will help you to see your own studies in a different light. By learning to

handle challenges in other ways, you will become more creative and a better problem solver.

5. You will become independent

You will be living and studying on your own, and you will have to learn a new language and adapt to

a new culture. When you return to Norway, you will be a more independent person.

6. You will be attractive to Norwegian employers

Whatever your future occupation in Norway, you will be better equipped to relate to people from

other countries and cultures. Having lived and worked in a country with a different work culture, you

will have experienced what it's like to be a foreigner. This experience can make you attractive to

Norwegian employers.

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Text 3

What Millennials Want In The Workplace (And Why You Should Start Giving It To

Them)

By Rob Asghar

The Millennial Generation* will soon represent the biggest chunk of the American workforce. Jamie

Gutfriend of CAA's Intelligence Group says that 86 million millennials will be in the workplace by

2020, representing a full 40% of the total working population. It's in every organization's interest to

learn how to attract, reach and motivate millennials. A few do it well—but most don't, and they may

soon pay the price. "No organization can afford not to recruit the best talent," she says.

Gutfriend's studies of millennials show that:

64% of them say it’s a priority for them to make the world a better place

72% would like to be their own boss. But if they do have to work for a boss, 79% of them

would want that boss to serve more as a coach or mentor

88% prefer a collaborative work culture rather than a competitive one

74% want flexible work schedules

Millennials want to work in a place where they can make a

difference, preferably a place that itself makes a difference.

Companies can gain immensely by better engaging millennials.

They just need to find ways to wrangle the millennials into their

organizations in a manner that they find compelling and

consistent with their distinct values.

* People born between approximately 1980 and 2000

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Text 4

Millennials are struggling at work because their parents "gave them medals for

coming last"

By Rachel Hosie

Bosses the world over are struggling with their millennial employees. They say we are self-entitled, narcissistic, lazy and tough to manage. According to motivational speaker and author Simon Sinek,

this is the result of our parents' "failed parenting strategies". He says our parenting, combined with

social media, working environments and our impatience have created a generation plagued by low

self-esteem.

Our parents have now realised that their well-

intentioned parenting strategies may have backfired.

They told us that we were special all the time and

could have anything we want in life. We got medals for

coming in last and if we didn't get into the best clubs,

our parents complained. This meant entering the real

world was a shock and our self-images were

shattered. One problem is that we’ve been brought up

to focus on having a healthy work/life balance.

Sinek believes it's our own fault that our self-esteem

levels are so low. We simply care too much about

getting affirmation. "Millennials say they want

feedback at work, but what they really want is praise

and to be told they're doing well. When you give them

negative feedback, they cry or quit."

Sinek believes growing up in a social media age is also much to blame for our constant need for

praise and inability to deal with negative feedback. How many likes and followers you have is the new

social currency, and all we care about is keeping up appearances online. With every notification we

get, we feel good – it's highly addictive. Sinek doesn't believe technology is necessarily bad, but we

need to be careful of using it too much. Social media has also created an incredibly impatient

generation who wants everything immediately. Millennials don't stick at anything long enough

whether it is a job or a relationship. Isn't life too short to waste doing a job you don't love? "Young

people think they can't waste another month of their lives if they're not changing the world, but it

takes time," Sinek says.

He wants us to learn that building self-confidence, finding job fulfilment, being happy and developing

loving relationships all take time. His main message, however, is that it's by building healthy, strong

relationships that we'll be happier, healthier and more inspired. "We're social animals, and

relationships are the core of joy, happiness and success in life."

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Text 4

Text 4

Hassnain Khan, 14, Slough, Berkshire

A 15-year-old Sikh boy at my school ran

away last month because he was

bullied. He was gone for three days

before he came home. It is difficult to

understand why some young people get

bullied and others don't. Sometimes I

get picked on by older boys in my school

- they call me names like "dopey". I wish

people would just leave each other

alone.

Lee McConville, 23, Birmingham

What would politicians know about growing up in a deprived

area plagued with drugs, guns, prostitution and gangs? Born

and raised in Lozells, Birmingham, an area plagued with gun

crime, drugs, prostitution and gangs and infamous for its 2005

race riots, I forever found myself in the wrong place at the wrong

time. I was lucky to walk away without being arrested or

stabbed. The government needs to invest more in charity

organisations so they can change young people's lives for the

better and, in some cases, save their lives.

