PowerPoint Presentation

Global Citizenship

What can global citizenship achieve?

What can global citizenship achieve?

What is AID?

Aid means assistance and it takes different forms. Sometimes it is monetary assistance which means that money is paid to the government or an organisation working in the other country. Sometimes it is expertise, workers, equipment or machinery.

Aid is the transfer of goods and services from developed to developing nations.

Foreign Aid, improving human wellbeing

Outline the concerns for human wellbeing in Source C.What time of day was this photograph taken?

Poverty means lacking basic living standards and conditions.

Not being able to progress and have the same opportunities as other people.

Poverty means a relatively short life, poor health and poor access to health care.

It can also mean a low income and poor education level (literacy skills)

Poverty often involves large families and often war and conflict.

The state of the world in 2016Today across the world, 1.3 billion people out of 7.2 billion live on less than $1 a day.3 billion live on under $2 a day1.3 billion have no access to clean drinking water2.5 billion have no access to SANITATION.2 billion have no access to electricityEvery day, around 25,000 children die from poverty related issues150 million children without the chance to go to school.1 billion people are illiterate.

What is the HDI?

The Human Development Index recognises that a countrys economy alone is not enough to measure its wellbeing we have to look at its people and their capabilities.It looks at health, knowledge and standard of living,

The HDI is a summary of average achievement in key dimensions of human development a long and happy life, being knowledgeable and having a decent standard of living.

Access the 2015 HDI report here

The HDI

Why does poverty exist and why are people stuck in poverty?

What if I was born into poverty?

A New Solution by the United Nations

What are they?

World leaders met in New York in September 2015 and agreed on 17 goals for the world to be met by 2030Build on the success of the Millennium Development Goals but integrating economic growth with protecting the planetThey are not legally binding

The Sustainable Development Goals are an intergovernmental set of aspiration goals, overseen by the UN, to improve economic prosperity and sustainability globally by 2030

Sustainable Development Goals

Go to https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

In pairs, choose one goal each and read the targets.

Write a summary of how that goal will be achieved use subheadings and ask about any new terms

Report back to the class

Task

If each nation donated 0.7% of their gross national income to foreign aid the Sustainable Development Goals could be met by 2030

What is Needed?

What is foreign aid?

Opinions on foreign aid

Opinions on foreign aid

Foreign Aid Myths

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Types of AIDAid can be given or received in a variety of forms depending on the country who is giving or receiving the aid, and whether it is a long term or short term solution.

TERMDEFINITIONBilateralMonetary or other assistance given from one country to another. E.g. Australia giving aid to East TimorMulti-lateralProvided by a number of countries, often through an international organisation, or through a number of countries agreeing to help out. E.g. Australia, NZ, USA and China giving aid to Japan after the tsunami. Tied AidAid provided where a country ensures that the money is spent on what they are giving the aid for. Sometimes it is given with an agreement that the receiving country will now trade goods and services with them. Untied AidAssistance given, free of conditions (very rare in the 21st century due to corruption and poor governance).

+What other types of aid are there?

Food aidAssistance in the food of fruit, vegetables, drinking water, seeds, etc.Technical AidAssistance thorough the provision of experts. This could include teachers, doctors, builders etc.Monetary AidAssistance in the form of fundsEmergency AidUrgent assistance provided after an incident such as an earthquake, brushfire, Tsunami or flood

GROUP WORK TASKEconomic advantagesCultural advantagesGeopolitical advantagesEconomic disadvantagesCultural disadvantagesGeopolitical disadvantages

EACH GROUP IS TO FORM 4 POINTS UNDER THEIR GIVEN TOPIC FROM THE ARTICLE AND ARE TO SHARE THEIR INFORMATION WITH THE CLASS IN 10 MINUTES.

Cultural, economic and geopolitical advantagesIncrease regional stability prevent failed statesBetter Regional security in the Asia-Pacific RegionIncrease demand for Australian exports, employment and investment opportunities.Strengthen long-term international relationsPoverty reductionLearn about new cultures and their beliefs (Educate Australians).humanitarian needs Creates jobsSaves Lives

Cultural, economic and geopolitical disadvantages encourages a culture of dependenceAid can discourage development and hinder growth of a nation.There are dangers and risks associated with delivering aid. foster resentment paternalist, neo-colonialism insensitive to cultural values of recipient countrypromote economic growth for the rich, but not address environmental impacts and poverty-reduction. In other words (widen the gap between rich and poor).Poor countries may not afford to repay Australia. They can fall further into debt.

