Forms of Government
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Transcript of Forms of Government
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FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
Chapter 3
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Types of Government
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Types of GovernmentThree ways to classify governments:1. Systems of government2. Relationship between levels of
government3. Methods of selecting the executive
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Systems of Government Popular government
Democracy○ Direct Democracy○ Indirect Democracy
Republic
Dictatorship Anarchy
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Popular Governments The people participate. Direct democracy – people directly
affect government’s policies & actionsVery rare today“Today direct democracy is rare because of
geographic and population limitations.”Agree or disagree?
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Popular Governments Indirect democracy – people choose
their peers to operate government on their behalf (or REPRESENT them).
Republic – “a state in which the supreme power rests in the people and their elected representatives or officers.
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Dictatorship In a dictatorship, the government acts
without the consent of the people. Totalitarianism- a ruling class holds
absolute power and seeks to exercise control over every aspect of people’s lives.
Autocracy – rule by 1 person with supreme authority
Oligarchy – rule by an elite group
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Anarchy An absence of government Because of human depravity, typically
anarchy, instead of leading to maximum liberty, leads to a state of lawlessness.
Jeremiah 17:9The heart is deceitful above all things, and
desperately wicked: who can know it?
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Types of GovernmentThree ways to classify governments:1. Systems of government2. Relationship between levels of
government
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Relationship Between Levels of Government 1. Unitary 2. Federal 3. Confederate
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Relationship Between Levels of Government Unitary Governments
Power resides in central governmentAll power from the people (unlike
dictatorship)Local units may help administer
government.
Examples: Great Britain, Japan, France, Israel
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Relationship Between Levels of Government Federal Governments – Federalism Power is divided among national,
regional, and local governments. Usually governed by a constitution
which specifies the powers and responsibilities of each level.
Examples: United States, Brazil, India
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Relationship Between Levels of Government Confederate Governments Regional governments retain supremacy
and delegate some tasks to the national government.
Examples: Articles of Confederation, Confederate States of America, European Union (EU)
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Types of GovernmentThree ways to classify governments:1. Systems of government2. Relationship between levels of
government 3. Methods of selecting the executive
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Methods of Selecting the Executive Presidential System – people directly
elect the president. Question: Do the people directly elect
the President of the United States? Answer: No. The Electoral College
elects the president.
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Methods of Selecting the Executive Parliamentary System
People elect their representatives to Parliament.○ Candidate of the party with the most votes
in each district wins.The majority party in the parliament chooses
the executive (prime minister).Examples: Great Britain, France, Japan,
Indonesia
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Which system is better: Presidential or Parliamentary?
p. 37
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Types of Government by System
List and explain.
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American Government
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Levels of American Government National State Local
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National Government The U.S. Constitution LIMITS the power
of the national government by allowing it to have certain DELEGATED POWERS.
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National Government Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch
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Legislative Branch Makes the laws Closest ties to the
people: directly elected
Two housesHouse of
RepresentativesSenate
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Executive Branch Enforces the laws President Vice President Advisors
○ EOP○ Cabinet
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Judicial Branch Interprets the laws Are the laws passed
by Congress and the states consistent with the Constitution?
Supreme Court Lower Courts
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State Government Fifty (50) states States keep all power not delegated to
the national government (RESERVED POWERS) or prohibited to the states by the Constitution (PROHIBITED POWERS).
States all have their own constitutions.
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State Government Reserved Powers– 10th Amendment
Police, educate, land-use laws, licensing, etc.
Prohibited Powers – Keeps certain powers in the hands of the national government.Coin money, make treaties, import/export
taxes, raise a military force in peacetime, etc.
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State Government Separation of Powers – State
governments have the same 3 branches as the national (federal) government.Legislative, Executive, Judicial
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State Government Legislative May be BICAMERAL (two houses) or
UNICAMERAL (one house).
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State Government Executive – Governor Lieutenant governor
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State Government Judicial – courts May be elected by the people or
APPOINTED by the governor or legislature
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Local Government Counties – divided into precincts Municipalities – cities, villages, towns Municipalities exist by incorporating
when its population gets to a certain level.
Municipalities get a charter (like a constitution) from the state.
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Review Quiz What are the levels of U.S. government? What are the branches of U.S.
government? What is the function of the legislative
branch? What is the function of the executive
branch? What is the function of the judicial
branch?
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Answers 1. national, state, local 2. legislative, executive, judicial 3. make laws 4. enforce the laws 5. interpret the laws