Dan Tait, 19, Basingstoke, Hampshire

I was once nearly killed by a student. He

expressed his homophobic hatred by strangling

me in front of a teacher and other pupils. I

retaliated, and we were both excluded for three

days. The biggest problem in tackling homophobia

is raising awareness for people who lived in a

generation where being gay was socially

unacceptable. The government needs to give

schools guidance on dealing with homophobia

and, more importantly, on how to prevent it.

Alexandra McKenzie, 20, Newcastle upon Tyne

My peers and I have been told that "the sky's the limit," thanks to

encouragement from parents and teachers. As an upper-secondary

student, I've had to work hard and I've avoided obstacles such as failing

my exams. However, the recession has left students like me wondering if

our possibilities really are so limitless. Many don't fully understand the

ins and outs of the current economic crisis. With small businesses

closing, term-time jobs are increasingly hard to come by, but as

companies are unable to pay us for internships or work experience, such

part-time employment is valuable. After creating schemes that have

allowed students from a range of socio-economic backgrounds to pursue

higher education, the government should now ensure that those who

can't afford to accept unpaid experience are not pushed off the job

ladder before they even reach it.

Text 5

"Everyone has problems, don't they?" Young people share their very different accounts of the issues they face growing up, from gun crime to

graduation, teenage pregnancy and homelessness.

Sarah Kigozi, 17, London

I take care of my 16-year-old autistic

brother and also my mother, who has a

form of cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. My

brother spits, speaks in phrases rather than

full sentences and is hyperactive. He has a

mental age of six or seven and attends a

special day school. I've helped take care of

him since I was about nine. As well as

supporting my mum through her illness, my

responsibilities involve interpreting, as her

first language is not English. I read and type

letters, deal with bills and forms, make

phone calls and book appointments. My day

usually starts at 5.30am and ends at 11pm.

Right now, I'm concentrating on my A-levels,

and I want to do a degree in psychology.

One of my ambitions is to build schools in

less developed countries to provide free

education to children with special needs.

Samia Meah, 19, London

When I say the word "homeless", people visualise someone sitting

on the street in a cardboard box, looking terrible and perhaps even

shouting at traffic. This bothers me as I am friends with many

homeless young people who are far from this stereotype. It bothers

me more as I am one of them. We are a group of people in society

that people are often unaware of. We are homeless, but we live in

temporary accommodation - hostels with a room shared with

strangers. I live in shared accommodation, with support from staff at

the homelessness charity Centrepoint. There are people who have

suffered due to domestic violence, abandonment, immigration, self-

harm and sheer neglect. These are people who did not begin life

with a fair chance. Yet here they are, my friends, who have

overcome these devastating situations and have the will not only to

carry on but also excel at what they do.

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Text 6

Below are four different points of view about the

same news story. Different people of different

ages, genders and backgrounds have responded

in different ways to news about the collapse of

power-sharing talks in Northern Ireland (March

2017).

Siobhan, 14 years old,

Belfast

I’m scared about what

this might mean. I hear

my parents talk about

the Troubles and I don’t

want all of us in the

North to have to live in

fear again.

Adrian, 42 years old, Omagh

I simply don’t understand

what Sinn Fein are playing

at! We’ve had peace for

almost 20 years and these

power-hungry jokers are

willing to risk it. Don’t they

understand that it is not

North and South that we

need to focus on. We need

to make sure that we have

quality education for our

children and job

opportunities for them when

they are finished.

Fintan, 78 years old,

Belfast

I’m proud that Sinn Fein is

standing strong and taking

a risk for the first time in a

long time. I was a teacher

of the Irish language for 35

years and if we don’t make

sure that young people are

learning Irish, then part of

our culture will simply

disappear and we might as

well be English!

Christa, 25 years old,

Derry

This is a crucial time for

my generation. As

Britain is looking to exit

the European Union, we

need to double our

efforts to join the

Republic to keep all of

Ireland prospering. I

want to be a part of

Europe not just the

forgotten Northern Ire-

land in the supposedly

Great Britain!

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Text 7

Everyone Knows This Is Somewhere

By Chuck Klosterman

THERE is nothing remarkable about how I ended up in New York. Like most people who live here, I

just got out of a cab one afternoon and there I was. That's pretty much the whole story. And it all

seemed completely normal to me -- until I started talking to people and telling them where I was from.

