Fork Lift Training.ppt
Transcript of Fork Lift Training.ppt
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FORKLIFT SAFETY
Joint and Health Safety Committee
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Training Objectives
Understand how forklifts workOperate a forklift safely and skillfully
Identify operating hazards
Apply general principles of safe operation
Properly inspect and maintain a forklift
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Why Forklift Training
Is ecessary
• 100 fatalities each year
• 20,000 lost workday injuriesannually
• Common injuries• Hitting a pedestrian
• Tipping oer
• !mproperly positioned loads
• "alling from raised forks
• "alling from a ladder struck with a
forklift
•
"alling material
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Forklift Operation
OSHA 11!"1#$ states %Only
trained and authorized operators
shall &e permitted to operate apowered industrial truck"'
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(ypes of Forklifts
)ifferent types of forklifts are
a*aila&le+ mainly for differenten*ironments,-)iesel powered
-.lectric powered
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-Forklifts weigh thousands of
pounds #4,000 - 8,000 lbs.)- Are e2tremely powerful"
-Use rear wheel steering"-3an turn in a *ery tight circle"- Are not *ery wide for use in
aisles"
Interesting Facts
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Tr!ck "o#y
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Overhea# $!ar#
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%y#ra!lic Lift
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$a!ges
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Tr!ck &ontrols
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S'itches
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(ata )lates
4 OSHA re5uires a
legi&le nameplate
4 It includes
information a&out
the forklift and
attachments
4 It lists the ma2imum
load capacity
4 It descri&es the load
center
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Rear Wheel Steering
Unlike a car or truck+ lift trucks
use the rear wheels for
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Loa# &a*acity
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(eter+ine a Loa#,s
&enter of $ravity
4 3enter of gra*ity is
the &alance point
4 0oad center is the
point where the
hea*iest part of the
load is located
4 Pick up load on the
side closest to its
center of gra*ity
LOA( &ETER
&ETER OF
$RA-ITY OF LOA( TOP VIEW OF LIFT TRUCK
&ETER OF $RA-ITY
180LB
300LB
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Stability Triangle
-ehicle &enter of
$ravity .!nloa#e#/
&enter of $ravity of
-ehicle an# 0a1i+!+
Loa# .Theoretical/
Stability Triangle
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Stability Triangle
(he closer the center of gra*ity 63/7 is to line 83
the more sta&le the forklift is (he closer the 3/ is to lines A8 or A3 the more
unsta&le the forklift &ecomes
If the 3/ e*er goes outside the sta&ility triangle+
the forklift can tip 4 0oads too hea*y or offset
4 (aking corner too fast
4 (ra*eling surface is not le*el
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What &an &a!se a Ti*over2
4 3enter of gra*ity
side to side
4 3enter of gra*ity
forward
4 3enter of gra*ity&ackward
&o+bination of actions orcirc!+stances can ca!se ti*over
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Ti*over Safety )roce#!re
4 Always wear your
seat &elt 4 Hold onto the
steering wheel
4 8race your feet 4 0ean away from
the fall !llustration credit$ %olls High %each
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Loa# &entering
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Loa# &entering
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Loa# &entering
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S*ee#
9..P :OU;
SP..) )O
&aintain indoor
speed under ' mph #( km)hr*
outdoor speed under 1' mph
#2+ km)hr*
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&on#!ct a
)reo*erational
Ins*ection
Forklift isproperlydisengaged
Walk to bothsides
Chek front
Walk to rear
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(he safety e5uipment you must
inspect daily is,
4 )ieselpowered3heck all oil and fluid le*els3heck ca&les3heck fan &elt+ fan+ and radiator
3heck tank+ and hose attachments
4 .lectricpowered3heck the &attery condition
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While in the O*erator Seat 4 ?ake nonmo*ing checks@
gauges+ lights+ horn+ &ackup
alarm+ warning light+ tiltandlift mechanism+ and parking
&rake
4 ?ake mo*ing checks@seat
&elt+ running&rakes+ and steering
4 0ook for oil or water
leaks on the floor
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O*erating a Forklift
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%an#ling an# 0oving Loa#s
Picking up load
4 Approach the load straight on with the forks in thetra*el position
4 Stop when the fork tips are appro2" 1 foot away from
the load
4 0e*el forks and dri*e slowly forward until load isagainst &ackrest
4 0ift the load high enough to clear what is under it
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%an#ling an# 0oving Loa#s