Extension activityCompare Australia's Aid Program with ONE other developed world country from the following:

- USA, France, Norway, UK, Sweden

The Millennium Development Goals

Read the article from World Vision and summarise itAnswer this question:

Evaluate the effectiveness of foreign aid in improving global inequalities

Does Foreign Aid Work?

Writing Evaluative ResponsesEvaluate= make a judgment based on criteria. Put a value on factors or points. Therefore, however, clearly evident, moreover, primary factor, major influence, significant, in addition, overall, it is for these reasons, firstly, secondly, thirdly, most important factor, significantly, highly influential, this has been successful/unsuccessful, because, it is for these reasons, as a result, vital factor.You must write explicitly, using geographic terminology.You need to strengthen your answer with evidence and write with confidence and clarity.

In the year 2000 developed counties agreed to give 0.7% of their Gross National Income (GNI) to aid for developing countries by 2015.

In 2015 the Australian government gives 0.22%, which is $4 billion.

By 201617 the annual aid figure is estimated to reach around $89 billion (0.5 per cent of Gross National Income

Australian Foreign Aid

AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT AID1Indonesia$458 million2PNG$457 million3Solomon Islands$225 million4Afghanistan$123 million5Vietnam$120 million6Philippines$118 million7East Timor$103 million8Bangladesh$70 million9Vanuatu$66 million10Cambodia$64 million

70% of Australian foreign aid is spent in the Asia Pacific region.

THE COMPONENTS OF AUSTRALIA'S AID PROGRAM:Security (strengthening regional security by enhancing the recipients capacity to prevent conflict, enhance stability and manage relations with other countries).

Sustainable resource management (promoting sustainable approaches to the management of the environment, including rural development and the use of scarce natural resources

Human capital: supporting stability and the legitimacy of government through improved basic services, such as health, education and water and sanitation services

Governance (promoting democratic and accountable government and effective public administration)

Globalisation: (assisting developing countries to access and maximise the benefits from trade and new information technologies

Winners of the 2014 budget!

1. Medical researchGets a $20 billion Medical Research Future Fund

2. Small to medium businesses1.5 per cent company tax cut and no parental leave levy

3. Construction firmsWith $11 billion in infrastructure spending

4. School chaplains$245 million over five years

5. DefenceSpending to rise to 2 per cent of GDP within a decade

6. MothersPaid Parental Leave Scheme to pay new mothers up to $50,000

7. Ballerinas$1 million for ballet students' boarding accommodation

Losers of the 2014 budget1. The sick$7 fee increase for GP visits and cuts to hospital funding2. University studentsFace higher, deregulated fees3. Foreign aidReduction in foreign aid budget of $7.9 billion over five years4. High income earnersDeficit tax rise of 2 percentage points for people earning more than $180,000 a year5. Public servants16,500 job losses6. Video gamersAbolishing the Australian Interactive Games Fund, saving $10 million7. PensionersPension age rises to 70 from 2035 and concessions cut8. FamiliesCuts to Family Tax Benefit Part B9. Young unemployedUnder 30s face a six-month wait for a reduced dole10. MotoristsMore expensive petrol with a fuel levy11. Indigenous peopleA $500 million cut to indigenous programs over five years12. Local councilsCuts of nearly $1 billion over four years

Evaluating Australia's foreign aid budget

Case Study: World BankWho are they?

What is their goal/mission?

What type of aid do they provide?

Outline three strategies they use to provide this aid

Outline three achievements they have made

Do a Google News search to find one criticism of the World Bank and outline it briefly. Do you think it is valid? Why/why not?

Case Study: Aid RecipientFind a country that receives aid from Australia.

Find its GDP, GNI, HDP, infant mortality rate, fertility rate, HIV/AIDS rate, history of natural disasters (note that you will need to define these terms)

Create an overview of Australias aid to the nation in the last ten years, outlining the types of aid, amount of aid and programs instituted

Evaluate the success of this aid program using improvements in the criteria above to make your judgment. You may not be able to locate information on all criteria, but do your best.