Only then did I realize that I am an absolute alien here, a tiny fish in a massive pond.

I came to New York from Akron, Ohio (pop. 217,000), which is where I lived after moving from Fargo,

North Dakota (pop. 91,000), which is an hour away from my hometown of Wyndmere, North Dakota

(pop. 533), which was five miles from my parents' farm (pop. 9). This apparently qualifies me to write

about my ''personal journey,'' the assumption being that I must have multiple insights and

observations about New York from an outsider’s perspective.

This is what people assume about you when you come from a place where it's totally acceptable to

leave your car running -- with the keys in the ignition and the doors unlocked -- in the middle of the

night. People in North Dakota do this because it falls to 40 below zero in January and the wind

regularly blows in excess of 40 miles an hour, and those climatic conditions cause the fluid in a car

battery to freeze into a brick. This makes it impossible to drive home from the bar. Consequently,

everyone leaves their automobiles running when they're in public, sometimes for up to five or six

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hours. People in rural North Dakota don't steal cars, and people in New York find that strange. In fact,

people in New York seem to find everything about rural North Dakota strange.

Like many young American idiots, I moved to New York because I wanted to be cool. New York rewards

coolness. In fact, I have met at least 17 people in this city who apparently make a living by being cool

full time. This requires that people (a) never actually work, yet (b) still wear stylish neckties.

Unfortunately, I can't seem to make this lifestyle work. As far as I can tell, being cool in New York

requires you to do something totally and wholly random. These actions include (but are not limited

to) walking around your neighborhood with a parrot on your shoulder, wearing an eye patch and a

weird cap, or smashing a banjo on the subway in the hope of getting spare change.

I'm not necessarily claiming that any of these schemes will work, but you may as well try (it's always

50/50). And being cool is certainly worth the gamble. This is the best place in the universe to be

socially desirable. While walking home from work one afternoon, I decided to count how many

attractive people I saw. Over 18 blocks, the number was 204, and that included one homeless

woman who wore tin foil on her forearms and was talking to an invisible minotaur. New York has got

to be the only city on earth with foxy homeless people.

The main thing I've noticed most about New York is that people who live here have no idea how

anyone else in America lives, thinks or manages to survive. However, it's worth noting that the rest

of the country has the same confusion about New Yorkers, particularly in regard to their level of

general rudeness. It has been my experience that strangers in New York are exceedingly friendly,

almost to the point of being weirdly insecure. I've noticed that if you stand at the top of a subway

platform and appear even mildly baffled, someone will immediately ask you if you need directions

(and they seem almost disappointed if you don't). I suspect this is because just about everyone here

is ultimately from somewhere else.

New Yorkers also love reliving the New York experience. For example, my apartment in Midtown

recently had a mouse; what I did not realize is that at one time or another every apartment in New

York has been plagued by vermin. So whenever I mentioned this mouse problem at a social function,

every other person in the room would insist on telling me his or her own personal mouse story. ''The

glue traps don't work,'' they would say, ''so I bought a cat to eat the mouse, and then I had to get a

dog to take care of the cat problem, and then I had to buy a wolf to eat the dog, and then I had to

sue my landlord for not allowing my wolf to install an air-conditioner. It was a nightmare.'' That's how

all New York anecdotes seem to end: ''It was a nightmare.''

Clearly, living here is not easy. Everything costs too much; getting anywhere is a hassle; most people

are profoundly lazy and nobody is willing to admit to being wrong about anything. I constantly find

myself fighting my Midwestern impulse to stop conversations in mid-flow to tell people: ''You're lying!

And we all know you're lying!''

It may be maddening to live here, but it's also amazing. It's impossible to deny that this city is where

all the good stuff is, and all that stuff can still be purchased at 3:50 a.m. That only happens here,

and I will never live anywhere else.

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Text 8

Facts and Figures about Young People in some English-speaking Countries

In 2014, the 88% literacy

rate for young men in India

was 14 percent higher than

the 74% rate for young

women.

UK Unemployment rate amongst 16-24 year olds

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Text 9

Popular: Vintage Wisdom from a Modern Geek

By Maya van Wagenen.

Introduction

(or how this whole thing came to be)

DON’T SKIP THIS PART

NO REALLY, DON’T SKIP THIS PART

-----------------------------------------------------------

“School is the armpit of life,” my best friend Kenzie once told me. Amen. My school is no exception.