Picking up load 6cont"7
4 0ook o*er &oth shoulders to make sure youare clear and slowly &ack out one footSound horn &efore &acking if cant clearly see
&ehind you
4 Slowly tilt mast &ack to sta&ilize the load
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%an#ling an# 0oving Loa#s
Setting down the load
4 )ri*e to location+ s5uare up to load areaand stop a&out one foot away
4 0e*el the forks and slowly dri*e forward
4
0ower the load 4 (ilt the forks slightly forward
4 0ook o*er your shoulders and &ack
straight out until the forks clear the load
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Stacking an# 3nstacking
0ifting a load
4 Approach the load slowly with the forks inthe tra*el position
4 Stop appro2" one foot away from the load
and raise forks to correct height
4 0e*el forks and dri*e forward until load is
flush against &ackrest
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Stacking an# 3nstacking
0ifting a load 63ont"7
4 0ift high enough to clear the &ottom load+look o*er &oth shoulders to see if clear to
&ack and slowly &ack straight out
4 After clearing top of stack+ stop and lower
mast to tra*el position
4 (ilt forks &ack
4 Proceed to destination
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Stacking an# 3nstacking
Stacking a load 4 Approach placement area slowly and s5uare
4 Stop a&out one foot away and lift mast high
enough to clear the placement area
4 ?o*e forward slowly until the load is s5uare
o*er the stack
4 0e*el the forks and lower the mast until the
load is resting on the stack
4 Slowly &ack straight out
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Stacking an# 3nstacking
Additional tips
4 =e*er lift a load while mo*ing 4 Stop completely &efore raising the mast
4 ?ake sure the top load is s5uarely stacked
on &ottom load
4 Always approach and lea*e the load area
slowly
4 Always look o*er shoulders &efore &acking
up
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(riving 'ith a Loa#
(ra*el with load tilted slightly &ack for sta&ility
(ra*el with the load at the proper heightBC Inches at fork tips
D Inches at heels
)ri*e in control
)ri*e in re*erse if you cannot see o*er the load
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(riving on Inclines 4 Ra+*5Slo*e
Always dri*e with the hea*ier or less sta&le
end of the forklift pointing up the incline 4 If the forklift is loaded 6hea*ierEless sta&le in front7
)ri*e forward up the incline with the load
)ri*e in re*erse coming down the incline with the load
pointed up the incline
4 If the forklift is not loaded 6hea*ier in rear7)ri*e forward down the ramp
)ri*e in re*erse going up the ramp
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Sto**e# Forklift
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)e#estrians
Pedestrians ha*e the right of way 4 Slow down at intersections
4 0ook &efore &acking
4 Use horn when coming around &lind corners and
at &lind intersections
4 3heck mirrors at intersections if they are presentin workplace
Pedestrians must &e cautious in areas where
forklifts may &e operating
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I+age &re#it6 &(&
Attach+ents 7 s!ch as *allets
4 3hange operating
clearances
4 3hange capacity
4 3hange sta&ility
and load center
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O*erating %a8ar#s9 )e#estrians
Accidents in*ol*ing
pedestrians may &e
caused &y, 4 O&structed *iew
4 (urning
4 Speeding
4 Pedestrian unaware
forklift is present
4 3arrying passengers
and horseplay
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O*erating %a8ar#s9
Environ+ental &on#itions
4 3om&usti&le fuel
operated forklift in
poorly *entilated area
4 (ra*eling on ramps
4 3rossing railroad tracks
4 Slippery floors 4 Operating on dirt
or gra*el
4 Poor lighting
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4
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What,s Wrong %ere2
Forklift *arke# onslo*e# s!rface
Forks not f!lly lo'ere#
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Ref!eling an# Recharging
*
-Park in designated refueling or
recharging area"-)o not &lock emergency e5uipment"
-?ake sure area is well *entilated"-Ha*e e2tinguisher near&y"*
*
*
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Ref!eling an# Recharging
*
*
*
*
-(urn off engine and lights"
-)o not smoke"-)o not spill fuel"-Use only appro*ed cans"-For 0P+ shut off *al*es"-
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Test your Knowledge
:; (he first step toward safeforklift operation is to conducta "
; If you are in a tipo*er+ ne*ertry to "
?;
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Ins*ection@ O*eration@ an#
0aintenance9!estions2
4 Inspection procedures
4
Operating procedures 4 ehicle maintenance
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Key )oints to Re+e+ber
Facility hazards include pedestrians+en*ironmental conditions+ and
loadingEunloadingPosition loads close to the *ertical &ackrest
Always conduct and document apreoperational inspection
Follow the safe operating rules of the road
Always refuelErecharge in *entilated areasand wear proper PP.