Walk through the scratched glass doors on that first day and your life becomes a series of brutal and

painful encounters: being called a dick by the football player who sits near you in science, standing in a

bra and granny panties in front of your gym locker that you can’t open while the girls around you giggle

and point, crying in the bathroom because you didn’t know it was possible for your heart to hurt this

much. There is one thing, though, that can help you navigate this sweaty, smelly underarm, and that is a

careful understanding of how the social food chain is organized.

MY SCHOOL’S POPULARITY SCALE

(From patricians to plebeians)

10 Volleyball Girls

9 Football Faction

8 Rich Gang Members (including More-Popular Girls Who Dress Seductively)

7 Band Geeks

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6 Choir Geeks

5 Goth Art-Chicks

4 Less-Popular Girls Who Dress Seductively

3 Pregnant Teens (We have two right now, a seventh and an eighth grader)

2 Computer Geeks (There are hardly any)

1 Library Nerds (who read constantly and love Japanese comics)

0 The Ignored (sixth graders)

-1 Social Outcasts

-2 Teachers

-3 Substitute Teachers

You are categorized by where you spend your time and with whom you do, and do not, associate. I

fall into the Social Outcast group, the lowest level of people at school who aren’t paid to be there. I’m

joined in my lowly negative-digit station by my close friend and confidant Kenzie. For the most part,

it’s a quiet, monotonous, invisible existence. That is, until you get noticed and preyed upon by someone

in any of the tiers above you.

So how do those at the top work the class system to their advantage?

There are magazine articles and self-help books about what to wear, what to say, how to behave,

and who to be friends with. In fact, long before I was even born, my father picked up a book at a thrift

store. The faded cover was old and torn, but “There was something about it,” he told me. He thumbed

through the pages until he came upon the title: Betty Cornell’s Teen-Age Popularity Guide. It was

written in 1951, and was full of tips and advice on how to achieve what seemed to be the unachievable:

improving one’s social status. My dad said he found himself laughing right there in the store at some of

the outdated ideas. It being an interesting piece of vintage pop culture, and he being my father, he

bought it right away.

For a long time the book sat in his office (the “chamber of curiosities”) at our house in

Brownsville, Texas. It was gathering dust in a cardboard box sandwiched between a World War I helmet

and a carved stone skull from some tribe in Mexico.

It was waiting to be discovered.

..........................................

As luck would have it, the book did not want to remain hidden. When my parents decided to clean out

Dad’s office (personally, I believe they made the whole mess angrier) Mom opened the box and

rediscovered Betty Cornell’s book. She wasn’t sure what to do with it, so she handed it off to me, Maya,

“Caretaker of All Stuff No One Wants, but Won’t Get Rid Of.”

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I saw Betty Cornell’s Teen-Age Popularity Guide as nothing more than a quirky book with advice

along the lines of “Don’t wear makeup on your eyes, instead use Vaseline,” and “Close your pores with

ice cubes,” and “All girls should wear a girdle.”

It was written by a former teen model who promised that, with a little hard work, poise, polish,

and popularity were easily attainable for anyone.

Anyone?

I almost laughed.

That was when my mom had the idea – an amazing, terrifying, once-in-a-lifetime idea. “Maya,

you should follow the advice this year, in eighth grade, and write about what happens.”

My immediate answer was no. I couldn’t imagine anything more horrifying. Since when had I

(outwardly) cared about being popular anyway? But my mom planted a seed that day. Her comment was

like one of those zits that starts out small, then gets really big and seems to never go away, not matter

how many times you pop it.

A few days later, flipping through the book (yet again), I discovered this:

You will only make the situation worse if you take a negative attitude, if you

shrug your shoulders and say, “Well, after all, who cares?” Basically

somebody does care. You care. You care, because like everyone else on this

planet you want to be liked, you want to be popular, you want to be a girl who

gets around. You want to have a crowd to pal around with, a few exciting

dates, and at least one boy who thinks you are about the most terrific female

ever. If you say that you don’t, you are really only fooling yourself. You are

certainly not fooling others.

The whole universe stood at attention.

Betty Cornell’s book was published over sixty years ago, but somehow through the vast stretch of

time and space, she saw what I secretly, desperately yearned for. More than that, she promised to help

me get it.

I knew my life would never be the same.

(Extract)

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